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  • 2010-2014  (295)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin, Heidelberg :Springer Berlin / Heidelberg,
    Keywords: Chemistry, Organic. ; Amines. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (292 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783642539299
    Series Statement: Topics in Current Chemistry Series ; v.343
    DDC: 547.042
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Control of Asymmetry in the Radical Addition Approach to Chiral Amine Synthesis -- 1 Background and Introduction -- 2 Intermolecular Radical Addition to Chiral N-Acylhydrazones -- 2.1 Use of Chiral Auxiliaries in Radical Additions to Imino Compounds -- 2.2 Design of Chiral N-Acylhydrazones -- 2.3 Preparation and Initial Reactivity Studies of Chiral N-Acylhydrazones -- 2.3.1 Additions of Secondary and Tertiary Radicals -- 2.3.2 Triethylborane-Mediated Radical Additions Without Tin -- 2.4 Manganese-Mediated Radical Addition: Discovery and Method Development -- 2.5 Hybrid Radical-Ionic Annulation -- 2.5.1 Pyrrolidine Synthesis -- 2.5.2 Stepwise Annulation in Piperidine Synthesis -- 2.5.3 Application to Formal Synthesis of Quinine -- 2.6 Applications in Amino Acid Synthesis -- 2.6.1 Synthesis of gamma-Amino Acids -- 2.6.2 Synthesis of α,α-Disubstituted α-Amino Acids -- 2.7 Considerations for Synthesis Design Using Mn-Mediated Radical Addition -- 2.7.1 Functional Group Compatibility -- 2.7.2 Stereoconvergence for Flexibility in Synthetic Application -- 3 Asymmetric Catalysis of Radical Addition -- 4 Summary -- References -- Stereoselective Formation of Amines by Nucleophilic Addition to Azomethine Derivatives -- 1 Introduction -- 2 1,2-Addition of Unstabilized Carbanions to Chiral Azomethine Derivatives -- 2.1 Electrophilicity of Azomethine Derivatives -- 2.2 Diastereoselective Addition to Chiral Imines -- 2.2.1 Chiral Imines and Derivatives Obtained from Chiral Carbonyl Derivatives -- 2.2.2 Chiral Imines and Derivatives Obtained from Chiral Amines -- 2.3 Stoichiometric Amounts of Chiral Reagents -- 2.4 Catalytic Asymmetric Nucleophilic Addition -- 2.4.1 Background: Lewis Base Activation of the Nucleophile vs Transition Metal Catalysis -- 2.4.2 Addition of Alkylmetals (sp3 Carbon). , 2.4.3 Addition of Alkenyl, Aryl, and Heteroarylmetals (sp2 Carbon) -- 2.4.4 Addition of Alkynylmetals (sp Carbon) -- 2.4.5 Addition of Allylmetal -- 3 Conclusion -- References -- Transition Metal-Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Enamides and Enamines -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Enamides -- 2.1 Acyclic beta-Unsubstituted Enamides -- 2.1.1 Acyclic α-Arylethenamides -- 2.1.2 Acyclic α-Alkylethenamides -- 2.1.3 Other Acyclic beta-Unsubstituted Enamides -- 2.2 Acyclic beta-Substituted Enamides -- 2.2.1 Acyclic beta-Alkyl Substituted α-Arylenamides -- 2.2.2 Acyclic beta-Methoxymethoxy Substituted α-Arylenamides -- 2.2.3 Acyclic beta-Substituted α-Alkylenamides -- 2.3 Cyclic Enamides -- 3 Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Enamines -- 3.1 Acyclic Enamines -- 3.1.1 Acyclic α-Arylethenamines -- 3.1.2 Acyclic beta-Substituted α-Arylethenamines -- 3.2 Cyclic Enamines -- 4 Conclusion and Outlook -- References -- Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Imines -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Transition Metal Catalysts for Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Imines -- 2.1 Rh-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Imines -- 2.2 Ti-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Imines -- 2.3 Ru-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Imines -- 2.4 Ir-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Imines -- 2.4.1 Diphosphine Ligands in Ir-Based Catalysts -- 2.4.2 P,N Ligands in Ir-Based Catalysts -- 2.4.3 Phosphite, Phosphinite, and Phosphoramidite Ligands in Ir-Based Catalysts -- 2.4.4 Other Ir Catalysts -- 2.4.5 Additive Effects and Mechanistic Perspectives -- 2.5 Pd-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Imines -- 2.5.1 