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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hepatocarcinoma: from pathogenic mechanisms to target therapy
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2011
    In:  Oncology Reviews Vol. 2, No. 4 ( 2011-12-18)
    Details
    In: Oncology Reviews, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 2, No. 4 ( 2011-12-18)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1970-5565 , 1970-5557
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4081/129
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2390305-3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hepatocarcinoma: from pathogenic mechanisms to target therapy
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2011
    In:  Oncology Reviews Vol. 2, No. 4 ( 2011-12-18), p. 214-
    Details
    In: Oncology Reviews, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 2, No. 4 ( 2011-12-18), p. 214-
    Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most prevalent and lethal cancers worldwide. It is currently estimated that there are 14,000–18,000 new cases of hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States each year. It is often difficult to identify individuals at risk for HCC. The main associated diseases are chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis C viral infections. While a significant number of potential mutations have been generated including p53 and Insulin-like Growth Factor, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving the genesis and progression of HCC remain limited. HCC screening is recommended in high-risk patients. High-risk patients include virtually all patients with cirrhosis and some HBV-infected patients irrespective of cirrhosis ( & gt;40 years in men and & gt;50 years in women). A diagnostic approach to HCC has been developed incorporating serology, cytohistology, and radiological characteristics. A precise staging of the disease may help decide on prognosis as well as choice of therapy with the greatest survival potential. Liver transplantation, in theory, is the optimal therapeutic option for HCC; it simultaneously removes the tumor and underlying cirrhosis thus minimizing the risk of HCC recurrence. When it is impossible for this to be performed, percutaneous ablation, chemoembolization, chemotherapy and the newer molecular therapies can be used. Sorafenib is the only drug registered today for the treatment of advanced HCC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1970-5565 , 1970-5557
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4081/oncol.2008.214
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2390305-3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Disparity in the “time to patient access” to new anti-cancer drugs in Italian regions. Results of a survey conducted by the Italian Society of Medical Oncology (AIOM)
    SAGE Publications ; 2011
    In:  Tumori Journal Vol. 97, No. 4 ( 2011-07), p. 442-448
    Details
    In: Tumori Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 97, No. 4 ( 2011-07), p. 442-448
    Abstract: In 2009, the Italian Society of Medical Oncology (AIOM) conducted a survey to describe the impact of regional pharmaceutical formularies on the disparity of access to eight new drugs among cancer patients treated in Italian regions. The survey documented some regional restrictions for some anti-cancer drugs. In the study, we analyzed the “time to patient access” to new anti-cancer drugs in Italian regions. Methods In March 2010, we analyzed the availability of 17 new anti-cancer drugs at a regional level, specifically the coherence of regional authorizations compared with national authorizations approved by the Italian Medicines Agency (AIFA). In the regions with pharmaceutical formularies, we analyzed the characteristics of technical-scientific committees for the evaluation of inclusion of hospital drugs in these formularies. We also analyzed the time from EMA (CMPH) authorization to AIFA marketing authorization, the time from AIFA marketing authorization to patient availability, and the total time from EMA (CMPH) authorization to patient availability of the drugs in all Italian regions, for 11 of these drugs. Results Some drugs were included in all the regional pharmaceutical formularies, without restrictions, whereas other drugs were not included in one and others were not included in more than one formulary. Median time from EMA to AIFA was 11.2 months (range, 2.9–17.1). Median time from AIFA to patient availability was 1.4 months (range, 0.0–50.5) in regions with drug formularies versus 0.0 months in regions without drugs formularies. Median total time from EMA to patient availability was longer in regions with formularies (13.3 months; range, 2.9–65.3) than in regions without formularies (11.2 months; range, 2.9–24.0), where drugs are immediately available after AIFA marketing authorization. Moreover, the interval was very long (range, 2.9–65.3) for some drugs in regions with formularies. Conclusions The analysis confirmed that the presence of multiple hierarchical levels of drug evaluation can create disparity in drug availability for Italian citizens.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0300-8916 , 2038-2529
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/030089161109700405
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 280962-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2267832-3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Impact of use of Oral Anticancer Drugs on Activity of Italian Oncology Practices: Results of a Survey Conducted by the Italian Society of Medical Oncology (AIOM)
    SAGE Publications ; 2013
    In:  Tumori Journal Vol. 99, No. 1 ( 2013-01), p. 35-38
    Details
    In: Tumori Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 99, No. 1 ( 2013-01), p. 35-38
    Abstract: In recent years, the number of oral anticancer drugs used in clinical practice has rapidly increased. The Italian Society of Medical Oncology (AIOM) conducted a survey to describe the impact of the use of oral anticancer drugs on the daily activity of Italian oncology practices. Methods and study design A survey questionnaire was distributed to the coordinators of the regional sections of AIOM. A 6-month period was considered, from January 1, 2010 to June 30, 2010. The survey addressed (1) quantitative aspects of the use of oral anticancer drugs; (2) practical aspects in the management of patients treated with these drugs; (3) issues related to treatment costs and reimbursement procedures. Results Thirty-six questionnaires were received from institutions distributed throughout the Italian territory. Oral anticancer drugs (both chemotherapy and molecularly targeted agents) accounted for a significant proportion (17%) of prescribed treatments. Among the responding institutions, there were different dispensation procedures of oral drugs to patients: drugs were dispensed by the pharmacist (57%) or directly by the medical oncologist (23%) or nurse (20%). The medical oncologist played a major role in the communication with patients (73% alone and a further 24% in cooperation with other professional figures) and was the point of reference in the event of side effects in 97% of cases. In most cases, the reimbursement of drug costs was separated (“File F” procedure) from the flat fare received by the hospital for outpatient visits or day-hospital access. Conclusions Optimal organization of oral anticancer treatment warrants the cooperation and integration of multiple professional figures. At least three figures are involved in patient management in the hospital: the medical oncologist, the nurse, and the hospital pharmacist. Oral anticancer treatments are associated with specific reimbursement issues: in the majority of cases, the cost of the drug is reimbursed separately from the cost of patient access.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0300-8916 , 2038-2529
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/030089161309900106
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 280962-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2267832-3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
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