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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    Fish population structure : implications to conservation ; the Fisheries Society of the British Isles Annual Symposium, held in Aberdeen, Scotland, U.K. 10-14 July 2006 (2006)
    Oxford : Blackwell
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Konferenzschrift 2006 ; Großbritannien ; Fische ; Ökosystem ; Biotopschutz
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 270 S , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt
    Series Statement: Journal of fish biology 69.2006, Suppl. C
    Language: English
    Note: Literaturangaben
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  • 2
    Book
    Book
    Parasites as agents of selection in fishes : from genes to ecosystems : the Fisheries Society of the British Isles annual symposium, held in Cardiff, U.K. 21 - 25 July 2008 (2008)
    Oxford : Blackwell
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Konferenzschrift
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: S. 2083 - 2292 , Ill., graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Journal of fish biology 73,9
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of reactions involving DNA containing stress-induced single-stranded regions (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 19 (1980), S. 2143-2164 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The theoretical kinetics are analyzed for reactions between torsionally stressed DNA and another compound which reacts at different rates with portions of the substrate molecule which are in different conformational states. These reactions are assumed to obey Michaelis-Menten kinetics, so no cooperative effects occur. The DNA is regarded as being susceptible to a stress-induced local conformational transition as described recently by Benham. Briefly, alterations in torsional stress consequent on superhelicity effectively change the relative concentrations of the two conformational states of the substrate, thereby influencing the course of the reaction. This theory is developed for transition between the B-form helix and the single-stranded, random-coil states. To illustrate the influence of posited stress-induced melting on kinetics, calculations are made on simple models of two biochemical phenomena. First, the variations in initial nicking rates of single-strand-specific endonucleases with substrate superhelicity are interpreted as arising from changes in the concentration of (stress-induced) single-stranded binding sites. Second, the observed dependence of the transcription rate of RNA polymerase core enzyme on substrate superhelicity is interpreted in terms of a model in which the rate-limiting step in the initiation event is the formation of a complex between the enzyme and a single-stranded region. Related experimental results are shown to be qualitatively consistent with the suggestion that sufficiently supercoiled DNA contains locally melted regions.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1980.360191202
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geometry and mechanics of DNA superhelicity (1983)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 22 (1983), S. 2477-2495 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This paper analyzes the elastic equilibrium conformations of duplex DNA constrained by the constancy of its molecular linking number, Lk. The DNA is regarded as having the mechanical properties of a homogeneous, linearly elastic substance with symmetric cross section. Integral representations of the writhing number Wr and of Lk are developed, in terms of which the equilibria are given as solutions to an isoperimetric problem. It is shown that the Euler angles defining equilibrium conformations must obey equations identical to those governing unconstrained equilibria. A scaling law is developed stating that molecules supercoiled the same amount ΔLk will have geometrically similar elastic equilibria regardless of their length. Thus, comparisons among molecules of properties related to their large-scale tertiary structure should be referred to differences in ΔLk rather than to their superhelix densities. Specific conditions on the elastic equilibrium conformations are developed that are necessary for ring closure. The equilibrium superhelical conformations accessible to closed-ring molecules are shown to approximate toroidal helices. Questions relating to the stability and nonuniqueness of equilibria are treated briefly. A comparison is made between these toroidal conformations and interwound configurations, which are shown to be stable, although they are not equilibria in the present sense. It is suggested that entropic factors are responsible for favouring the toroidal conformation in solution.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360221112
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis, Structure, and Antimalarial Activity of Some Enantiomerically Pure, cis-fused cyclopenteno-1,2,4-trioxanes (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 78 (1995), S. 647-662 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Two pairs of enantiomerically pure cis-fused cyclopenteno-1,2,4-trioxanes (7, ent-7 and 8, ent-8) are prepared (Schemes 1-3). Their identities are established by dye-sensitized photo-oxygenation of ent-7 and 8, ent-8 to the allylichydroperxides, reduction to the corresponding alcohols, and conversion to the (1S)-camphanates (Scheme 4), the structures of which are determined by X-ray analysis. The dynamic properties of ent-7 are investigated by NMR spectroscopy and PM3 calculations. Evidence for an easily accessible twist-boat conformation is obtained. The in vitro and in vivo antimalarial activities of 7, ent-7,8, and ent-8 as well as those of the racemic mixtures are evaluated against Plasmodium falciparum, P. berghei, and P. yoelii. No correlation is observed between configuration and activity. Racemates and pure enantiomers have commensurate activities. The mode of action on the intraerythrocytic parasite is rationalized in terms of close docking by the twist-boat conformer of the trioxane on the surface of a molecule of heme, single-electron transfer to the O—O σ* orbital, and scission to the acetal radical which then irreversibly isomerizes to a C-centered radical, the ultimate lethal agent (Scheme 5).
