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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    An update to the Surface Ocean CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 Atlas (SOCAT version 2)
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2014
    In:  Earth System Science Data Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2014-03-07), p. 69-90
    Details
    In: Earth System Science Data, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2014-03-07), p. 69-90
    Abstract: Abstract. The Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT), an activity of the international marine carbon research community, provides access to synthesis and gridded fCO2 (fugacity of carbon dioxide) products for the surface oceans. Version 2 of SOCAT is an update of the previous release (version 1) with more data (increased from 6.3 million to 10.1 million surface water fCO2 values) and extended data coverage (from 1968–2007 to 1968–2011). The quality control criteria, while identical in both versions, have been applied more strictly in version 2 than in version 1. The SOCAT website (http://www.socat.info/) has links to quality control comments, metadata, individual data set files, and synthesis and gridded data products. Interactive online tools allow visitors to explore the richness of the data. Applications of SOCAT include process studies, quantification of the ocean carbon sink and its spatial, seasonal, year-to-year and longerterm variation, as well as initialisation or validation of ocean carbon models and coupled climate-carbon models. Data coverage Repository-References: Individual data set files and synthesis product: doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.811776 Gridded products: doi:10.3334/CDIAC/OTG.SOCAT_V2_GRID Available at: http://www.socat.info/ Coverage: 79° S to 90° N; 180° W to 180° E Location Name: Global Oceans and Coastal Seas Date/Time Start: 16 November 1968 Date/Time End: 26 December 2011
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1866-3516
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/essd-6-69-2014
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 2
    Online Resource
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    Radium isotopes as a tracer of sediment‐water column exchange in the North Sea
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2014
    In:  Global Biogeochemical Cycles Vol. 28, No. 8 ( 2014-08), p. 786-804
    Details
    In: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 28, No. 8 ( 2014-08), p. 786-804
    Abstract: Ra distributions indicate dominant sedimentary Ra source Sediment characteristics and turbulence regime regulate benthic Ra fluxes Ra distributions are reproduced using observed fluxes in a passive tracer model
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0886-6236 , 1944-9224
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/gbc.v28.8
    DOI: 10.1002/2014GB004825
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021601-4
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 13
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  • 3
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    Distinct trends in the speciation of iron between the shallow shelf seas and the deep basins of the Arctic Ocean
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2011
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research Vol. 116, No. C10 ( 2011-10-13)
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 116, No. C10 ( 2011-10-13)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2010JC006835
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2011
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 4
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    On the effects of circulation, sediment resuspension and biological incorporation by diatoms in an ocean model of aluminium*
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2014
    In:  Biogeosciences Vol. 11, No. 14 ( 2014-07-18), p. 3757-3779
    Details
    In: Biogeosciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 11, No. 14 ( 2014-07-18), p. 3757-3779
    Abstract: Abstract. The distribution of dissolved aluminium in the West Atlantic Ocean shows a mirror image with that of dissolved silicic acid, hinting at intricate interactions between the ocean cycling of Al and Si. The marine biogeochemistry of Al is of interest because of its potential impact on diatom opal remineralisation, hence Si availability. Furthermore, the dissolved Al concentration at the surface ocean has been used as a tracer for dust input, dust being the most important source of the bio-essential trace element iron to the ocean. Previously, the dissolved concentration of Al was simulated reasonably well with only a dust source, and scavenging by adsorption on settling biogenic debris as the only removal process. Here we explore the impacts of (i) a sediment source of Al in the Northern Hemisphere (especially north of ~ 40° N), (ii) the imposed velocity field, and (iii) biological incorporation of Al on the modelled Al distribution in the ocean. The sediment source clearly improves the model results, and using a different velocity field shows the importance of advection on the simulated Al distribution. Biological incorporation appears to be a potentially important removal process. However, conclusive independent data to constrain the Al / Si incorporation ratio by growing diatoms are missing. Therefore, this study does not provide a definitive answer to the question of the relative importance of Al removal by incorporation compared to removal by adsorptive scavenging.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4189
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-11-3757-2014
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-11-3757-2014-supplement
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 5
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    Dissolved Fe across the Weddell Sea and Drake Passage: impact of DFe on nutrient uptake
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2014
    In:  Biogeosciences Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2014-02-06), p. 651-669
    Details
    In: Biogeosciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2014-02-06), p. 651-669
    Abstract: Abstract. This manuscript reports the first full depth distributions of dissolved iron (DFe) over a high-resolution Weddell Sea and Drake Passage transect. Very low dissolved DFe concentrations (0.01–0.1 nM range) were observed in the surface waters of the Weddell Sea, and within the Drake Passage polar regime. Locally, enrichment in surface DFe was observed, likely due to recent ice melt (Weddell Sea) or dust deposition (Drake Passage). As expected, in low DFe regions, usually a small silicate drawdown compared to the nitrate drawdown was observed. However, the difference in drawdown between these nutrients appeared not related to DFe availability in the western Weddell Sea. In this region with relatively small diatoms, no relationship between N : P and N : Si removal ratios and DFe was observed. In comparison, along the Greenwich Meridian (Klunder et al., 2011a), where diatoms are significantly larger, the N : P and N : Si removal ratios did increase with increasing DFe. These findings confirm the important role of DFe in biologically mediated nutrient cycles in the Southern Ocean and imply DFe availability might play a role in shaping phytoplankton communities and constraining cell sizes. Over the shelf around the Antarctic Peninsula, higher DFe concentrations (〉1.5 nM) were observed. These elevated concentrations of Fe were transported into Drake Passage along isopycnal surfaces. Near the South American continent, high (〉2 nM) DFe concentrations were caused by fluvial/glacial input of DFe. On the Weddell Sea side of the Peninsula region, formation of deep water (by downslope convection) caused relatively high Fe (0.6–0.8 nM) concentrations in the bottom waters relative to the water masses at mid-depth (0.2–0.4 nM). During transit of Weddell Sea Bottom Water to the Drake Passage, through the Scotia Sea, additional DFe is taken up from seafloor sources, resulting in highest bottom water concentrations in the southernmost part of the Drake Passage in excess of 1 nM. The Weddell Sea Deep Water concentrations (∼0.32 nM) were consistent with the lowest DFe concentrations observed in Antarctic bottom water in the Atlantic Ocean.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4189
