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  • 1
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    More than one dynamic crossover in protein hydration water [Applied Physical Sciences] (2011)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-12-14
    Description: Studies of liquid water in its supercooled region have helped us better understand the structure and behavior of water. Bulk water freezes at its homogeneous nucleation temperature (approximately 235 K), but protein hydration water avoids this crystallization because each water molecule binds to a protein. Here, we study the dynamics of the hydrogen bond (HB) network of a percolating layer of water molecules and compare the measurements of a hydrated globular protein with the results of a coarse-grained model that successfully reproduces the properties of hydration water. Using dielectric spectroscopy, we measure the temperature dependence of the relaxation time of proton charge fluctuations. These fluctuations are associated with the dynamics of the HB network of water molecules adsorbed on the protein surface. Using Monte Carlo simulations and mean-field calculations, we study the dynamics and thermodynamics of the model. Both experimental and model analyses are consistent with the interesting possibility of two dynamic crossovers, (i) at approximately 252 K and (ii) at approximately 181 K. Because the experiments agree with the model, we can relate the two crossovers to the presence at ambient pressure of two specific heat maxima. The first is caused by fluctuations in the HB formation, and the second, at a lower temperature, is due to the cooperative reordering of the HB network.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 2
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    A human mitochondrial poly(A) polymerase mutation reveals the complexities of post-transcriptional mitochondrial gene expression (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-07
    Description: The p.N478D missense mutation in human mitochondrial poly(A) polymerase (mtPAP) has previously been implicated in a form of spastic ataxia with optic atrophy. In this study, we have investigated fibroblast cell lines established from family members. The homozygous mutation resulted in the loss of polyadenylation of all mitochondrial transcripts assessed; however, oligoadenylation was retained. Interestingly, this had differential effects on transcript stability that were dependent on the particular species of transcript. These changes were accompanied by a severe loss of oxidative phosphorylation complexes I and IV, and perturbation of de novo mitochondrial protein synthesis. Decreases in transcript polyadenylation and in respiratory chain complexes were effectively rescued by overexpression of wild-type mtPAP. Both mutated and wild-type mtPAP localized to the mitochondrial RNA-processing granules thereby eliminating mislocalization as a cause of defective polyadenylation. In vitro polyadenylation assays revealed severely compromised activity by the mutated protein, which generated only short oligo(A) extensions on RNA substrates, irrespective of RNA secondary structure. The addition of LRPPRC/SLIRP, a mitochondrial RNA-binding complex, enhanced activity of the wild-type mtPAP resulting in increased overall tail length. The LRPPRC/SLIRP effect although present was less marked with mutated mtPAP, independent of RNA secondary structure. We conclude that (i) the polymerase activity of mtPAP can be modulated by the presence of LRPPRC/SLIRP, (ii) N478D mtPAP mutation decreases polymerase activity and (iii) the alteration in poly(A) length is sufficient to cause dysregulation of post-transcriptional expression and the pathogenic lack of respiratory chain complexes.
    Print ISSN: 0964-6906
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2083
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 3
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    GEMS: Underwater spectrometer for long-term radioactivity measurements (2011)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: GEMS (Gamma Energy Marine Spectrometer) is a prototype of an autonomous radioactivity sensor for underwater measurements, developed in the framework for a development of a submarine telescope for neutrino detection (KM3NeT Design Study Project). The spectrometer is highly sensitive to gamma rays produced by 40K decays but it can detect other natural (e.g., 238U,232Th) and anthropogenic radio-nuclides (e.g., 137Cs). GEMS was firstly tested and calibrated in the laboratory using known sources and it was successfully deployed for a long-term (6 months) monitoring at a depth of 3200 m in the Ionian Sea (Capo Passero, offshore Eastern Sicily). The instrument recorded data for the whole deployment period within the expected specifications. This monitoring provided, for the first time, a continuous time-series of radioactivity in deep-sea.