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19950780312
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Highly branched radial block copolymers via dendritic initiation of aliphatic polyesters (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 36 (1998), S. 2793-2798 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: highly branched radial block copolymers ; dendritic initiation ; alipatic polyesters ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Living ring opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone initiated from the numerous chain-end hydroxymethyl groups of the analogous dendrimeric and hyperbranched polyesters derived from 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl) propionic acid is described. By controlling the size of the dendritic macromolecule and the molar ratio of ε-caprolactone, a variety of highly branched radial block copolymers are obtained. Comparison of the results obtained for the dendrimeric and hyperbranched initiators demonstrates that the reactivity of the chain-end hydroxymethyl groups in the dendrimer are significantly greater than in the isomeric hyperbranched case. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 36: 2793-2798, 1998
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A versatile and efficient synthesis of alkoxyamine LFR initiators via manganese based asymmetric epoxidation catalysts (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 36 (1998), S. 2161-2167 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: alkoxyamine ; living free radical polymerizations ; asymmetric epoxidation ; Jacobsen's catalyst ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: No abstract.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intramolecular cyclization in hyperbranched polyesters (1997)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 35 (1997), S. 1627-1633 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: hyperbranched macromolecule ; polyester ; focal point groups ; intramolecular cyclization ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The effect of monomer structure and catalyst on the synthesis of hyperbranched polyesters based on 4,4-(4′-hydroxyphenyl)pentanoic acid has been examined. The nature of the ester group and the catalyst have a significant effect on the molecular weight of the hyperbranched polyester but do not effect the degree of branching for these materials. The fate of the single ester group at the focal point of these hyperbranched macromolecules is probed by the synthesis and polymerization of 13C labeled methyl 4,4-(4′-hydroxyphenyl)pentanoate. Comparison of the molecular weights determined by 1H- or 13C-NMR spectra with those determined by osmometry suggest that intramolecular cyclization does not occur to a significant extent in these systems. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35: 1627-1633, 1997
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chiroptical properties and absolute configuration of pyrroloisoquinoline antidepressants (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chirality 10 (1998), S. 169-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: stereochemistry ; chirality ; circular dichroism ; isoquinoline ; enantiomers ; alkaloids ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Circular dichroism (CD) spectra were determined for the bioactive (+)-enantiomers of 1 · HCl, 3 · HCl, and 4 · HBr to characterize the chiroptical properties of these pyrroloisoquinoline antidepressants. The compounds showed a low-intensity negative CD band with much fine structure between 252 and 272 nm, a medium negative CD band with fine structure between 215 and 225 nm, and a high-intensity negative CD maximum between 198 and 203 nm. Except for amplitude variation, the three CD spectra were essentially superimposable in sign and position of the bands. The CD curves for the (-)-enantiomers of 1 · HCl and 4 · HBr were opposite in sign and comparable within 5% to the (+)-enantiomers. The results are consistent with the previously assigned (Maryanoff et al. J. Med. Chem. 30:1433-1454, 1987) absolute configurations of (6S, 10bR) for 1 and 3, and (6R, 10bR) for 4. Chirality 10:169-172, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chir.26
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stable cruciform formation at inverted repeat sequences in supercoiled DNA (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 21 (1982), S. 679-696 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This paper analyzes equilibrium superhelical cruciform formation in a topologial domain of DNA containing inverted repeat sequences. The cruciform conformation is shown to be stable when the molecule is sufficiently negatively supercoiled but not when it is positively supercoiled. For a particular sequence containing a single inverted repeat, onset of stability occurs at a degree of negative superhelicity that depends critically on the number of base pairs separating the repeat copies. The free energy associated with the stable cruciform state is constant, independent of the degree of superhelicity, up to the point where the complete inverted repeat participates in the cruciform. In contrast, the free energy of the alternative, unextruded state grows approximately quadratically with the superhelical deformation. Therefore, a degree of negative supercoiling occurs at which the cruciform state becomes energetically favored. The equilibrium properties of this cruciform extrusion transition vary with segment length, the positions and sizes of the inverted repeats involved, environmental conditions, and the degree of superhelicity imposed. In a segment containing multiple repeats, both tandem and inverted, of one or more sequences, the pattern of cruciforms that form is dependent on superhelicity in a complex way. Specific cruciforms may occur at equilibrium only in narrow ranges of superhelicity, their reabsorption being coupled to the extrusion of others.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360210314
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