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  • taxonomy  (9)
  • 2010-2014  (9)
  • 1
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    Phylogenetic circumscription of Arthrographis (Eremomycetaceae, Dothideomycetes) (2014)
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 32 no. 1, pp. 102-114
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Numerous members of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota produce only poorly differentiated arthroconidial asexual morphs in culture. These arthroconidial fungi are grouped in genera where the asexual-sexual connections and their taxonomic circumscription are poorly known. In the present study we explored the phylogenetic relationships of two of these ascomycetous genera, Arthrographis and Arthropsis. Analysis of D1/D2 sequences of all species of both genera revealed that both are polyphyletic, with species being accommodated in different orders and classes. Because genetic variability was detected among reference strains and fresh isolates resembling the genus Arthrographis, we carried out a detailed phenotypic and phylogenetic analysis based on sequence data of the ITS region, actin and chitin synthase genes. Based on these results, four new species are recognised, namely Arthrographis chlamydospora, A. curvata, A. globosa and A. longispora. Arthrographis chlamydospora is distinguished by its cerebriform colonies, branched conidiophores, cuboid arthroconidia and terminal or intercalary globose to subglobose chlamydospores. Arthrographis curvata produced both sexual and asexual morphs, and is characterised by navicular ascospores and dimorphic conidia, namely cylindrical arthroconidia and curved, cashew-nut-shaped conidia formed laterally on vegetative hyphae. Arthrographis globosa produced membranous colonies, but is mainly characterised by doliiform to globose arthroconidia. Arthrographis longispora also produces membranous colonies, but has poorly differentiated conidiophores and long arthroconidia. Morphological variants are described for A. kalrae and our results also revealed that Eremomyces langeronii and A. kalrae, traditionally considered the sexual and asexual morphs of the same species, are not conspecific.
    Keywords: Arthroconidial fungi ; Arthrographis ; Arthropsis ; Eremomyces ; phylogeny ; taxonomy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 2
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    Reassessing Vermisporium (Amphisphaeriaceae), a genus of foliar pathogens of eucalypts (2012)
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 27 no. 1, pp. 90-118
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The genus Vermisporium presently accommodates 13 species, 11 of which are associated with leaf spots of eucalypts in the Southern Hemisphere. Vermisporium is chiefly distinguished from Seimatosporium (Amphisphaeriaceae) on the basis of a short exogenous basal appendage, and the absence of a recognisable apical appendage. Due to the increasing importance of these species in native forests, and confusion pertaining to their taxonomy, a revision of the genus was undertaken based on fresh collections and dried herbarium specimens.\nResults from DNA sequence data analyses of the nrDNA-ITS and 28S nrRNA genes for species of Vermisporium indicated the genus to be a synonym of Seimatosporium. New combinations are introduced in Seimatosporium for several species: S. acutum, S. biseptatum, S. brevicentrum, S. obtusum, S. orbiculare, S. verrucisporum and S. walkeri.\nAn updated key to all species occurring on eucalypts is also provided.
    Keywords: Australia ; Eucalyptus ; foliar pathogen ; Seimatosporium ; taxonomy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 3
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    Introducing the Consolidated Species Concept to resolve species in the Teratosphaeriaceae (2014)
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 33 no. 1, pp. 1-40
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The Teratosphaeriaceae represents a recently established family that includes numerous saprobic, extremophilic, human opportunistic, and plant pathogenic fungi. Partial DNA sequence data of the 28S rRNA and RPB2 genes strongly support a separation of the Mycosphaerellaceae from the Teratosphaeriaceae, and also provide support for the Extremaceae and Neodevriesiaceae, two novel families including many extremophilic fungi that occur on a diversity of substrates. In addition, a multi-locus DNA sequence dataset was generated (ITS, LSU, Btub, Act, RPB2, EF-1\xce\xb1 and Cal) to distinguish taxa in Mycosphaerella and Teratosphaeria associated with leaf disease of Eucalyptus, leading to the introduction of 23 novel genera, \xef\xac\x81ve species and 48 new combinations. Species are distinguished based on a polyphasic approach, combining morphological, ecological and phylogenetic species concepts, named here as the Consolidated Species Concept (CSC). From the DNA sequence data generated, we show that each one of the \xef\xac\x81ve coding genes tested, reliably identify most of the species present in this dataset (except species of Pseudocercospora). The ITS gene serves as a primary barcode locus as it is easily generated and has the most extensive dataset available, while either Btub, EF-1\xce\xb1 or RPB2 provide a useful secondary barcode locus.
