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  • Nature Publishing Group (NPG)  (14)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (5)
  • American Physical Society (APS)  (3)
  • American Chemical Society
  • Springer
  • 2010-2014  (22)
Document type
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-05-21
    Description: ABSTRACT Riffle-pool sequences are a common feature of gravel-bed rivers. However, mechanisms of their generation and maintenance are still not fully understood. In this study a monitoring approach similar to the one of Andrews (1979 and 1982) is employed. It focuses on analysing cross-sectional and longitudinal channel geometry of a large floodplain river (Vereinigte Mulde, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany) with a high temporal and spatial resolution, in order to conclude from stage-dependant morphometric changes to riffle and pool maintaining processes. In accordance with Richards (1976a), Andrews (1979 and 1982) among others, pool cross sections of the Mulde River are narrow and riffle cross sections are wide suggesting that they should rather be addressed as two general types of channel cross-sections than solely as bedforms. At high flows, riffles and pools in the study reaches changed in length and height but not in position. Pools were scoured and riffles aggraded, a development which was reversed during receding flows below the threshold of 0.4·Q bf (40% bankfull discharge). An index for the longitudinal amplitude of riffle-pool sequences, the bed undulation intensity or bedform amplitude, is introduced and proved to be highly significant as a form parameter, its first derivative as a process parameter. The process of pool scour and riffle fill is addressed as bedform maintenance or bedform accentuation. It is indicated by increasing longitudinal bed amplitudes. According to the observed dynamics of bed amplitudes, maintenance of riffle-pool sequences lags behind discharge peaks. Maximum bed amplitudes may be reached with a delay of several days after peak discharges. Increasing bed undulation intensity is interpreted to indicate bed mobility. Post-flood decrease of the bed undulation intensity indicates a retrograde phase when transport from pools to riffles has ceased and bed mobility is restricted to riffle tails and heads of pools. This type of transport behaviour is referred to as disconnected mobility. The comparison of two river reaches, one with undisturbed sediment supply, the other with sediment deficit, suggests that high bed undulation intensity values at low flows indicate sediment deficit and potentially channel degrading conditions. It is more generally hypothesised that channel bed undulations constitute a major component of form roughness and that increased bed amplitudes are an important feature of channel bed adjustment to sediment deficit be it temporally during late floods or permanently due to a supply limitation of bedload. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Print ISSN: 0197-9337
    Electronic ISSN: 1096-9837
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2013-03-19
    Description: A randomized comparison of a commercially available portion-controlled weight-loss intervention with a diabetes self-management education program Nutrition & Diabetes 3, e63 (March 2013). doi:10.1038/nutd.2013.3 Authors: G D Foster, T A Wadden, C A LaGrotte, S S Vander Veur, L A Hesson, C J Homko, B J Maschak-Carey, N R Barbor, B Bailer, L Diewald, E Komaroff, S J Herring & M L Vetter
    Keywords: portion controldiabetesobesityglycemic controldiabetes education
    Electronic ISSN: 2044-4052
    Topics: Medicine
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2013-05-03
    Description: EMBO Reports 14, 465 (2013). doi:10.1038/embor.2013.37 Authors: Denise Wätzlich, Ingrid Vetter, Katja Gotthardt, Mandy Miertzschke, Yong-Xiang Chen, Alfred Wittinghofer & Shehab Ismail Defects in primary cilia result in human diseases known as ciliopathies. The retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator (RPGR), mutated in the most severe form of the eye disease, is located at the transition zone of the ciliary organelle. The RPGR-interacting partner PDEδ is involved in trafficking
    Keywords: ciliary traffickingretinitis pigmentosaRPGRArl2/Arl3PDEδ
    Print ISSN: 1469-221X
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-3178
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2012-10-04
    Description: Ciguatoxins activate specific cold pain pathways to elicit burning pain from cooling The EMBO Journal 31, 3795 (2012). doi:10.1038/emboj.2012.207 Authors: Irina Vetter, Filip Touska, Andreas Hess, Rachel Hinsbey, Simon Sattler, Angelika Lampert, Marina Sergejeva, Anastasia Sharov, Lindon S Collins, Mirjam Eberhardt, Matthias Engel, Peter J Cabot, John N Wood, Viktorie Vlachová, Peter W Reeh, Richard J Lewis & Katharina Zimmermann Ciguatoxins are sodium channel activator toxins that cause ciguatera, the most common form of ichthyosarcotoxism, which presents with peripheral sensory disturbances, including the pathognomonic symptom of cold allodynia which is characterized by intense stabbing and burning pain in response to mild cooling. We show that
    Keywords: ciguatoxincold allodyniaNavnociceptorTRPA1
    Print ISSN: 0261-4189
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2075
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2014-07-18
    Description: Article Growing polymer chains are often confined within vesicles in biological systems. Here, the authors study how material properties such as friction, flexibility and thickness affect confined polymer filaments when they grow beyond their equilibrium size, identifying four unique morphologies. Nature Communications doi: 10.1038/ncomms5437 Authors: R. Vetter, F. K. Wittel, H. J. Herrmann
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-1723
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2012-12-18
