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  • SAGE Publications  (4)
  • 2010-2014  (4)
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  • SAGE Publications  (4)
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  • 2010-2014  (4)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Continuity of Insurance Coverage and Ambulatory Care–Sensitive Hospitalizations/ED Visits : Evidence From the Children’s Health Insurance Program
    SAGE Publications ; 2011
    In:  Clinical Pediatrics Vol. 50, No. 10 ( 2011-10), p. 963-973
    Details
    In: Clinical Pediatrics, SAGE Publications, Vol. 50, No. 10 ( 2011-10), p. 963-973
    Abstract: Objective: To assess the effects of continuity of insurance coverage on treatment of ambulatory-care sensitive conditions (ACSC). Study Population: 42,382 children enrolled in ALL Kids (Alabama Children’s Health Insurance Program) for 3 or more years. Methods: We model annual hospitalizations and ED visits for six ACSCs identified by the AHRQ - bacterial pneumonia, dehydration, perforated appendix, urinary tract infection, gastroenteritis, and severe ear, nose and throat infection. Results: In unadjusted models, we find lower risk of ACSC hospitalizations and ED visits in the second and third years of continuous enrollment. Risk of hospitalization in year 3 was significantly lower for pneumonia (OR 0.608, 95% CI: 0.421-0.878) and gastroenteritis (OR 0.549, 95% CI: 0.404-0.746). These beneficial effects of duration of coverage disappear after controlling for age, year and other enrollee characteristics. Conclusions: Hospitalizations and ED visits for ACSCs are rare and do not decrease with additional years of coverage.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0009-9228 , 1938-2707
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0009922811410229
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066146-0
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Impact of CHIP Coverage on Children With Asthma in Alabama
    SAGE Publications ; 2012
    In:  Clinical Pediatrics Vol. 51, No. 3 ( 2012-03), p. 247-253
    Details
    In: Clinical Pediatrics, SAGE Publications, Vol. 51, No. 3 ( 2012-03), p. 247-253
    Abstract: This study evaluates the impact of coverage in ALL Kids, the Alabama Child Health Insurance Program (CHIP), by examining asthma-related utilization and outcomes among children continuously enrolled for 3 years (N = 1954)with persistent asthma at enrollment. Outcomes and costs were compared for the first, second, and third years of enrollment using repeated measures analysis of variance and controlling for age, gender, and year fixed-effects. Compared with subsequent years, first year enrollment utilization was higher for asthma-related hospitalizations (6% vs 2% vs 2%; P 〈 .0001) and emergency visits (10% vs 3% vs 2%; P 〈 .0001). Also decreasing were asthma-related outpatient visits (1.46 vs 1.12 vs 0.94; P 〈 .0001), quick-relief prescriptions (2.6 vs 2.2 vs 2.1; P 〈 .0001), and long-term control prescriptions (5.8 vs 5.2 vs 4.4; P 〈 .0001). As a result, significant declines in the mean costs per child were observed. Ongoing ALL Kids coverage is associated with improved disease-management and lower costs for persistent asthma.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0009-9228 , 1938-2707
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0009922811420713
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066146-0
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    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Co-payments and the Use of Emergency Department Services in the Children’s Health Insurance Program
    SAGE Publications ; 2013
    In:  Medical Care Research and Review Vol. 70, No. 5 ( 2013-10), p. 514-530
    Details
    In: Medical Care Research and Review, SAGE Publications, Vol. 70, No. 5 ( 2013-10), p. 514-530
    Abstract: Research suggests that more than half of all emergency department (ED) visits in the United States are for nonurgent conditions, leading to billions of dollars in potentially avoidable spending annually. In this study, we examine the effects of co-payment changes on ED utilization among children enrolled in ALL Kids, Alabama’s Children’s Health Insurance Program We separately model the effect of the 2003 co-payment increases on the monthly probability of any ED visit, and visits within three severity categories, using linear probability models that control for beneficiary characteristics and time trends that are allowed to vary in the pre- and postperiods. We observe a small decline in the probability of ED visits 1 year after the co-payment increase. However, low-severity visits, which we hypothesize to be more price sensitive, show no significant evidence of a decline. Our study suggests that the modest co-payment changes were not effective in improving the efficiency of ED utilization.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1077-5587 , 1552-6801
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1077558713491501
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2070248-6
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    Online Resource
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Weighted Average Incorporation of Pollution Costs into the Electrical Expansion Planning
    SAGE Publications ; 2012
    In:  Energy & Environment Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2012-01), p. 1-15
    Details
    In: Energy & Environment, SAGE Publications, Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2012-01), p. 1-15
    Abstract: In this paper we use the WASP-IV model to estimate the impact of internalizing several environmental external costs on the electricity sector's development plan. The major impact of internalizing the external cost is on fuel use. In the current electricity generation system, more natural gas and less coal have been used. A Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) of three scenarios has been performed focusing on taxing only one pollutant and looking at its overall implication. The benefit cost ratio was in the range of 4.32 – 5.57 while the net benefit was estimated to be in the range of 82–341 million USD annually. Greenhouse gases (GHG) contribute about 25% of these estimates hence; ancillary benefits are large enough to justify reducing those gases by between 7–12 percents compared to the baseline projection. We also carried a multi-objective analysis among the different scenarios. The weights were on the 3 pollutants (NOx, SO 2 and PM) and CO 2 . Seven scenarios appear in the non-dominated set. Out of them, five appear in every year and hence policy makers ought to place higher weights on them. Out of those five, two are a single tax on one pollutant. Interestingly, most of the non-dominating strategies carry a 0 weight on CO 2 . This gives another justification to internalize externalities based on only local pollutants and so disregards the debate over the desirability of GHG reduction.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0958-305X , 2048-4070
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1260/0958-305X.23.1.1
    RVK:
    AR 10100
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027365-4
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