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  • Articles  (18)
  • 2010-2014  (16)
  • 1970-1974  (2)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bestimmung von Diacetyl in Apfelwein (1971)
    Springer
    European food research and technology 146 (1971), S. 143-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine rasche und exakte Bestimmungsmethode für Diacetyl in Apfelwein mittels Gaschromatographie der Head-Space-Phase beschrieben.
    Notes: Summary A rapid and exact method is described for determination of diacetyl in cider by means of head space gas chromatography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01882240
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gaschromatographische Bestimmung der höheren Ester in Weindestillat, Weinbrand, Brennwein und Wein (1971)
    Springer
    European food research and technology 147 (1971), S. 207-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es konnte der Nachweis erbracht werden, daß der CS2-Extrakt zur gas chromatographischen Bestimmung der höheren Ester geeigneter ist als der Ätherextrakt. Dies bezieht sich einerseits auf den Aufwand an Material, Arbeit und Zeit, andererseits auf die Genauigkeit und Reproduzierbarkeit, insbesondere hinsichtlich Äthylcapronat. Eine geeignete Methode zur Untersuchung von Weinbrand, Weindestillat, Brennwein und Wein auf ihren Gehalt an höheren Estern wird angegeben.
    Notes: Summary The CS2-extraction for the gas chromatographic analysis of the higher esters was examined and found to be superior to the ether-extraction, concerning, material, performance as well as accuracy and reproductivity, especially ethyl capronate. The exact method for the analysis of brandy, distillate and wine for their content of higher esters is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01877165
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  • 3
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    In vivo expression profile of the antiviral restriction factor and tumor-targeting antigen CD317/BST-2/HM1.24/tetherin in humans [Immunology] (2011)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Human CD317 is an intrinsic immunity factor that restricts the release of enveloped viruses, including the major pathogens HIV and Lassa virus, from infected cells in culture. Its importance for infection control in humans is unclear, due in part to its incompletely defined in vivo expression pattern. CD317 also has been proposed as a selective target for immunotherapy of multiple myeloma. To provide a framework for studies of the biological functions, regulation, and therapeutic potential of CD317, we performed microarray-based expression profiling in 468 tissue samples from 25 healthy organs from more than 210 patients. We found that CD317 protein was expressed to varying degrees in all organs tested and detected in a number of specialized cell types, including hepatocytes, pneumocytes, ducts of major salivary glands, pancreas and kidney, Paneth cells, epithelia, Leydig cells, plasma cells, bone marrow stromal cells, monocytes, and vascular endothelium. Although many of these cell types are in vivo targets for pathogenic viruses, restriction by CD317 or virus-encoded antagonists has been documented in only some of them. Limited cell type–dependent coexpression of CD317 with the IFN biomarker MxA in vivo and lack of responsive stimulation in organ explants suggest that interferons may only partially regulate CD317. This in vivo expression profiling sheds light on the biology and species-specificity of CD317, identifies multiple thus far unknown interaction sites of viruses with this restriction factor, and refutes the concept of its restricted constitutive expression and primary IFN inducibility. CD317's widespread expression calls into question its suitability as a target for immunotherapy.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 4
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    Patterns of widespread decline in North American bumble bees [Ecology] (2011)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-01-12