    Description: We report on the calibration of the one-dimensional hydrodynamic lake model DYRESM to simulate the water temperature conditions of the pre-alpine Lake Ammersee (South-east Germany) which is representative of deep and large lakes in this region. Special focus is given to the calibration in order to reproduce the correct thermal distribution and stratification including the time of onset and duration of summer stratification. To ensure the application of the model to investigate the impact of climate change on lakes, an analysis of the model sensitivity under stepwise modification of meteorological input parameters (air temperature, wind speed, precipitation, global radiation, cloud cover, vapor pressure, and tributary water temperature) was conducted. The total mean error of the calibration results is –0.23 °C, the root mean square error amounts to 1.012 °C. All characteristics of the annual stratification cycle were reproduced accurately by the model. Additionally, the simulated deviations for all applied modifications of the input parameters for the sensitivity analysis can be differentiated in the high temporal resolution of monthly values for each specific depth. The smallest applied alteration to each modified input parameter caused a maximum deviation in the simulation results of at least 0.26 °C. The most sensitive reactions of the model can be observed through modifications of the input parameters air temperature and wind speed. Hence the results show that further investigations at Lake Ammersee, such as coupling the hydrodynamic model with chemo-dynamic models to assess the impact of changing climate on biochemical conditions within lakes, can be carried out using DYRESM. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Print ISSN: 0885-6087
    Electronic ISSN: 1099-1085
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2013-05-09
    Description: Measurements of trace metal ratios in foraminiferal calcite are routinely used to reconstruct paleoceanographic conditions. Analyses using solution-based inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) require dissolution of the entire foraminifer shell. The potential exists for contamination from adherent clays, mineralized coatings, and other diagenetic components that confound the biogenic trace metal signal. We present results from a cleaning experiment on fossil specimens of the planktic foraminifer Orbulina universa that were cracked into several shell fragments and subjected to different cleaning protocols. We use LA-ICP-MS depth profiling to evaluate the effects of reductive, oxidative, and chelating (DTPA) cleaning protocols on shell Mg/Ca and Ba/Ca ratios. Using the natural pattern of intrashell Mg/Ca heterogeneity exhibited by O. universa , we demonstrate that reductive and oxidative cleaning can dissolve shell calcite from available surfaces, although intrashell Mg/Ca minima and maxima are unaffected. High-resolution depth profiles can be used to identify areas of heterogeneous intrashell Ba/Ca, which can be excluded from computations of whole-shell Ba/Ca. The size and density of shell pores plays a major role in the degree of contamination from sedimentary material. We demonstrate an approach for computing whole-shell Me/Ca ratios from LA-ICP-MS depth profiles that accounts for potential contamination and diagenetic overprinting.
    Electronic ISSN: 1525-2027
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2012-10-18
    Description: The EMBO Journal 31, 4085 (2012). doi:10.1038/emboj.2012.257 Authors: Shehab A Ismail, Yong-Xiang Chen, Mandy Miertzschke, Ingrid R Vetter, Carolin Koerner & Alfred Wittinghofer Access to the ciliary membrane for trans-membrane or membrane-associated proteins is a regulated process. Previously, we have shown that the closely homologous small G proteins Arl2 and Arl3 allosterically regulate prenylated cargo release from PDEδ. UNC119/HRG4 is responsible for ciliary delivery of myristoylated cargo. Here,
    Keywords: Arfsciliaprotein traffickingreleasing factorssmall G proteins
    Print ISSN: 0261-4189
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2075
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2013-02-02
    Description: EMBO Reports 14, 199 (2013). doi:10.1038/embor.2012.211 Authors: Emerich Mihai Gazdag, Alexandra Streller, Ina Haneburger, Hubert Hilbi, Ingrid R Vetter, Roger S Goody & Aymelt Itzen
    Print ISSN: 1469-221X
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-3178
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2014-02-28
    Description: Tripartite Tc toxin complexes of bacterial pathogens perforate the host membrane and translocate toxic enzymes into the host cell, including in humans. The underlying mechanism is complex but poorly understood. Here we report the first, to our knowledge, high-resolution structures of a TcA subunit in its prepore and pore state and of a complete 1.7 megadalton Tc complex. The structures reveal that, in addition to a translocation channel, TcA forms four receptor-binding sites and a neuraminidase-like region, which are important for its host specificity. pH-induced opening of the shell releases an entropic spring that drives the injection of the TcA channel into the membrane. Binding of TcB/TcC to TcA opens a gate formed by a six-bladed beta-propeller and results in a continuous protein translocation channel, whose architecture and properties suggest a novel mode of protein unfolding and translocation. Our results allow us to understand key steps of infections involving Tc toxins at the molecular level.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meusch, Dominic -- Gatsogiannis, Christos -- Efremov, Rouslan G -- Lang, Alexander E -- Hofnagel, Oliver -- Vetter, Ingrid R -- Aktories, Klaus -- Raunser, Stefan -- England -- Nature. 2014 Apr 3;508(7494):61-5. doi: 10.1038/nature13015. Epub 2014 Feb 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] Department of Physical Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, 44227 Dortmund, Germany [2]. ; Institut fur Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universitat Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. ; Department of Physical Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, 44227 Dortmund, Germany. ; Department of Mechanistic Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, 44227 Dortmund, Germany. ; 1] Institut fur Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universitat Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany [2] BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-Universitat Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. ; 1] Department of Physical Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, 44227 Dortmund, Germany [2] Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitat Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195 Berlin, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24572368" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: ADP Ribose Transferases/metabolism ; Bacterial Toxins/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Host Specificity ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Models, Molecular ; Neuraminidase/chemistry ; Photorhabdus/*chemistry ; Porosity ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protein Subunits/chemistry/metabolism ; Protein Transport ; Protein Unfolding ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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