    Description: Published
    Description: S145–S147
    Description: 1.8. Osservazioni di geofisica ambientale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: NaI(Tl) sensor ; Underwater spectrometer ; Marine radioactivity ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring ; 05. General::05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest::05.04.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    NEMO-SN1 Abyssal Cabled Observatory in the Western Ionian Sea (2012)
    IEEE / Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Incorporated
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-24
    Description: The “NEutrino Mediterranean Observatory - Submarine Network 1” (NEMO-SN1) seafloor observatory is located in the central Mediterranean Sea, Western Ionian Sea, off Eastern Sicily (Southern Italy) at 2100 m water depth, 25 km from the harbour of the city of Catania. It is a prototype of a cabled deep-sea multiparameter observatory and the first one operating with real-time data transmission in Europe since 2005. NEMO-SN1 is also the first-established node of the “European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water column Observatory” (EMSO, http://www.emso-eu.org), one of the incoming European large-scale research infrastructures included in the Roadmap of the “European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures” (ESFRI, http://cordis.europa.eu/esfri/roadmap.htm) since 2006. EMSO will specifically address long-term monitoring of environmental processes related to Marine Ecosystems, Climate Change and Geo-hazards. NEMO-SN1 has been deployed and developed over the last decade thanks to Italian funding and to the EC project “European Seas Observatory NETwork - Network of Excellence” (ESONET-NoE, 2007-2011) that funded the “Listening to the Deep Ocean - Demonstration Mission” (LIDO-DM) and a technological interoperability test (http://www.esonet-emso.org/). NEMOSN1 is performing geophysical and environmental long-term monitoring by acquiring seismological, geomagnetic, gravimetric, accelerometric, physico-oceanographic, hydroacoustic, bio-acoustic measurements. Scientific objectives include studying seismic signals, tsunami generation and warnings, its hydroacoustic precursors, and ambient noise characterisation in terms of marine mammal sounds, environmental and anthropogenic sources. NEMO-SN1 is also an important test-site for the construction of the “Kilometre-Cube Underwater Neutrino Telescope” (KM3NeT, http://www.km3net.org/), another large-scale research infrastructure included in the ESFRI Roadmap based on a large volume neutrino telescope. The description of the observatory and its most recent implementations is presented. On 9th June, 2012 NEMO-SN1 was successfully deployed and is working in real-time.
    Description: Published
    Description: 358 - 374
    Description: 1.8. Osservazioni di geofisica ambientale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: NEMO-SN1 cabled observatory ; Geo-hazards ; Bio-acoustics ; High-energy astrophysics ; EMSO ; KM3NeT ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.04. Ocean data assimilation and reanalysis ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.07. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
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    Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment (2010)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: GEMS (Gamma Energy Marine Spectrometer) is a prototype of an autonomous radioactivity sensor for underwater measurements, developed in the framework for a development of a submarine telescope for neutrino detection (KM3NeT Design Study Project). The spectrometer is highly sensitive to gamma rays produced by 40K decays but it can detect other natural (e.g., 238U,232Th) and anthropogenic radio-nuclides (e.g., 137Cs). GEMS was firstly tested and calibrated in the laboratory using known sources and it was successfully deployed for a long-term (6 months) monitoring at a depth of 3200 m in the Ionian Sea (Capo Passero, offshore Eastern Sicily). The instrument recorded data for the whole deployment period within the expected specifications. This monitoring provided, for the first time, a continuous time-series of radioactivity in deep-sea.
    Description: In press
    Description: 4.5. Studi sul degassamento naturale e sui gas petroliferi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: NaI(Tl) sensor ; underwater spectrometer ; marine radioactivity ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
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    NEMO-SN1 (Western Ionian Sea, off Eastern Sicily): Example of architecture of a cabled observatory (2012)
    IEEE
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: NEMO-SN1, located in the central Mediterranean Sea, Western Ionian Sea, off Eastern Sicily Island (Southern Italy) at 2100 m water depth, 25 km from the harbour of the city of Catania, is a prototype of a cabled deep-sea multiparameter observatory and the first operating with real-time data transmission in Europe since 2005. NEMO-SN1 is also the first-established node of EMSO (European Multidisciplinary Seafloor Observatory, http://emso-eu.org), one of the incoming European large-scale research infrastructure included since 2006 in the Roadmap of the ESFRI (European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures, http://cordis.europa.eu/esfri/roadmap.htm), which will specifically address long-term monitoring of environmental processes related to Marine Ecosystems, Climate Change and Geo-hazards. NEMO-SN1 has been deployed and developed over the last decade thanks to Italian resources and to the EC project ESONET-NoE (European Seas Observatory NETwork - Network of Excellence, 2007-2011) that funded the LIDO-DM (Listening to the Deep Ocean - Demonstration Mission) and a technological interoperability test (http://www.esonet-emso.org/esonet-noe/). NEMO-SN1 is performing geophysical and environmental long-term monitoring by acquiring seismological, geomagnetic, gravimetric, accelerometric, physico-oceanographic, hydro-acoustic, bioacoustic measurements specifically related to earthquakes and tsunamis generation and ambient noise characterisation in term of marine mammal sounds, environmental and anthropogenic sources. A further main feature of NEMO-SN1 is to be an important test-site for the construction of KM3NeT (Kilometre-Cube Underwater Neutrino Telescope, http://www.km3net.org/), another large-scale research infrastructure included in the ESFRI Roadmap constituted by a large volume neutrino telescope. The description of the observatory and the most recent data acquired will be presented and framed in the general objectives of EMSO.