    Description: Bumble bees (Bombus) are vitally important pollinators of wild plants and agricultural crops worldwide. Fragmentary observations, however, have suggested population declines in several North American species. Despite rising concern over these observations in the United States, highlighted in a recent National Academy of Sciences report, a national assessment of the geographic scope and possible causal factors of bumble bee decline is lacking. Here, we report results of a 3-y interdisciplinary study of changing distributions, population genetic structure, and levels of pathogen infection in bumble bee populations across the United States. We compare current and historical distributions of eight species, compiling a database of 〉73,000 museum records for comparison with data from intensive nationwide surveys of 〉16,000 specimens. We show that the relative abundances of four species have declined by up to 96% and that their surveyed geographic ranges have contracted by 23–87%, some within the last 20 y. We also show that declining populations have significantly higher infection levels of the microsporidian pathogen Nosema bombi and lower genetic diversity compared with co-occurring populations of the stable (nondeclining) species. Higher pathogen prevalence and reduced genetic diversity are, thus, realistic predictors of these alarming patterns of decline in North America, although cause and effect remain uncertain.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 5
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    Novel oral anticoagulants in a real-world cohort of patients undergoing catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    In: Europace
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-10-30
    Description: Aims Experiences with novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) early after atrial fibrillation (AF) catheter ablation are limited and show controversial results. We aimed to assess the longer-term safety, efficacy, and acceptance of NOACs in a large real-world cohort of patients presenting for AF catheter ablation. Methods and results From July 2010 until June 2012, 259 patients undergoing AF catheter ablation were prospectively included. Novel oral anticoagulants were given for at least 3 months post-ablation. Clinical outcome (stroke, thromboembolic events, major bleeding), adverse effects, and drug adherence were assessed at discharge and follow-up. On admission patients were presented with a variety of anticoagulants including 54 patients (21%) already on NOACs prior ablation. After ablation 38% of patients received dabigatran 110 mg, 56% 150 mg, and 6% received rivaroxaban 20 mg. There were four periprocedural thromboembolic and major bleeding complications (1.5%), all in patients without NOACs prior ablation (two on warfarin and two on heparin). During long-term follow-up [311 (199; 418) days] no stroke, systemic embolism, or major haemorrhage could be observed. Uneventful electrical cardioversions and reablation procedures were performed in 27 and 12 patients on dabigatran, respectively. Novel oral anticoagulants were prematurely stopped or switched to another anticoagulant due to side effects or at the preference of the treating general practitioner in 9 and 10 patients, respectively. Conclusion In this prospective observational study, anticoagulation with NOACs following AF catheter ablation was safe and effective at long-term follow-up. Fast onset of action makes NOACs especially attractive in patients without effective anticoagulation on admission and in patients following periprocedural complications.
    Print ISSN: 1099-5129
    Electronic ISSN: 1532-2092
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 6
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    Role of Pak1 in Ras Signaling (2012)
    The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-11-16
    Description: The RAS genes are the most commonly mutated oncogenes in human cancer and present a particular therapeutic dilemma, as direct targeting of Ras proteins by small molecules has proved difficult. Signaling pathways downstream of Ras, in particular Raf/Mek/Erk and PI3K/Akt/mTOR, are dominated by lipid and protein kinases that provide attractive alternate targets in Ras-driven tumors. As p21-activated kinase 1 (Pak1) has been shown to regulate both these signaling pathways and is itself upregulated in many human cancers, we assessed the role of Pak1 in Ras-driven skin cancer. In human squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), we found a strong positive correlation between advanced stage and grade and PAK1 expression. Using a mouse model of Kras-driven SCC, we showed that deletion of the mouse Pak1 gene led to markedly decreased tumorigenesis and progression, accompanied by near total loss of Erk and Akt activity. Treatment of KrasG12D mice with either of two distinct small molecule Pak inhibitors (PF3758309 and FRAX597) caused tumor regression and loss of Erk and Akt activity. Tumor regression was also seen in mice treated with a specific Mek inhibitor, but not with an Akt inhibitor. These findings establish Pak1 as a new target in KRAS-driven tumors and suggest a mechanism of action through the Erk, but not the Akt, signaling pathway. Cancer Res; 72(22); 5966–75. ©2012 AACR.
