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  • Hindawi Limited  (24)
  • 2010-2014  (24)
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  • Hindawi Limited  (24)
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  • 2010-2014  (24)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells and Their Orthopedic Applications: Forging a Path towards Clinical Trials
    Hindawi Limited ; 2010
    In:  Stem Cells International Vol. 2010 ( 2010), p. 1-14
    Details
    In: Stem Cells International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2010 ( 2010), p. 1-14
    Abstract: Mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) are nonhematopoietic multipotent cells capable of differentiating into mesenchymal and nonmesenchymal lineages. While they can be isolated from various tissues, MPCs isolated from the bone marrow are best characterized. These cells represent a subset of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) which, in addition to their differentiation potential, are critical in supporting proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells. They are of clinical interest because they can be easily isolated from bone marrow aspirates and expanded in vitro with minimal donor site morbidity. The BMSCs are also capable of altering disease pathophysiology by secreting modulating factors in a paracrine manner. Thus, engineering such cells to maximize therapeutic potential has been the focus of cell/gene therapy to date. Here, we discuss the path towards the development of clinical trials utilizing BMSCs for orthopaedic applications. Specifically, we will review the use of BMSCs in repairing critical-sized defects, fracture nonunions, cartilage and tendon injuries, as well as in metabolic bone diseases and osteonecrosis. A review of www.ClinicalTrials.gov of the United States National Institute of Health was performed, and ongoing clinical trials will be discussed in addition to the sentinel preclinical studies that paved the way for human investigations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-9678
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4061/2010/519028
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2573856-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Therapeutic Effects of PADRE-BAFF Autovaccine on Rat Adjuvant Arthritis
    Hindawi Limited ; 2014
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-9
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-9
    Abstract: B cell activating factor (BAFF) is a cytokine of tumor necrosis factor family mainly produced by monocytes and dendritic cells. BAFF can regulate the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of B lymphocytes by binding with BAFF-R on B cell membrane. Accumulating evidences showed that BAFF played crucial roles and was overexpressed in various autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This suggests that BAFF may be a therapeutic target for these diseases. In the present study, we developed a BAFF therapeutic vaccine by coupling a T helper cell epitope AKFVAAWTLKAA (PADRE) to the N terminus of BAFF extracellular domains (PADRE-BAFF) and expressed this fusion protein in Escherichia coli . The purified vaccine can induce high titer of neutralizing BAFF antibodies and ameliorate the syndrome of complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) induced rheumatoid arthritis in rats. Our data indicated that the BAFF autovaccine may be a useful candidate for the treatment of some autoimmune diseases associated with high level of BAFF.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6133 , 2314-6141
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2014/854954
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Experimental Study of Local Inner Ear Gene Therapy for Controlling Autoimmune Sensorineural Hearing Loss
    Hindawi Limited ; 2014
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-10
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-10
    Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of gene therapy for treating autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss (ASHL) via local administration of a recombinant adenovirus vector containing the Fas ligand or interleukin IL-10 gene. Guinea pigs were divided into four groups, with different microinjections in the scala tympani. Group A were injected with FasL-EGFP, B with IL-10-EGFP, C with EGFP, and D with artificial perilymph. Seven days later, auditory brain-stem response (ABR) was tested, and the temporal bone was stained and observed by light microscopy. The spiral ligament and basement membrane were observed using transmission electron microscopy. FasL and IL-10 expression were examined using immunofluorescence histochemistry. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the recombinant adenovirus vector in Groups A, B, and C can transfect the stria vascularis, the spiral ligament, the organ of Corti, the spiral ganglion, the region surrounding the small blood vessel in the modiolus, and the cochlear bone wall. Compared with those in Groups C and D, the ABR wave III mean thresholds were significantly lower and the inner ear immunoinflammatory responses in Groups A and B were significantly alleviated. Inhibition of immunoinflammatory response alleviated immunoinflammatory injury and auditory dysfunction. This technique shows potential as a novel therapy for ASHL.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6133 , 2314-6141
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2014/134658
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Multiobjective Optimization Design of a Fractional Order PID Controller for a Gun Control System
    Hindawi Limited ; 2013
    In:  The Scientific World Journal Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-8
    Details
    In: The Scientific World Journal, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-8
    Abstract: Motion control of gun barrels is an ongoing topic for the development of gun control equipments possessing excellent performances. In this paper, a typical fractional order PID control strategy is employed for the gun control system. To obtain optimal parameters of the controller, a multiobjective optimization scheme is developed from the loop-shaping perspective. To solve the specified nonlinear optimization problem, a novel Pareto optimal solution based multiobjective differential evolution algorithm is proposed. To enhance the convergent rate of the optimization process, an opposition based learning method is embedded in the chaotic population initialization process. To enhance the robustness of the algorithm for different problems, an adapting scheme of the mutation operation is further employed. With assistance of the evolutionary algorithm, the optimal solution for the specified problem is selected. The numerical simulation results show that the control system can rapidly follow the demand signal with high accuracy and high robustness, demonstrating the efficiency of the proposed controller parameter tuning method.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1537-744X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2013/907256
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2075968-X
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Development of a Novel Disturbance Observer Based Fractional Order PD Controller for a Gun Control System
    Hindawi Limited ; 2014
    In:  The Scientific World Journal Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-7
    Details
    In: The Scientific World Journal, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-7