    Keywords: Eucalyptus ; multi-locus ; phylogeny ; species concepts ; taxonomy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 4
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    Phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Gliocephalotrichum (2014)
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 32 no. 1, pp. 127-140
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Species in the genus Gliocephalotrichum (= Leuconectria) (Hypocreales, Nectriaceae) are soilborne fungi, associated with post-harvest fruit spoilage of several important tropical fruit crops. Contemporary taxonomic studies of these fungi have relied on morphology and DNA sequence comparisons of the internal transcribed spacer region of the nuclear rDNA (ITS) and the \xce\xb2-tubulin gene regions. Employing DNA sequence data from four loci (\xce\xb2-tubulin, histone H3, ITS, and translation elongation factor 1-alpha) and morphological comparisons, the taxonomic status of the genus Gliocephalotrichum was re-evaluated. As a result five species are newly described, namely G. humicola (Taiwan, soil), G. mexicanum (rambutan fruit from Mexico), G. nephelii (rambutan fruit from Guatemala), G. queenslandicum (Australia, endophytic isolations) and G. simmonsii (rambutan fruit from Guatemala). Although species of Gliocephalotrichum are generally not regarded as important plant pathogens, their ability to cause postharvest fruit rot could have an impact on fruit export and storage.
    Keywords: Gliocephalotrichum ; Leuconectria ; phylogeny ; taxonomy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 5
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    Microcyclospora and Microcyclosporella: novel genera accommodating epiphytic fungi causing sooty blotch on apple (2010)
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 24 no. 1, pp. 93-105
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Recent studies have found a wide range of ascomycetes to be associated with sooty blotch and flyspeck (SBFS) blemishes on the surfaces of pomaceous fruits, specifically apples. Based on collections of such fungi from apple orchards in Germany and Slovenia we introduce two novel genera according to analyses of morphological characters and nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences (large subunit and internal transcribed spacer regions). Microcyclosporella is represented by a single species, M. mali, and is presently known from Germany and Slovenia. \nMicrocyclosporella is Pseudocercosporella-like in morphology, but genetically and morphologically distinct from Pseudocercosporella s.str., for which an epitype is designated based on a fresh collection of P. bakeri from Laos. \nFurthermore, Pseudocercosporella is shown to be paraphyletic within the Capnodiales. Microcyclospora gen. nov. is Pseudocercospora-like in morphology, but is genetically and morphologically distinct from Pseudocercospora s.str., which is based on P. vitis. Three species, Microcyclospora malicola, M. pomicola (both collected in Germany), and M. tardicrescens (collected in Slovenia) are described. Finally, a new species of Devriesia, D. pseudoamericana, is described from pome fruit surfaces collected in Germany. Devriesia is shown to be paraphyletic, and to represent several lineages of which only Devriesia s.str. is thermotolerant. Further collections are required, however, before the latter generic complex can be resolved.
    Keywords: Devriesia ; hyphomycetes ; Malus ; microfungi ; Pseudocercospora ; Pseudocercosporella ; SBFS ; taxonomy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 6
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    Phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Gliocladiopsis (2012)
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 28 no. 1, pp. 25-33
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Using a global set of isolates and a phylogenetic approach employing DNA sequence data from five genes (\xce\xb2-tubulin, histone H3, internal transcribed spacer region, 28S large subunit region and translation elongation factor 1-\xce\xb1), the taxonomic status of the genus Gliocladiopsis (Glionectria) (Hypocreales, Nectriaceae) was re-evaluated. Gliocladiopsis sagariensis is reinstated as type species for the genus, which proved to be distinct from its former synonym, G. tenuis. The purported teleomorph state of G. tenuis, Glionectria tenuis, is shown to be distinct based on morphological comparisons supported by phylogenetic inference, and is provided with a new name, Gliocladiopsis pseudotenuis. A further four species, mostly isolated from soil, are newly described, namely G. curvata (New Zealand, Ecuador and Indonesia), G. elghollii (USA), G. indonesiensis (Indonesia) and G. mexicana (Mexico). Although species of Gliocladiopsis are frequently isolated from roots of diseased plants or plant litter in soil, little is presently known of their ecology, or potential role as plant pathogens.
    Keywords: Gliocladiopsis ; phylogeny ; taxonomy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 7
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    Dissoconiaceae associated with sooty blotch and flyspeck on fruits in China and the United States (2012)
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 28 no. 1, pp. 113-125
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Zasmidium angulare, a novel species of Mycosphaerellaceae, and several novel taxa that reside in Dissoconiaceae, were identified from a collection of apples and Cucurbita maxima (cv. Blue Hubbard) from China and the USA that exhibited sooty blotch and flyspeck (SBFS) signs on their host substrata. Morphology on fruit surfaces and in culture, and phylogenetic analyses of the nuclear ribosomal DNAs 28S and internal transcribed spacer regions, as well as partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene sequences in some cases, were used to delineate seven previously unidentified species and three known species. Pseudoveronaea was established as a new genus of Dissoconiaceae, represented by two species, P. ellipsoidea and P. obclavata. Although Pseudoveronaea was morphologically similar to Veronaea, these fungi clustered with Dissoconiaceae (Capnodiales) rather than Chaetothyriales (Herpotrichiellaceae). Ramichloridium mali comb. nov., and three novel species, R. cucurbitae, R. luteum and R. punctatum were closely related with R. apiculatum, which together formed a distinct subclade in Dissoconiaceae. Species of Dissoconium s.lat. clustered in two well-supported clades supported by distinct morphological and cultural features. Subsequently Uwebraunia, a former synonym of Dissoconium, was resurrected for the one clade, with new combinations proposed for U. australiensis, U. commune, U. dekkeri and U. musae.\nFurthermore, we also reported that D. aciculare, Dissoconium sp., U. commune and U. dekkeri were associated with SBFS on apples.