Pd-Based Catalysts for Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Imines -- 2.5.2 Inhibitory Effect of Amine Product and Activation Strategy -- 3 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Acyclic Imines -- 3.1 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Activated Acyclic Imines. , 3.2 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Non-activated Acyclic Imines -- 3.3 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of N-H Imines -- 4 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Cyclic Imines -- 4.1 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Activated Cyclic Imines -- 4.2 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Non-activated Cyclic Imine Substrates -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Advances in Transition Metal-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Heteroaromatic Compounds -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Quinolines -- 2.1 Chiral Diphosphine Ligands -- 2.2 Other Chiral Phosphorus-Containing Ligands -- 2.3 Chiral Diamine Ligands -- 3 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Isoquinolines -- 4 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Quinoxalines -- 4.1 Chiral Phosphorus-Containing Ligands -- 4.2 Chiral Phosphine-Free Ligands -- 4.3 Metal/Brønsted Acid Catalytic System -- 5 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Pyridines -- 6 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Indoles and Pyrroles -- 7 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Furans and Benzofurans -- 7.1 Chiral Phosphorus-Containing Ligands -- 7.2 Chiral N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands -- 8 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Thiophenes and Benzothiophenes -- 9 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Imidazoles and Oxazoles -- 10 Catalyst Immobilization -- 10.1 Biphasic Catalytic Systems -- 10.2 Catalyst Immobilization with Soluble Linear Polymer -- 10.3 Chiral Dendrimeric Catalyst -- 10.4 Catalyst Immobilization in Ionic Liquid -- 10.5 Catalyst Immobilization with Magnetic Nanoparticles -- 11 Mechanistic Aspects -- 11.1 Mechanism for Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Quinolines -- 11.2 Mechanism for Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Quinoxalines -- 12 Summary and Perspectives -- References -- Asymmetric Hydroamination -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Hydroamination of Alkenes -- 2.1 Metal-Catalyzed Intermolecular Hydroamination of Alkenes -- 2.2 Enzymatic Intermolecular Hydroamination of Alkenes -- 2.3 Cope-Type Hydroamination. , 2.4 Intramolecular Hydroamination of Aminoalkenes -- 2.4.1 Rare Earth Metal-Based Catalysts -- 2.4.2 Alkali Metal-Based Catalysts -- 2.4.3 Alkaline Earth Metal-Based Catalysts -- 2.4.4 Group 4 Metal-Based Catalysts -- 2.4.5 Group 5 Metal-Based Catalysts -- 2.4.6 Late Transition Metal-Based Catalysts -- 2.4.7 Organocatalytic Asymmetric Hydroamination of Aminoalkenes -- 2.4.8 Cope-Type Intramolecular Hydroamination -- 3 Hydroamination of Dienes -- 3.1 Intermolecular Hydroamination of Dienes -- 3.2 Intramolecular Hydroamination of Aminodienes -- 4 Hydroamination of Allenes -- 4.1 Intermolecular Hydroamination of Allenes -- 4.2 Intramolecular Hydroamination of Aminoallenes -- 5 Hydroamination of Alkynes -- 6 Hydroamination with Enantiomerical Pure Amines -- 6.1 Hydroaminations Using Achiral Catalysts -- 6.2 Kinetic Resolution of Chiral Aminoalkenes and Aminoallenes -- 7 Synthesis of Chiral Amines via Reaction Sequences Involving Hydroamination -- 8 Conclusions -- References -- Asymmetric Reductive Amination -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Organometallic Catalysis -- 2.1 Metal Catalyzed Hydrogenation -- 2.2 Metal Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation -- 3 Organocatalysis -- 3.1 Hydrosilanes as Hydrogen Source -- 3.2 Hantzsch Esters as Hydrogen Source -- 4 Biocatalysis -- 4.1 ARA with Amino Acid Dehydrogenases -- 4.2 ARA with omega-Transaminases -- 5 Summary and Outlook -- References -- Index.
