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  • 2010-2014  (2)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2014-04-27
    Description: Alumina washcoated cordierite monoliths are prepared to investigate the effects of the preparation process factors on the mechanical stability of monolithic catalysts. It is shown that the agent for pretreating substrates, properties of the washcoating solution (solid content, additive, and amount of additive), and washcoating times all have great effects on the washcoat loading and on the washcoat adhesion and cohesion. There is a great possibility of improving the mechanical stability through the optimization of these factors. If multiple washcoating is performed, the two-time washcoating after calcination is recommended in this case. It is also pointed out that the minor variation of the washcoat loading with monolithic mini-specimen increases the scatter of the washcoat adhesion and cohesion, resulting from fatigue failure of active material. Furthermore, the previously proposed mechanical failure mechanism is confirmed to be an effective tool to factors analysis of the mechanical stability of cordierite monolithic catalysts. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2014
    Print ISSN: 0001-1541
    Electronic ISSN: 1547-5905
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2013-02-14
    Description: The biochemical response to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a strong predictor of long-term outcome and thus facilitates the rapid identification of patients needing new therapeutic approaches. Numerous criteria for predicting outcome of treatment have been studied based on biochemical response to UDCA at 1 year. We sought to determine whether an earlier biochemical response at 3 or 6 months could as efficiently identify patients at risk of poor outcome, as defined by liver-related death, liver transplantation, and complications of cirrhosis. We analyzed the prospectively collected data of 187 patients with a median follow-up of 5.8 years (range: 1.3–14 years). The survival rates without adverse outcome at 5 years and 10 years were 86% and 63%. Under UDCA therapy, laboratory liver parameters experienced a most prominent improvement in the first 3 months (P 〈 0.0001) and then stayed relatively stable for the following months. The Paris, Barcelona, Toronto, and Ehime, but not the Rotterdam definition applied at 3, 6, and 12 months significantly discriminated the patients in terms of long-term outcome. Compared to biochemical responses evaluated after 1 year of UDCA therapy, biochemical responses at the third month demonstrated higher positive predictive value (PPV) but lower negative predictive value (NPV) and increased negative likelihood ratio (NLR) by all definitions; biochemical responses at the sixth month showed higher or the same PPV and NPV and lower NLR by all definitions. Conclusion : For the previously published criteria, biochemical responses at the sixth month can be used in place of those evaluated after 1 year of UDCA therapy. Our findings justify a more rapid identification of patients who need new therapeutic approaches. (H EPATOLOGY 2013.)
    Print ISSN: 0270-9139
    Electronic ISSN: 1527-3350
    Topics: Medicine
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