    Keywords: Hyphomycetes ; Malus ; microfungi ; SBFS ; taxonomy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 8
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    Novel fungal genera and species associated with the sooty blotch and flyspeck complex on apple in China and the USA (2010)
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 24 no. 1, pp. 29-37
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Fungi in the sooty blotch and flyspeck (SBFS) complex cause blemishes on apple and pear fruit that result in economic losses for growers. The SBFS fungi colonise the epicuticular wax layer of pomaceous fruit but do not invade the cuticle. Fungi causing fuliginous and punctate mycelial types on apple are particularly difficult to identify based on morphological criteria because many species in the SBFS complex share the same mycelial phenotypes.\nWe compared the morphology and nuclear ribosomal DNA phylogeny (ITS, LSU) of 11 fungal strains isolated from SBFS blemishes on apple obtained from two provinces in China and five states in the USA. Parsimony analysis, supported by cultural characteristics and morphology in vitro, provided support to delimit the isolates into three novel genera, representing five new species. Phaeothecoidiella, with two species, P. missouriensis and P. illinoisensis, is introduced as a new genus with pigmented endoconidia in the Dothideomycetes. Houjia (Capnodiales) is introduced for H. pomigena and H. yanglingensis. Although morphologically similar to Stanjehughesia (Chaetosphaeriaceae), Houjia is distinct in having solitary conidiogenous cells. Sporidesmajora (Capnodiales), based on S. pennsylvaniensis, is distinguished from Sporidesmium (Sordariomycetes) in having long, multiseptate conidiophores that frequently have a subconical, darkly pigmented apical cell, and very long, multi-euseptate conidia.
    Keywords: Anamorph ; SBFS ; taxonomy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 9
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    Endophytic and pathogenic Phyllosticta species, with reference to those associated with Citrus Black Spot (2011)
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 26 no. 1, pp. 47-56
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: We investigated the identity and genetic diversity of more than 100 isolates belonging to Phyllosticta (teleomorph Guignardia), with particular emphasis on Phyllosticta citricarpa and Guignardia mangiferae s.l. occurring on Citrus. Phyllosticta citricarpa is the causal agent of Citrus Black Spot and is subject to phytosanitary legislation in the EU. This species is frequently confused with a taxon generally referred to as G. mangiferae, the presumed teleomorph of P. capitalensis, which is a non-pathogenic endophyte, commonly isolated from citrus leaves and fruits and a wide range of other hosts. DNA sequence analysis of the nrDNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1, 5.8S nrDNA, ITS2) and partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1), actin and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) genes resolved nine clades correlating to seven known, and two apparently undescribed species. Phyllosticta citribraziliensis is newly described as an endophytic species occurring on Citrus in Brazil. An epitype is designated for P. citricarpa from material newly collected in Australia, which is distinct from P. citriasiana, presently only known on C. maxima from Asia. Phyllosticta bifrenariae is newly described for a species causing leaf and bulb spots on Bifrenaria harrisoniae (Orchidaceae) in Brazil. It is morphologically distinct from P. capitalensis, which was originally described from Stanhopea (Orchidaceae) in Brazil; an epitype is designated here. Guignardia mangiferae, which was originally described from Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae) in India, is distinguished from the non-pathogenic endophyte, P. brazilianiae sp. nov., which is common on M. indica in Brazil. Furthermore, a combined phylogenetic tree revealed the P. capitalensis s.l. clade to be genetically distinct from the reference isolate of G. mangiferae. Several names are available for this clade, the oldest being P. capitalensis. These results suggest that endophytic, non-pathogenic isolates occurring on a wide host range would be more correctly referred to as P. capitalensis. However, more genes need to be analysed to fully resolve the morphological variation still observed within this clade.
    Keywords: Guignardia endophyllicola ; Guignardia mangiferae ; Phyllosticta bifrenariae ; Phyllosticta brazilianiae ; Phyllosticta capitalensis ; Phyllosticta citriasiana ; Phyllosticta citribraziliensis ; Phyllosticta citricarpa ; taxonomy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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