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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of orbital polarization in calculations of the magnetic anisotropy (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 5875-5877 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetic anisotropy is a difficult topic to describe by electronic structure theory. The results of ab initio calculations for iron and nickel are disappointing, especially since these calculations require high numerical precision and are very time consuming. For iron the value of the energy is too small by a factor of 3, while for nickel the sign is wrong and the value is too small by a factor of 5. The local density approximation can be improved by adding corrections that mimic the inclusion of Hund's second rule. This is equivalent to increasing the effective spin–orbit parameter. For iron a small increase in the effective spin–orbit parameter is sufficient to reconcile theory and experiment. For nickel, this is not possible. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.372552
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multicentre comparison of skin hydration in terms of physical-, physiological- and product-dependent parameters by the capacitive method (Corneometer CM 825) (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 25 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A multicentre study for measuring skin hydration with 349 volunteers was carried out in six different laboratories. The purpose of the study was to investigate physical-, physiological- and product-dependent parameters of three test emulsions (base, base + moisturizer and base + moisturizer + lipids) in a double-blind study. A comparison between analogous and digital sensor technology of the Corneometer CM825 was examined. Here, a clear relationship between both sensor types could be highlighted. A vital point of the study was the division of the test subjects according to their skin type. To get more objective limits for three different skin types – very dry, dry and normal skin – visual expert evaluation, self-assessment and hydration measurements were analysed by means of statistical methods. The moisture-related skin types were determined as follows: very dry skin was characterized with corneometer units below 30, dry skin between 30 and 40 and normal skin higher than 40 a.u. (arbitrary units). The efficacy of the three test emulsions was examined in relation to the mentioned skin types. Analysing the measured data of all test centres, a clear dependency of skin physiology (skin type) and product efficacy became evident. The drier the skin, the higher the increase of hydration. The product performance of the three test emulsions compared to the untreated control resulted in a significant increase of skin hydration in all measuring centres. The evaluation of a product ranking showed a good differentiation between the basic emulsion and the two other products. An increase of efficacy by adding lipids could be observed in four of six centres. The important influence of the skin type of the volunteers on the degree of product performance, as demonstrated in this study, should be especially considered when drawing up guidelines for efficacy testing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-2494.2003.00172.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ x-ray microscopic observation of the electromigration in passivated Cu interconnects (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 1936-1938 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: X-ray imaging of electromigration in a passivated Cu interconnect was performed with 100-nm spatial resolution. A time sequence of 200 images, recorded with the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility x-ray microscope in 2.2 h at 4 keV photon energy, visualizes the mass flow of Cu at current densities up to 2×107 A/cm2. Due to the high penetration power through matter and the element specific image contrast, x-ray microscopy is a unique tool for time-resolved, quantitative mass transport measurements in interconnects. Model calculations predict that failures in operating microprocessors are detectable with 30 nm resolution by nanotomography. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1356446
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Levodopa-induced modulation of subthalamic beta oscillations during self-paced movements in patients with Parkinson's disease (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 21 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Excessive synchronization of neural activity in the beta frequency band (∼20 Hz) within basal ganglia circuits might contribute to the paucity and slowness of movement in Parkinson's disease (PD). Treatment with dopaminergic drugs reduces the background level of beta frequency band synchronization in the subthalamic nucleus (STN), but has not been shown to increase the proportion of beta activity that is suppressed before voluntary movement in PD. We assessed changes in the event-related desynchronization (ERD) in the beta frequency band of local field potential signals from the region of the STN in 14 patients with PD as they performed self-paced movements of a joystick before and after levodopa administration. The dopamine precursor, levodopa, increased the duration and magnitude of the premovement beta ERD, but did not alter postmovement synchronization in the beta band. Both the latency and magnitude of the beta ERD inversely correlated with the degree of motor impairment. These findings suggest that the beta ERD recorded in the STN area reflects motor-preparative processes that are at least partly dependent on dopaminergic activity within the basal ganglia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.03969.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Subcellular localization of beta-catenin in malignant cell lines and squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 31 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Beta-catenin, an E-cadherin-associated protein involved in cell–cell adhesion and signaling, has been hypothesized to translocate to the nucleus and activate transcription in several human cancers, including oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC).Methods:  In the present study, we analyzed the subcellular localization of beta-catenin in cultures of human oral normal and malignant (cell lines SCC15 and SCC25) keratinocytes and in 24 frozen samples of oral squamous cell carcinomas by a double-staining technique for nucleic acids and beta-catenin. Growth potential, as assessed by cell count at different time periods, was established for normal, SCC15 and SCC25 cell lines; oral squamous cell carcinomas were classified according to the histopathological and malignancy indexes.Results:  Beta-catenin localized at the plasma membrane in the normal and SCC15 cells, not in the SCC25 cells, where it localized mostly in the perinuclear and nuclear areas. In the growth assays, SCC25 cell lines proliferated faster than in normal and SCC15 cells over a period of 6 days (cell numbers were significantly different, P 〈 0.0001). Carcinoma sections showed a combination of membranous, cytoplasmic and, in few invading epithelial islands of two tumors, nuclear localization of beta-catenin.Conclusions:  In oral squamous cell carcinomas, nuclear beta-catenin staining was observed only within invading islands of two carcinomas deep in the underlying connective tissue. On the basis of this study, we conclude that intranuclear beta-catenin does not appear to be a common finding in oral squamous cell carcinomas and that a clear association between intranuclear beta-catenin and histopathological and malignancy indexes in vivo could not be established.