    Abstract: Motion control of gun barrels is an ongoing topic for the development of gun control equipment (GCE) with excellent performances. In this paper, a novel disturbance observer (DOB) based fractional order PD (FOPD) control strategy is proposed for the GCE. By adopting the DOB, the control system behaves as if it were the nominal closed-loop system in the absence of disturbances and uncertainties. The optimal control parameters of the FOPD are determined from the loop-shaping perspective, and the Q -filter of the DOB is deliberately designed with consideration of system robustness. The linear frame of the proposed control system will enable the analysis process more convenient. The disturbance rejection properties and the tracking performances of the control system are investigated by both numerical and experimental tests, the results demonstrate that the proposed DOB based FOPD control system is of more robustness, and it is much more suitable for the gun control system with strong nonlinearity and disturbance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2356-6140 , 1537-744X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2014/284636
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2075968-X
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Coping with the Environment: How Microbes Survive Environmental Challenges
    Hindawi Limited ; 2011
    In:  International Journal of Microbiology Vol. 2011 ( 2011), p. 1-2
    Details
    In: International Journal of Microbiology, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2011 ( 2011), p. 1-2
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-918X , 1687-9198
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2011/379519
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2467270-1
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Diagnosis and Treatment of Adrenal Medullary Hyperplasia: Experience from 12 Cases
    Hindawi Limited ; 2014
    In:  International Journal of Endocrinology Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-5
    Details
    In: International Journal of Endocrinology, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-5
    Abstract: Objective . To dissect the characteristics of adrenal medullary hyperplasia (AMH) and share our experience of diagnosis and treatment of AMH. Methods . From 1999 to 2013, 12 cases of AMH have been pathologically diagnosed after operation in our hospital. The clinical characteristics, process of diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis during follow-up of all patients are summarized retrospectively. Results . Four cases were trended to be AMH and 6 cases were trended to be pheochromocytoma before operation; moreover, the other two patients were diagnosed accidentally. All patients, except for the patient with mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma of left kidney by open surgery, experienced a smooth laparoscopic adrenalectomy, including 2 with radical nephrectomy, 10 of which experienced unilateral adrenalectomy, 1 was bilaterally partial adrenalectomy, and the remaining one was unilaterally complete removal and then 2/3 partially contralateral excision. After a medium follow-up of 6.5 years, it demonstrated a satisfactory outcome of 8 cured patients and 4 symptomatic improved patients. Conclusions . AMH presents a mimicking morphology and clinical manifestation with pheochromocytoma. Surgery could be the only effective choice for the treatment of AMH and showed a preferable prognosis after a quite long follow-up.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-8337 , 1687-8345
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2014/752410
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2502951-4
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Effect of Beam Intensity on Temperature Distribution in ADS Windowless Lead-Bismuth Eutectic Spallation Target
    Hindawi Limited ; 2014
    In:  Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-8
    Details
    In: Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-8
    Abstract: The spallation target is the component coupling the accelerator and the reactor and is regarded as the “heart” of the accelerator driven system (ADS). Heavy liquid metal lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) is served as core coolant and spallation material to carry away heat deposition of spallation reaction and produce high flux neutron. So it is very important to study the heat transfer process in the target. In this paper, the steady-state flow pattern has been numerically obtained and taken as the input for the nuclear physics calculation, and then the distribution of the extreme large power density of the heat load is imported back to the computational fluid dynamics as the source term in the energy equation. Through the coupling, the transient and steady-state temperature distribution in the windowless spallation target is obtained and analyzed based on the flow process and heat transfer. Comparison of the temperature distribution with the different beam intensity shows that its shape is the same as broken wing of the butterfly. Nevertheless, the maximum temperature as well as the temperature gradient is different. The results play an important role and can be applied to the further design and optimization of the ADS windowless spallation target.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-6075 , 1687-6083
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2014/984971
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2397941-0
    SSG: 3,6
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Probabilistic Recommendation Method Inspired by Latent Dirichlet Allocation Model
    Hindawi Limited ; 2014
    In:  Mathematical Problems in Engineering Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-10
    Details
    In: Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-10
    Abstract: The recent decade has witnessed an increasing popularity of recommendation systems, which help users acquire relevant knowledge, commodities, and services from an overwhelming information ocean on the Internet. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), originally presented as a graphical model for text topic discovery, now has found its application in many other disciplines. In this paper, we propose an LDA-inspired probabilistic recommendation method by taking the user-item collecting behavior as a two-step process: every user first becomes a member of one latent user-group at a certain probability and each user-group will then collect various items with different probabilities. Gibbs sampling is employed to approximate all the probabilities in the two-step process. The experiment results on three real-world data sets MovieLens, Netflix, and Last.fm show that our method exhibits a competitive performance on precision, coverage, and diversity in comparison with the other four typical recommendation methods. Moreover, we present an approximate strategy to reduce the computing complexity of our method with a slight degradation of the performance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1024-123X , 1563-5147
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2014/979147
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2014442-8
    SSG: 11
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boundary Controllability of a Pseudoparabolic Equation
    Hindawi Limited ; 2013
    In:  Abstract and Applied Analysis Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-6
    Details
    In: Abstract and Applied Analysis, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-6
    Abstract: We deal with the controllability problem for the pseudoparabolic equation by means of boundary controls. Due to the unusual spectrum of this kind of equations, we prove that the null controllability property is false. Furthermore, by the explicit solution, we show that the approximate controllability holds.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1085-3375 , 1687-0409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2013/483053
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2064801-7
    SSG: 17,1
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