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  • Hindawi Limited  (6)
  • 2010-2014  (6)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Modulation of Murine Macrophage TLR7/8-Mediated Cytokine Expression by Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Conditioned Medium
    Hindawi Limited ; 2013
    In:  Mediators of Inflammation Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-13
    Details
    In: Mediators of Inflammation, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-13
    Abstract: Increasing evidence suggests that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play anti-inflammatory roles during innate immune responses. However, little is known about the effect of MSCs or their secretions on the ligand response of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 and TLR8, receptors that recognize viral single-stranded RNA (ssRNA). Macrophages play a critical role in the innate immune response to ssRNA virus infection; therefore, we investigated the effect of MSC-conditioned medium on cytokine expression in macrophages following stimulation with TLR7/8 ligands. After stimulation with TLR7/8 ligand, bone marrow-derived macrophages cultured with MSCs or in MSC-conditioned medium expressed lower levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α and interleukin (IL) 6 and higher levels of IL-10 compared to macrophages cultured without MSCs or in control medium, respectively. The modulations of cytokine expression were associated with prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) secreted by the MSCs. PGE 2 enhanced extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) signaling and suppressed nuclear factor- κ B (NF- κ B) signaling. Enhanced ERK signaling contributed to enhanced IL-10 production, and suppression of NF- κ B signaling contributed to the low production of TNF- α . Collectively, these results indicate that MSCs and MSC-conditioned medium modulate the cytokine expression profile in macrophages following TLR7/8-mediated stimulation, which suggests that MSCs play an immunomodulatory role during ssRNA virus infection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0962-9351 , 1466-1861
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2013/264260
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008065-7
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Emerging Roles of Thyroglobulin
    Hindawi Limited ; 2014
    In:  Advances in Endocrinology Vol. 2014 ( 2014-04-10), p. 1-7
    Details
    In: Advances in Endocrinology, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2014 ( 2014-04-10), p. 1-7
    Abstract: Thyroglobulin (Tg), the most important and abundant protein in thyroid follicles, is well known for its essential role in thyroid hormone synthesis. In addition to its conventional role as the precursor of thyroid hormones, we have uncovered a novel function of Tg as an endogenous regulator of follicular function over the past decade. The newly discovered negative feedback effect of Tg on follicular function observed in the rat and human thyroid provides an alternative explanation for the observation of follicle heterogeneity. Given the essential role of the regulatory effects of Tg, we consider that dysregulation of normal Tg function is associated with multiple human thyroid diseases including autoimmune thyroid disease and thyroid cancer. Additionally, extrathyroid Tg may serve a regulatory function in other organs. Further exploration of Tg action, especially at the molecular level, is needed to obtain a better understanding of both the physiological and pathological roles of Tg.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2356-668X , 2314-7903
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2014/189194
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    CD90- (Thy-1-) High Selection Enhances Reprogramming Capacity of Murine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
    Hindawi Limited ; 2013
    In:  Disease Markers Vol. 35 ( 2013), p. 573-579
    Details
    In: Disease Markers, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 35 ( 2013), p. 573-579
    Abstract: Background . Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), including adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSC), are multipotent and can differentiate into various cell types possessing unique immunomodulatory features. Several clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and possible efficacy of MSCs in organ transplantation. Thus, stem cell therapy is promising for tolerance induction. In this study, we assessed the reprogramming capacity of murine ADSCs and found that CD90 (Thy-1), originally discovered as a thymocyte antigen, could be a useful marker for cell therapy. Method . Murine ADSCs were isolated from B6 mice, sorted using a FACSAria cell sorter by selection of CD 90 H i or CD 90 L o , and then transduced with four standard factors (4F; Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc). Results . Unsorted, CD 90 H i -sorted, and CD 90 L o -sorted murine ADSCs were reprogrammed using standard 4F transduction. CD 90 H i ADSCs showed increased numbers of alkaline phosphatase-positive colonies compared with CD 90 L o ADSCs. The relative reprogramming efficiencies of unsorted, CD 90 H i -sorted, and CD 90 L o -sorted ADSCs were 100%, 116.5%, and 74.7%, respectively. CD 90 H i cells were more responsive to reprogramming. Conclusion . CD 90 H i ADSCs had greater reprogramming capacity than CD 90 L o ADSCs, suggesting that ADSCs have heterogeneous subpopulations. Thus, CD 90 H i selection presents an effective strategy to isolate a highly suppressive subpopulation for stem cell-based tolerance induction therapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0278-0240 , 1875-8630
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2013/392578
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033253-1