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0714.2002.00108.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical relevance of a simple fragmentation model to evaluate human masticatory performance (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 29 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To explain the breakage process of food particles in human mastication, we propose a simple fragmentation model. To verify its clinical accuracy, a mechanical test with a sieving method and a natural test food (coffee) was performed on three groups of subjects. The values obtained permitted to demonstrate that the model could predict, at least qualitatively, the general trend of the experimental data, even for a very small group (two subjects). It also shows that the choice of the yielding factors used to calculate the masticatory index (MI) is relevant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.2002.00967.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coffee beans as a natural test food for the evaluation of the masticatory efficiency (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 28 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A lot of test foods have been used during this century to evaluate the masticatory ability of human subjects. Nevertheless, none has been universally admitted. If the test food by itself is of importance, attention should also be paid to its behaviour during the chewing test procedure. Therefore, we analysed step by step coffee beans through the processing of the chewing test and a dry sieving method. The development of a compression test and a computer simulation have shown that groups of 11 coffee beans give satisfactory results and deserve to be used in mastication studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.2001.00699.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blaschkolineäre Dermatitis im Erwachsenenalter (Morbus Grosshans-Marot) mit antinukleären Antikörpern (2000)
    Springer
    Der Hautarzt 51 (2000), S. 774-777 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Morbus Grosshans-Marot ; Blaschkitis ; Lichen striatus ; Antinukleäre Antikörper ; Kutanes Mosaik ; Keywords Grosshand-Marot disease ; Blaschkitis ; Lichen striatus ; Antinuclear antibodies ; Cutaneous mosaicism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract E. Grosshans and L. Marot first described blaschkitis in 1990 as a linear inflammatory dermatitis following lines of Blaschko in an adult patient. We report another case which occurred in a 38-year-old woman who developed an extensive, linear, erythematosquamous dermatitis involving the face, all limbs and the trunk. The patient's serum tested positive for antinuclear antibodies at a dilution of 1:640. The lesions regressed spontaneously within 4 weeks. Blaschkitis is a distinct entity which corresponds neither to a known inflammatory dermatitis in the lines of Blaschko nor to an hamartoma nor to an X-linked disease. Cutaneous antigenic mosaicism, the expression of which might be induced by a viral infection, could trigger this localized inflammatory T-cell response. This hypothesis relates blaschkitis to other cutaneous autoimmune diseases, as does the presence of antinuclear antibodies. We therefore suggest renaming this type of inflammatory dermatitis Grosshans-Marot disease in honour to the dermatologists who first described the entity.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die “Blaschkitis”, eine blaschkolineäre Dermatitis im Erwachsenenalter, wurde von E. Grosshans und L. Marot 1990 erstmals als Entität beschrieben. Wir berichten von einem weiteren Fall einer “Blaschkitis” bei einer 38-jährigen Patientin ohne Vorerkrankungen, die an Kopf, Hals, Armen, Beinen und extremitätennahen Rumpfbereichen blaschkolineäre erythematosquamöse Läsionen entwickelte. Es fanden sich antinukleäre Antikörper mit einem Titer von 1:640. Spontane Abheilung trat innerhalb von 4 Wochen ein. Bei der “Blaschkitis” handelt es sich weder um eine blaschkolineäre Variante einer bekannten Dermatose noch um eine hamartomatöse Fehlbildung noch um einen X-chromosomal-dominanten Gendefekt. Ein Mosaik kutaner Antigene mit Expression im Laufe des Lebens (z. B. virusinduziert) könnte zu dieser blaschkolineären T-lymphozytären Entzündungsreaktion führen. Diese Theorie rückt die blaschkolineäre Dermatitis im Erwachsenenalter in die Nähe der Autoimmunerkrankungen, ebenso die gefundenen antinukleären Antikörper. Nachdem es sich bei der “Blaschkitis” um eine eigenständige Entität handelt und verschiedene Namengebungen sich international nicht durchsetzen konnten, möchten wir vorschlagen, sie nach den Erstbeschreibern Morbus Grosshans-Marot zu benennen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001050051214
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Littoral cell angioma of the spleen: CT and MR imaging appearance (2000)
    Springer
    European radiology 10 (2000), S. 1395-1400 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Spleen – Tumor – CT – MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. We report a case of littoral cell angioma (LCA) of the spleen, a recently described splenic pathology, which imaging characteristics and pathologic morphology have been discussed only by a few authors. The imaging findings in unenhanced and contrast-enhanced MRI and CT as well as histologic specimen are presented. Diagnosis was made after elective splenectomy. Differential diagnosis of splenic tumors as well as the imaging findings in this particular case are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300000345
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seismic and Aseismic Movements in the Western Bohemia/Vogtland Area (2000)
    Springer
    Studia geophysica et geodaetica 44 (2000), S. 611-613 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1626
    Keywords: horizontal strike slipzones ; seismic moment rate ; slip-creep-slip processes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021832105295
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