    Print ISSN: 0008-5472
    Electronic ISSN: 1538-7445
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
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  • 7
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    Nonequilibrium transport through molecular junctions in the quantum regime (2011)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-21
    Description: Author(s): T. Koch, J. Loos, A. Alvermann, and H. Fehske We consider a quantum dot, affected by a local vibrational mode and contacted to macroscopic leads, in the nonequilibrium steady-state regime. We apply a variational Lang-Firsov transformation and solve the equations of motion of the Green functions in the Kadanoff-Baym formalism up to a second orde... [Phys. Rev. B 84, 125131] Published Tue Sep 20, 2011
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 8
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    Stalk Domain-dependent Ligand Binding of NKp30 [Cell Biology] (2012)
    The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-09-08
    Description: The natural cytotoxicity receptors are a unique set of activating proteins expressed mainly on the surface of natural killer (NK) cells. The human natural cytotoxicity receptor family comprises the three type I membrane proteins NKp30, NKp44, and NKp46. Especially NKp30 is critical for the cytotoxicity of NK cells against different targets including tumor, virus-infected, and immature dendritic cells. Although the crystal structure of NKp30 was recently solved (Li, Y., Wang, Q., and Mariuzza, R. A. (2011) J. Exp. Med. 208, 703–714; Joyce, M. G., Tran, P., Zhuravleva, M. A., Jaw, J., Colonna, M., and Sun, P. D. (2011) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108, 6223–6228), a key question, how NKp30 recognizes several non-related ligands, remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the parameters that impact ligand recognition of NKp30. Based on various NKp30-hIgG1-Fc fusion proteins, which were optimized for minimal background binding to cellular Fcγ receptors, we identified the flexible stalk region of NKp30 as an important but so far neglected module for ligand recognition and related signaling of the corresponding full-length receptor proteins. Moreover, we found that the ectodomain of NKp30 is N-linked glycosylated at three different sites. Mutational analyses revealed differential binding affinities and signaling capacities of mono-, di-, or triglycosylated NKp30, suggesting that the degree of glycosylation could provide a switch to modulate the ligand binding properties of NKp30 and NK cell cytotoxicity.
    Print ISSN: 0021-9258
    Electronic ISSN: 1083-351X
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
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  • 9
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    Effect of completion-time windows in the analysis of health-related quality of life outcomes in cancer patients (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-12-19
    Description: Background We examined if cancer patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) scores on the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30 are affected by the specific time point, before or during treatment, at which the questionnaire is completed, and whether this could bias the overall treatment comparison analyses. Patients and methods A ‘completion-time window’ variable was created on three closed EORTC randomised control trials in lung (non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) to indicate when the QLQ-30 was completed relative to chemotherapy cycle dates, defined as ‘before’, ‘on’ and ‘after’. HRQoL mean scores were calculated using a linear mixed model. Results Statistically significant differences ( P  〈 0.05) were observed on 6 and 5 scales for ‘on’ and ‘after’ comparisons in the NSCLC and two-group CRC trial, respectively. As for the three-group CRC trial, several statistical differences were observed in the ‘before’ to ‘on’ and the ‘on’ to ‘after’ comparisons. For all three trials, including the ‘completion-time window’ variable in the model resulted in a better fit, but no substantial changes in the treatment effects were noted. Conclusions We showed that considering the exact timing of completion within specified windows resulted in statistical and potentially clinically significant differences, but it did not alter the conclusions of treatment comparison in these studies.
    Print ISSN: 0923-7534
    Electronic ISSN: 1569-8041
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 10
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    Inhibition of NK Cell Killing by a Soluble Fragment of BAG-6 [Membrane Biology] (2013)
    The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-11-30
    Description: Immunosurveillance of tumor cells depends on NKp30, a major activating receptor of human natural killer (NK) cells. The human BCL2-associated athanogene 6 (BAG-6, also known as BAT3; 1126 amino acids) is a cellular ligand of NKp30. To date, little is known about the molecular details of this receptor ligand system. Within the current study, we have located the binding site of NKp30 to a sequence stretch of 250 amino acids in the C-terminal region of BAG-6 (BAG-6686–936). BAG-6686–936 forms a noncovalent dimer of 57–59 kDa, which is sufficient for high affinity interaction with NKp30 (KD 〈 100 nm). As our most important finding, BAG-6686–936 inhibits NKp30-dependent signaling, interferon-γ release, and degranulation of NK cells in the presence of malignantly transformed target cells. Based on these data, we show for the first time that BAG-6686–936 comprises a subdomain of BAG-6, which is sufficient for receptor docking and inhibition of NKp30-dependent NK cell cytotoxicity as part of a tumor immune escape mechanism. These molecular insights provide an access point to restore tumor immunosurveillance by NK cells and to increase the efficacy of cellular therapies.
    Print ISSN: 0021-9258
    Electronic ISSN: 1083-351X
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
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