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Characterization of Defects and Stress in Polycrystalline Silicon Thin Films on Glass Substrates by Raman Microscopy
    Hindawi Limited ; 2011
    In:  International Journal of Spectroscopy Vol. 2011 ( 2011-10-09), p. 1-14
    Details
    In: International Journal of Spectroscopy, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2011 ( 2011-10-09), p. 1-14
    Abstract: Raman microscopy was applied to characterize polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) on glass substrates for application as thin-film transistors (TFTs) integrated on electronic display panels. This study examines the crystallographic defects and stress in poly-Si films grown by industrial techniques: solid phase crystallization and excimer laser crystallization (ELC). To distinguish the effects of defects and stress on the optical-phonon mode of the Si–Si bond, a semiempirical analysis was performed. The analysis was compared with defect images obtained through electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. It was found that the Raman intensity for the ELC film is remarkably enhanced by the hillocks and ridges located around grain boundaries, which indicates that Raman spectra mainly reflect the situation around grain boundaries. A combination of the hydrogenation of films and the observation of the Si-hydrogen local-vibration mode is useful to support the analysis on the defects. Raman microscopy is also effective for detecting the plasma-induced damage suffered during device processing and characterizing the performance of Si layer in TFTs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-9449 , 1687-9457
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2011/632139
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2514819-9
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of the Environmental Stimuli upon the Human Body in Winter Outdoor Thermal Environment
    Hindawi Limited ; 2013
    In:  Journal of Environmental and Public Health Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-10
    Details
    In: Journal of Environmental and Public Health, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-10
    Abstract: In order to manage the outdoor thermal environment with regard to human health and the environmental impact of waste heat, quantitative evaluations are indispensable. It is necessary to use a thermal environment evaluation index. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between the psychological thermal responses of the human body and winter outdoor thermal environment variables. Subjective experiments were conducted in the winter outdoor environment. Environmental factors and human psychological responses were measured. The relationship between the psychological thermal responses of the human body and the outdoor thermal environment index ETFe (enhanced conduction-corrected modified effective temperature) in winter was shown. The variables which influence the thermal sensation vote of the human body are air temperature, long-wave thermal radiation and short-wave solar radiation. The variables that influence the thermal comfort vote of the human body are air temperature, humidity, short-wave solar radiation, long-wave thermal radiation, and heat conduction. Short-wave solar radiation, and heat conduction are among the winter outdoor thermal environment variables that affect psychological responses to heat. The use of thermal environment evaluation indices that comprise short-wave solar radiation and heat conduction in winter outdoor spaces is a valid approach.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-9805 , 1687-9813
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2013/418742
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2526611-1
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Metastatic Cerebellar Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor with Obstructive Hydrocephalus Arising from the Small Intestine: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
    Hindawi Limited ; 2014
    In:  Case Reports in Oncological Medicine Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-6
    Details
    In: Case Reports in Oncological Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-6
    Abstract: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is defined as a c-kit-positive gastrointestinal, mesenteric, or omental mesenchymal tumor that very rarely metastasizes to the brain. Metastasis to the cerebellum is particularly rare. An 80-year-old man presented with nausea and vomiting with disturbance of consciousness. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed tumor in the cerebellar vermis causing obstructive hydrocephalus. The patient subsequently underwent midline suboccipital craniotomy, and the tumor was totally removed. Immunohistochemical analysis showed tumor cells positive for c-kit and CD34, and cerebellar metastasis of GIST was diagnosed. Postoperative radiotherapy was administered. Following surgery and radiotherapy, the patient developed ileus caused by tumor in the small intestine and underwent laparotomy for tumor removal. Following abdominal surgery, left hemiparesis and consciousness disturbance were noted. Computed tomography showed recurrent large tumor with perifocal edema in the right frontal lobe of the brain. The patient died 3 months after initial craniotomy. Intracranial metastasis of GIST is extremely rare. In cases such as the present, where the condition of the patient rapidly deteriorates and features such as rising intracranial pressure and ileus prevent the use of oral agents, molecular-targeted agents administered by intravenous infusion should be utilized.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2090-6706 , 2090-6714
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2014/343178
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2629911-2
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