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis), mainly distributed in the Yangtze River, has been listed as a grade I protected animal in China because of a dramatic decline in population owing to loss of natural habitat for reproduction and interference by human activities. Understanding the proteome profile of Chinese sturgeon liver would provide an invaluable resource for protecting and increasing the stocks of this species. In this study, we have analyzed proteome profiles of juvenile Chinese sturgeon liver using a one-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled to LC-MS/MS approach. A total of 1059 proteins and 2084 peptides were identified. The liver proteome was found to be associated with diverse biological processes, cellular components and molecular functions. The proteome profile identified a variety of significant pathways including carbohydrate metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and amino acid metabolism pathways. It also established a network for protein biosynthesis, folding and catabolic processes. The proteome profile established in this study can be used for understanding the development of Chinese sturgeon and studying the molecular mechanisms of action under environmental or chemical stress, providing very useful omics information that can be applied to preserve this species.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Keywords: Database accession number; Isoelectric point; Molecular mass; Name; Organisms; Peptide; Peptide, unique; Peptide sequence; Sequence coverage
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1660 data points
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Keywords: Biological process; Cellular component; Database accession number; Molecular function; Name; Peptide; Peptide, unique
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 336 data points
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Database accession number; Isoelectric point; Molecular mass; Peptide; Peptide, unique; Peptide sequence; Protein name; Sequence coverage
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4128 data points
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  • 6
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Li, Wei; Gao, Kunshan (2012): A marine secondary producer respires and feeds more in a high CO2 ocean. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 64(4), 699-703, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.01.033
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Climate change mediates marine chemical and physical environments and therefore influences marine organisms. While increasing atmospheric CO2 level and associated ocean acidification has been predicted to stimulate marine primary productivity and may affect community structure, the processes that impact food chain and biological CO2 pump are less documented. We hypothesized that copepods, as the secondary marine producer, may respond to future changes in seawater carbonate chemistry associated with ocean acidification due to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration. Here, we show that the copepod, Centropages tenuiremis, was able to perceive the chemical changes in seawater induced under elevated CO2 concentration (〉1700 µatm, pH 〈 7.60) with avoidance strategy. The copepod's respiration increased at the elevated CO2 (1000 µatm), associated acidity (pH 7.83) and its feeding rates also increased correspondingly, except for the initial acclimating period, when it fed less. Our results imply that marine secondary producers increase their respiration and feeding rate in response to ocean acidification to balance the energy cost against increased acidity and CO2 concentration.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Arthropoda; Behaviour; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, partial pressure, standard deviation; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Centropages tenuiremis; Clark type oxygen electrode (5300A, YSI); Coast and continental shelf; EPOCA; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; Experimental treatment; Feeding rate, standard deviation; Feeding rate of cells per individuum; Filtering rate; Filtering rate, standard deviation; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Identification; Laboratory experiment; Measured; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; pH meter (Mettler Toledo, USA); Phosphate; Respiration; Respiration rate, oxygen, per individual; Respiration rate, standard deviation; Salinity; see reference(s); Silicate; Single species; Species; Temperate; Temperature, water; Zooplankton
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 424 data points
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  • 7
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Gao, Kunshan; Xu, Juntian; Gao, Guang; Li, Yahe; Hutchins, David A; Huang, Bangqin; Wang, Lei; Zheng, Ying; Jin, Peng; Cai, Xiaoni; Häder, Donat-Peter; Li, Wei; Xu, Kai; Liu, Nana; Riebesell, Ulf (2012): Rising CO2 and increased light exposure synergistically reduce marine primary productivity. Nature Climate Change, 2, 519–523, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1507
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Carbon dioxide and light are two major prerequisites of photosynthesis. Rising CO2 levels in oceanic surface waters in combination with ample light supply are therefore often considered stimulatory to marine primary production. Here we show that the combination of an increase in both CO2 and light exposure negatively impacts photosynthesis and growth of marine primary producers. When exposed to CO2 concentrations projected for the end of this century, natural phytoplankton assemblages of the South China Sea responded with decreased primary production and increased light stress at light intensities representative of the upper surface layer. The phytoplankton community shifted away from diatoms, the dominant phytoplankton group during our field campaigns. To examine the underlying mechanisms of the observed responses, we grew diatoms at different CO2 concentrations and under varying levels (5-100%) of solar radiation experienced by the phytoplankton at different depths of the euphotic zone. Above 22-36% of incident surface irradiance, growth rates in the high-CO2-grown cells were inversely related to light levels and exhibited reduced thresholds at which light becomes inhibitory. Future shoaling of upper-mixed-layer depths will expose phytoplankton to increased mean light intensities. In combination with rising CO2 levels, this may cause a widespread decline in marine primary production and a community shift away from diatoms, the main algal group that supports higher trophic levels and carbon export in the ocean.
