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  • Articles  (79)
  • 2005-2009  (7)
  • 2000-2004  (34)
  • 1970-1974  (36)
  • 1945-1949  (2)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 52 (1974), S. 719-721 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Aldosterone ; renin ; pheochromocytoma ; Aldosteron ; Renin ; Phaechromocytom
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Sieben von 8 Patienten mit einem Phäochromocytom zeigten eine über die Norm erhöhte Plasma-Renin-Aktivität (〉3 ng/ml/3 h). Bei 4 der 7 Patienten mit Hyperreninismus konnte gleichzeitig auch ein abnorm hohes Plasma-Aldosteron nachgewiesen werden (〉120 pg/ml). Seitengetrennte Bestimmungen der Plasma-Renin-Aktivität im Nierenvenenblut zweier Patienten zeigten, daß als Ursachen des Hyperreninismus sowohl eine Verringerung der Nierendurchblutung durch Tumorkompression im Sinne eines Goldblattmechanismus als auch eine Stimulation der renalen Reninsekretion durch Katecholamine in Frage kommen können. Bei 2 unserer Patienten mit einem Phäochromocytom fand sich eine über die Norm gesteigerte Cortisolsekretion.
    Notes: Summary Seven of eight patients with pheochromocytoma showed elevated plasma renin activity (〉3 ng/ml/3 hr). Four of these seven patients simultaneously had abnormally high plasma aldosterone (〉120 pg/ml). It was found by selective determinations of plasma renin activity in both renal veins that two different mechanisms may be responsible for the observed hyperreninism. Firstly, the pheochromocytoma can lead mechanically to a reduction in renal blood flow inducing an increased renin secretion. Secondly, catecholamines are known to stimulate renin secretion. Two of the eight patients with pheochromocytoma showed an increased cortisol secretion.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1591-9528
    Keywords: Mean arterial blood pressure ; Heart rate ; Renal transport system ; Mittlerer arterieller Blutdruck ; Herzfrequenz ; Renales Transportsystem
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei der narkotisierten vagotomierten Ratte wurde über 2 Std die Wirkung von intraperitoneal injiziertem Guancydin auf den mittleren arteriellen Blutdruck und die Herzfrequenz beobachtet. Hier konnte ein dosisabhängiger blutdruck- und frequenzsenkender Effekt nachgewiesen werden. Nephrektomierte Tiere oder Tiere mit doppelseitiger Ureterligatur und ureteroabdomineller Fistel sowie Tiere, die mit Probenecid vorbehandelt waren, zeigten im Vergleich zu den Normaltieren eine deutlich stärkere Ansprechbarkeit auf die gleiche Guancydindosis. 2 Std nach der Guancydingabe konnte zwischen den Blutdruckwerten der vorbehandelten Kollektive und dem mittleren Druckwert des Normalkollektivs eine hochsignifikante Differenz ermittelt werden (p〈0,001). Aus diesen Befunden wird gefolgert, daß Guancydin rasch durch die Nieren ausgeschieden wird und daß auf Grund der deutlichen Potenzierung der Guancydinwirkung durch Probenecid eine aktive Ausscheidung des Antihypertensivums in der Niere wahrscheinlich ist.