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-11-651-2014
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-11-651-2014-supplement
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Dissolved iron in the Arctic shelf seas and surface waters of the central Arctic Ocean: Impact of Arctic river water and ice‐melt
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2012
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 117, No. C1 ( 2012-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 117, No. C1 ( 2012-01)
    Abstract: DFe in the Arctic shelves and surface is linked to fresh water and alkalinity Fluvial input main contributor to high DFe, low alkalinity in central Arctic Remineralization and biological depletion determine DFe in the Arctic shelf seas
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2011JC007133
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2012
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 7
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    The effects of continental margins and water mass circulation on the distribution of dissolved aluminum and manganese in Drake Passage
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2012
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 117, No. C1 ( 2012-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 117, No. C1 ( 2012-01)
    Abstract: To asses the aluminum distribution in Drake Passage To asses the manganese distribution in Drake Passage
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2011JC007434
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2012
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094104-0
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 8
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    Dissolved iron in the Arctic Ocean: Important role of hydrothermal sources, shelf input and scavenging removal : DISSOLVED IRON IN THE ARCTIC OCEAN
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2012
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 117, No. C4 ( 2012-04), p. n/a-n/a
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 117, No. C4 ( 2012-04), p. n/a-n/a
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2011JC007135
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2012
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 9
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    Combined effects of inorganic carbon and light on 〈i〉Phaeocystis globosa〈/i〉 Scherffel (Prymnesiophyceae)
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2012
    In:  Biogeosciences Vol. 9, No. 5 ( 2012-05-29), p. 1885-1896
    Details
    In: Biogeosciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 9, No. 5 ( 2012-05-29), p. 1885-1896
    Abstract: Abstract. Phaeocystis globosa (Prymnesiophyceae) is an ecologically dominating phytoplankton species in many areas around the world. It plays an important role in both the global sulfur and carbon cycles, by the production of dimethylsulfide (DMS) and the drawdown of inorganic carbon. Phaeocystis globosa has a polymorphic life cycle and is considered to be a harmful algal bloom (HAB) forming species. All these aspects make this an interesting species to study the effects of increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations, due to anthropogenic carbon emissions. Here, the combined effects of three different dissolved carbon dioxide concentrations (CO2(aq)) (low: 4 μmol kg−1, intermediate: 6–10 μmol kg−1 and high CO2(aq): 21–24 μmol kg−1) and two different light intensities (low light, suboptimal: 80 μmol photons m−2 s−1 and high light, light saturated: 240 μmol photons m−2 s−1) are reported. The experiments demonstrated that the specific growth rate of P. globosa in the high light cultures decreased with increasing CO2(aq) from 1.4 to 1.1 d−1 in the low and high CO2 cultures, respectively. Concurrently, the photosynthetic efficiency (FV/FM) increased with increasing CO2(aq) from 0.56 to 0.66. The different light conditions affected photosynthetic efficiency and cellular chlorophyll a concentrations, both of which were lower in the high light cultures as compared to the low light cultures. These results suggest that in future inorganic carbon enriched oceans, P. globosa will become less competitive and feedback mechanisms to global change may decrease in strength.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4189
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-9-1885-2012
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-9-1885-2012-supplement
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2158181-2
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  • 10
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    Intermediate frequency band digitized high dynamic range radiometer system for plasma diagnostics and real-time Tokamak control
    AIP Publishing ; 2011
    In:  Review of Scientific Instruments Vol. 82, No. 6 ( 2011-06-01)
    Details
    In: Review of Scientific Instruments, AIP Publishing, Vol. 82, No. 6 ( 2011-06-01)
    Abstract: An intermediate frequency (IF) band digitizing radiometer system in the 100–200 GHz frequency range has been developed for Tokamak diagnostics and control, and other fields of research which require a high flexibility in frequency resolution combined with a large bandwidth and the retrieval of the full wave information of the mm-wave signals under investigation. The system is based on directly digitizing the IF band after down conversion. The enabling technology consists of a fast multi-giga sample analog to digital converter that has recently become available. Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) are implemented to accomplish versatile real-time data analysis. A prototype system has been developed and tested and its performance has been compared with conventional electron cyclotron emission (ECE) spectrometer systems. On the TEXTOR Tokamak a proof of principle shows that ECE, together with high power injected and scattered radiation, becomes amenable to measurement by this device. In particular, its capability to measure the phase of coherent signals in the spectrum offers important advantages in diagnostics and control. One case developed in detail employs the FPGA in real-time fast Fourier transform (FFT) and additional signal processing. The major benefit of such a FFT-based system is the real-time trade-off that can be made between frequency and time resolution. For ECE diagnostics this corresponds to a flexible spatial resolution in the plasma, with potential application in smart sensing of plasma instabilities such as the neoclassical tearing mode (NTM) and sawtooth instabilities. The flexible resolution would allow for the measurement of the full mode content of plasma instabilities contained within the system bandwidth.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0034-6748 , 1089-7623
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.3594101
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2011
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1472905-2
    SSG: 11
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