    Description: Published
    Description: Tokio, 5-8 April 2011
    Description: 4.4. Scenari e mitigazione del rischio ambientale
    Description: 4.6. Oceanografia operativa per la valutazione dei rischi in aree marine
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: NEMO-SN1 cabled observatory ; Geo-hazards ; Bio-acoustics ; High-energy astrophysics ; EMSO ; KM3NeT ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.04. Ocean data assimilation and reanalysis ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.07. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 7
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    Hydrological and Physical Characterization of Cinque Terre Marine Protected Area (Ligurian Sea) and Evaluation of Current Velocity and Direction by AUV Navigation Tracks (2011)
    IEEE
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: An integrated study, concerning the experimental observations, was performed during the oceanographic cruises on-board the two NURC research vessels, in the period between 2008 and 2010 in the Marine Protected Area of Cinque Terre (North-West Mediterranean Sea, Italy). The aim of the research is to describe the environmental features using both hydrological parameters and AUV navigation tracks, acquired respectively by a multi-parametric platform (MEDUSA) and AUV MUSCLE. The innovative contribution of this work is the possibility to evaluate the bottom stream without direct current measurements, but using the navigation data recorded by AUV. This work is a complementary analysis to environmental support of the ENI S.p.A. Exploration and Production Division project.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Seattle, USA
    Description: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Hydrology ; AUV ; Cinque Terre ; Ligurian Sea ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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  • 8
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    Hydrological and Physical Characterization of Cinque Terre Marine Protected Area (Ligurian Sea) and Evaluation of Current Velocity and Direction by AUV Navigation Tracks (2011)
    IEEE
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The integrated study, concerning the experimental observations, was performed during the oceanographic cruises on-board the two NURC research vessels, in the period between 2008 and 2010 in the Marine Protected Area of Cinque Terre (North-West Mediterranean Sea, Italy). The aim of the research is to describe the environmental features using both hydrological parameters and AUV navigation tracks, acquired respectively by a multi-parametric platform (MEDUSA) and AUV MUSCLE. The innovative contribution of this work is the possibility to evaluate the bottom stream without direct current measurements, but using the navigation data recorded by AUV. This work is a complementary analysis to environmental support of the ENI S.p.A. Exploration and Production Division project.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Hydrology ; AUV ; Cinque Terre ; Ligurian Sea ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 9
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    Hydrological and physical characterization of Cinque Terre Marine Protected Area (Ligurian Sea) and evaluation of current velocity and direction by AUV navigation tracks (2011)
    IEEE
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The integrated study, concerning the experimental observations, was performed during the oceanographic cruises on-board the two NURC research vessels, in the period between 2008 and 2010 in the Marine Protected Area of Cinque Terre (North-West Mediterranean Sea, Italy). The aim of the research is to describe the environmental features using both hydrological parameters and AUV navigation tracks, acquired respectively by a multi-parametric platform (MEDUSA) and AUV MUSCLE. The innovative contribution of this work is the possibility to evaluate the bottom stream without direct current measurements, but using the navigation data recorded by AUV. This work is a complementary analysis to environmental support of the ENI S.p.A. Exploration and Production Division project.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Seattle, USA
    Description: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Hydrology ; AUV ; Cinque Terre ; Ligurian Sea ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Oral presentation
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  • 10
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    Detection potential of the KM3NeT detector for high-energy neutrinos from the Fermi bubbles (2013)
    Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-04
    Description: A recent analysis of the Fermi Large Area Telescope data provided evidence for a high-intensity emission of high-energy gamma rays with a E 2 spectrum from two large areas, spanning 50 above and below the Galactic centre (the ‘‘Fermi bubbles’’). A hadronic mechanism was proposed for this gamma-ray emission making the Fermi bubbles promising source candidates of high-energy neutrino emission. In this work Monte Carlo simulations regarding the detectability of high-energy neutrinos from the Fermi bubbles with the future multi-km3 neutrino telescope KM3NeT in the Mediterranean Sea are presented. Under the hypothesis that the gamma-ray emission is completely due to hadronic processes, the results indicate that neutrinos from the bubbles could be discovered in about one year of operation, for a neutrino spectrum with a cutoff at 100 TeV and a detector with about 6 km3 of instrumented volume. The effect of a possible lower cutoff is also considered.
    Description: Published
    Description: 7–14
    Description: 1.8. Osservazioni di geofisica ambientale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Neutrino telescope ; Fermi Bubbles ; KM3NeT ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.05. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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