    Notes: Summary In anesthetized and vagotomized rats the effect of intraperitoneally injected guancydine on the mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate was observed over a time of 2 hrs. A dose-dependent hypotensive and heart rate lowering effect could be recorded. Nephrectomized animals or animals with bilateral ureteral ligature and ureteroabdominal fistula and animals, which were pretreated with probenecid, showed a significantly increased sensitivity to guancydine compared to the normal rats. 2 hrs after application of guancydine a highly significant difference could be observed between the mean blood pressure of the pretreated and the normal animals (p〈0.001). These results suggest, that guancydine is rapidly excreted through the kidneys, and that the secretion of this antihypertensive agent is an active process.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1591-9528
    Keywords: Mean arterial blood pressure ; Heart rate ; Renal transport system ; Mittlerer arterieller Blutdruck ; Herzfrequenz ; Renales ; Transportsystem
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei Ratten, die mit Furosemid oder Mefrusid vorbehandelt worden waren, wurde über einen Zeitraum von 2 Std die Wirkung von intraperitoneal injiziertem Guancydin (25 mg/kg) auf den mittleren arteriellen Blutdruck und die Herzfrequenz beobachtet. Im Vergleich zu nichtvorbehandelten Tieren konnte eine deutliche Potenzierung der blutdruck- und herzfrequenzreduzierenden Guancydinwirkung nachgewiesen werden. Der Effekt war dosisabhängig, da 2 Std nach der Guancydingabe die mit 25 mg/kg Furosemid oder 50 mg/kg Mefrusid vorbehandelten Tiere einen signifikant niedrigeren Blutdruck aufwiesen als diejenigen, die vorher 12,5 mg/kg Furosemid oder 25 mg/kg Mefrusid erhalten hatten (p〈0,01). Es konnte wahrscheinlich gemacht werden, daß die Ursache für diesen Effekt weniger in einer diuretikumbedingten Veränderung des Wasser- und Elektrolythaushalts als darin liegt, daß Furosemid, Mefrusid und Guancydin über dasselbe renale Transportsystem ausgeschieden werden. Als Ausdruck einer Konkurrenz der Substanzen um dieses Transportsystem kam es möglicherweise zu einer Verzögerung der Guancydinausscheidung und somit zu einer verstärkten Wirkung des Antihypertensivums auf den Blutdruck und die Herzfrequenz. Diese Auslegung der Ergebnisse wird außerdem dadurch bestätigt, daß in weiteren Versuchen der diuretische und natriuretische Furosemideffekt durch Vorbehandlung mit Guancydin signifikant herabgesetzt werden konnte (p〈0,01). Dieser Effekt war gleichfalls dosisabhängig.
    Notes: Summary In rats, which were treated, with furosemide and mefruside, the effect of intraperitoneally injected guancydine (25 mg/kg) on the mean arterial blood pressure and the heart rate was studied over a period of 2 hrs. In comparison with, normal animals, a significant potentiation of the depressant effect of guancydine on heart rate and blood pressure was observed. This effect was dose dependent, since the animals, which were pretreated with 25 mg/kg furosemide or 50 mg/kg mefruside, showed a significantly lower blood pressure than rats, which received 12,5 mg/kg furosemide or 25 mg/kg mefruside (p〈0.01). It is suggested, that the causes of these effects were not the saluretic-induced alterations of the water and electrolyte balance but the fact, that furosemide, mefruside and guancydine are excreted by the same renal transport system. These findings were strongly supported by the fact, that in other experiments pretreatment with guancydine significantly lowered the diuretic and natriuretic action of furosemide (p〈0.01). This effect was also dose dependent.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 51 (1947), S. 262-277 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 1046-1052 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The lattice sites of ion-implanted Li atoms in 6H-, 4H-, and 3C-SiC were studied. Radioactive 8Li ions (t1/2=0.84 s) were implanted with 60 keV into the crystalline SiC samples, and the channeling and blocking effects of 1.6 MeV alpha particles emitted in the decay were measured to determine the Li lattice sites. The alpha emission channeling spectra measured along different crystallographic directions reveal that Li occupies mainly interstitial sites with tetrahedral symmetry, centered along the c-axis atom rows in the hexagonal lattices. In the cubic 3C-SiC structure, Li is located on tetrahedral interstitial sites as well. For 6H-SiC, the implantation temperature was varied between 200 and 823 K without observing significant changes in the emission channeling spectra. Thus, Li diffusion or Li defect interaction resulting in a lattice site change does not occur in this temperature regime. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 90 (2001), S. 4237-4245 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have studied the growth and the properties of (t)a-C:F films prepared by the deposition of mass separated 12C+ and 19F+ ions as a function of the F concentration. The films are always strongly F deficient due to the formation of volatile F2 and CFx molecules during the deposition process. A maximum F content of about 25 at. % is obtained for an ion charge ratio of C+:F+=1:1. The observed mechanical, optical, electrical, and structural properties as well as the thermal stability of the films are strongly influenced by the F content. A three step progression of the film structure is evident for increasing F concentration: the amorphous three-dimensional network of tetrahedrally bonded carbon atoms of pure carbon films (ta-C) with diamondlike properties is doped for very low F concentrations (ta-C:F). A further increase of the F content results first in transformation to a graphitelike amorphous structure (a-C:F) before the deposited films become porous and to a polymerlike one for the highest F content. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148-5020 , USA and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2XG , England . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of cardiac surgery 19 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-8191
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Background: The object was to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of strategies for managing the aortic root and distal aorta in type A dissections. Methods: From 1990 to 1999, 50 patients (32 men (64.07%); 18 women, (36.0%); mean age 57.4 ± 11.1 years) underwent operation for ascending aortic dissection. Surgical strategies included aortic root replacement with a composite graft (21/50; 42.0%), valve replacement with supracoronary ascending aortic graft (3/50, 6%), and valve preservation or repair (26/50; 52.0%). Results: Overall hospital mortality rate was 18.0%. Follow-up was completed for 47 patients (94.0%) and ranged from 1 month to 10.5 years (mean 28.8 months). Actuarial survival for patients discharged from the hospital was 84% at 1 year, 75% at 5 years, and 66% at 10 years. There was no significant difference between the various procedures regarding mortality, neurological complications, long-term survival, and proximal reoperations. The ascending aorta alone was replaced in 8 of 50 patients (16%), ascending and hemiarch in 30 of 50 patients (60%), and arch and proximal descending aorta in 12 of 50 patients (24%). Hospital mortality (11.5%, 20.0%, and 16.7%, respectively; p 〉 0.05) and 5- and 10-year survival (p 〉 0.05) were not statistically dependent on the extension of the resection distally. Residual distal dissection was not associated with a decrease in late survival. With regard to emergency surgery (36/50) there was no significant difference in hospital mortality (p 〉 0.05) and 5-year survival (p 〉 0.05) between those who had undergone coronary angiography (19/36; 52.8%) on the day of surgery with those who had not (17/36; 47.2%). Conclusions: Preservation or repair of the aortic valve can be recommended in the majority of patients with type A dissection. Distal extension of the resection does not increase surgical risk. Residual distal dissection does not decrease late survival. Preoperative coronary angiography may not affect survival in patients undergoing emergency surgery. (J Card Surg 2004;19:240-245)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148-5020 , USA and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2XG , England . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of cardiac surgery 19 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-8191
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Background: The Edwards MIRA™ mechanical heart valve is designed to optimize hemodynamics, reduce thrombogenicity, and avoid mechanical failure with a special hinge mechanism. The purpose of the study was to investigate the clinical performance and postoperative hemodynamic results of the first European patients receiving Edwards MIRA™ mechanical heart valves. Methods: From March 1998 to March 1999 a total of 54 Edwards MIRA™ valves model numbers 3600 (aortic, n = 44) and 9600 (mitral, n = 10) were implanted in 52 (36 male, 16 female; mean age 61 ± 10.1 years) consecutive patients undergoing mechanical valve replacement in a prospective study. Follow-up of the patients including physical examination, ECG, blood tests, and Doppler were performed prior to discharge, at 6 months, at 1 year, and at least 2 years postoperatively. Results: Through October 2001 a total of 172 follow-up examinations were completed (51 patients at discharge, 46 patients at 6 months, 43 patients at 12 months, 32 patients at 2 