    Keywords: A4_SCS; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); C3_SCS; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chlorophyll a; Chromista; Coast and continental shelf; DATE/TIME; Duration; E606_SCS; East China Sea; Entire community; Event label; Figure; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Growth rate, standard deviation; In situ sampler; Irradiance; Irradiance, standard deviation; ISS; Laboratory experiment; LE04_SCS; Light; Non photochemical quenching; Non photochemical quenching, standard deviation; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Ochrophyta; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Phaeodactylum tricornutum; Phosphate; Phytoplankton; PN07_ECS; Potentiometric; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Primary production of carbon; Primary production of carbon, per chlorophyll a; Primary production of carbon, per volume of seawater; Primary production of carbon, standard deviation; Salinity; Season; SEATS_SCS; Single species; Skeletonema costatum; South China Sea; Species; Temperate; Temperature, water; Thalassiosira pseudonana; Time of day; Treatment; Tropical; Yield ratio
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 17109 data points
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  • 8
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Li, Wei; Gao, Kunshan; Beardall, John (2012): Interactive Effects of Ocean Acidification and Nitrogen-Limitation on the Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. PLoS ONE, 7(12), e51590, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051590
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Climate change is expected to bring about alterations in the marine physical and chemical environment that will induce changes in the concentration of dissolved CO2 and in nutrient availability. These in turn are expected to affect the physiological performance of phytoplankton. In order to learn how phytoplankton respond to the predicted scenario of increased CO2 and decreased nitrogen in the surface mixed layer, we investigated the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum as a model organism. The cells were cultured in both low CO2 (390 µatm) and high CO2 (1000 µatm) conditions at limiting (10 µmol/L) or enriched (110 µmol/L) nitrate concentrations. Our study shows that nitrogen limitation resulted in significant decreases in cell size, pigmentation, growth rate and effective quantum yield of Phaeodactylum tricornutum, but these parameters were not affected by enhanced dissolved CO2 and lowered pH. However, increased CO2 concentration induced higher rETRmax and higher dark respiration rates and decreased the CO2 or dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) affinity for electron transfer (shown by higher values for K1/2 DIC or K1/2 CO2). Furthermore, the elemental stoichiometry (carbon to nitrogen ratio) was raised under high CO2 conditions in both nitrogen limited and nitrogen replete conditions, with the ratio in the high CO2 and low nitrate grown cells being higher by 45% compared to that in the low CO2 and nitrate replete grown ones. Our results suggest that while nitrogen limitation had a greater effect than ocean acidification, the combined effects of both factors could act synergistically to affect marine diatoms and related biogeochemical cycles in future oceans.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, reciprocal of photosynthetic affinity value; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, reciprocal of photosynthetic affinity value, standard deviation; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, reciprocal of photosynthetic affinity value; Carbon dioxide, reciprocal of photosynthetic affinity value, standard deviation; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Carotenoids, standard deviation; Carotenoids per cell; Cell biovolume; Cell biovolume, standard deviation; Cell counts, percent of total; Cell counts, standard deviation; Cell size; Cell size, standard deviation; Chlorophyll a, standard deviation; Chlorophyll a per cell; Chlorophyll c, standard deviation; Chlorophyll c per cell; Chromista; Coulometric titration; Effective quantum yield; Effective quantum yield, standard deviation; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Growth rate, standard deviation; Identification; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Macro-nutrients; Maximal electron transport rate, relative; Maximal electron transport rate, relative, standard deviation; Maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II; Maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II, standard deviation; Nitrogen, organic, particulate, per cell; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Ochrophyta; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate organic carbon content per cell, standard deviation; Particulate organic nitrogen per cell, standard deviation; pH; pH, standard deviation; Phaeodactylum tricornutum; Photochemical efficiency; Photochemical efficiency, standard deviation; Phytoplankton; Potentiometric; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Respiration; Respiration rate, oxygen, per cell; Respiration rate, oxygen, per chlorophyll a; Respiration rate, oxygen, standard deviation; Salinity; Single species; Species; Spectrophotometric; Temperature, water; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 29292 data points
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2012-01-18
    Description: In order to improve the performance of the Hefei Light Source (HLS), in particular to get higher brilliance synchrotron radiation and increase the number of straight section insertion devices, an upgrade project called HLSII will be launched soon. The storage ring lattice, which has a double bend achromatic structure with four periods, comprises eight dipoles, 32 quadrupoles and 32 combined function sextupoles. The design and analysis of the magnets are shown in this paper, along with the optimization of the multipurpose combined function magnet, which consists of three magnets: skew quadrupole, horizontal dipole and vertical dipole, with the main sextupole magnet. This type of magnet is the first one that has been designed and used in China. The mechanical design and fabrication procedures for the magnets are also presented.
    Print ISSN: 1674-1137
    Topics: Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2014-02-20
    Description: Based on real data, a new parameterized model of the main drift chamber response is proposed. In this model, we tune the ratio of good hits and the residual distribution separately. By data quality checking, the difference between simulation and data in track reconstruction efficiency reduces from 1% to 0.5% averagely for the pion in J/ψ → π + π − π 0 , and the momentum resolution agreement improves significantly for the proton in J/ψ → pp̄.
    Print ISSN: 1674-1137
    Topics: Physics
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