years or beyond). All patients were in NYHA class I and II at the 6-month and 2+-year follow-up. All the patients stated an improved quality of life. Hospital mortality was 1.9%. There were no complications related to anticoagulation. Mean international normalized ratio at 6 months was 3.2 (range 1.9 to 4.3); lactate dehydrogenase was slightly increased with 264 ± 103 U/L on average (normal value 80 to 240 U/L). No signs of valvular dysfunction or paravalvular leakage were observed. Mean pressure gradients were related to valve diameter: after mitral valve replacement (size 27, 29, 31 mm: 4.8, 3.2, 2.1 mmHg); after aortic valve replacement (size 19, 21, 23, 25 mm: 12.1, 13.1, 9.3, 8.2 mmHg). Conclusions: These preliminary data suggest good hemodynamic function and a low rate of valve-related complications of the Edwards-MIRA™ mechanical prosthesis. (J Card Surg 2004;19:226-231)
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G) is a substrate of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which forms an outward transporter at the blood–brain barrier. Inhibition of P-gp may therefore be expected to cause increased CNS uptake of M6G. We directly assessed the spinal concentrations of M6G and its antinociceptive effects in rats following pharmacological inhibition of P-gp. Spinal cord tissue concentrations of M6G were assessed by microdialysis with probes transversally implanted through the dorsal horns of the spinal cord at level L4. Ten rats received M6G intravenously (0.018 mg/kg loading dose plus 0.00115 mg/kg/min for an 8-h infusion), five of them together with PSC833 to inhibit P-gp (32-h infusion, starting 24 h before the addition of M6G). Antinociceptive effects were explored by means of formalin tests. After having obtained evidence for enhanced CNS uptake and antinociception of M6G in the presence of PSC833, additional behavioural experiments were performed in another 32 rats to assess the dose dependency of the antinociceptive effects of M6G either with or without PSC833 in comparison with both PSC833 alone and placebo. Inhibition of P-gp increased the M6G concentrations in the spinal cord approximately three-fold whereas the plasma concentrations were increased only by a factor of 1.4, which resulted in a more than doubled spinal cord/plasma concentration ratio (from 0.08 ± 0.03 for M6G alone to 0.17 ± 0.08 for M6G plus PSC833). Antinociceptive effects of M6G were significantly enhanced by inhibition of P-gp. Inhibition of P-gp alters the transport of M6G across the blood–brain barrier, resulting in enhanced spinal cord uptake and enhanced antinociception.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Peripheral noxious stimuli have been shown to induce prostaglandin (PG) E2 release at the site of inflammation and in the spinal cord. The antiinflammatory and antinociceptive effects of cyclooxygenase-inhibiting drugs are thought to depend on the inhibition of PG synthesis. R-Flurbiprofen, however, does not inhibit cyclooxygenase activity in vitro but still produces antinociceptive effects. To find out whether R-flurbiprofen acts via inhibition of spinal PG release, concentrations of PGE2 and flurbiprofen in spinal cord tissue were assessed by microdialysis. The catheter was transversally implanted through the dorsal horns of the spinal cord at level L4. R- and S-flurbiprofen (9 and 27 mg kg-1, respectively) were administered intravenously 10-15 min before subcutaneous injection of formalin into the dorsal surface of one hindpaw. Flurbiprofen was rapidly distributed into the spinal cord with maximal concentrations after 30-45 min. Baseline PGE2 dialysate concentrations were 100.6 ± 6.4 pg ml-1 (mean ± SEM). After formalin injection they rose about threefold with a maximum of 299.4 ± 68.4 pg ml-1 at 7.5 min. After ∼ 1 h PGE2 levels returned to baseline. Both flurbiprofen enantiomers completely prevented the formalin-induced increase of spinal PGE2 release and reduced PGE2 concentrations below basal levels. S- and R-flurbiprofen at 9 mg kg-1 produced a minimum of 15.8 ± 5.2 and 27.7 ± 14.9 pg ml-1, respectively, and 27 mg kg-1S- and R-flurbiprofen resulted in 11.7 ± 1.7 and 9.3 ± 4.7 pg ml-1, respectively. PGE2 levels remained at the minimum up to the end of the observation period at 5 h. When 27 mg kg-1R-flurbiprofen was injected intravenously without subsequent formalin challenge, baseline immunoreactive PGE2 concentrations were not affected. S-Flurbiprofen (27 mg kg-1), however, led to a moderate reduction (∼40%). The data suggest that antinociception produced by R-flurbiprofen is mediated at least in part by inhibition of stimulated spinal PGE2 release and support the current view that increased spinal PGE2 release significantly contributes to nociceptive processing.
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