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  • 2010-2014  (29)
  • 1975-1979  (2)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hyaluronidase-bound membrane as a biomaterial for implantable fuel cells (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 10 (1976), S. 283-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: A new biomaterial containing covalently bound hyaluronidase was prepared. An application of this enzyme membrane is to improve the performance of an implantable fuel cell. Hyaluronic acid is a contributor to the viscosity of tissue fluids but can be a potential fuel source because of its sugar content. The incorporation of immobilized hyaluronidase would not only contribute to a more available fuel supply by splitting hyaluronic acid but, perhaps more importantly, enhance the rate of mass transport of fuel, O2, and reaction products by reducing the viscosity near the electrode membranes. Hyaluronidase was bound to Sepharose gel and its thermoplastic membrane after activation by cyanogen bromide. Fourteen and 22% of the activities were recovered from the gel and membrane, respectively. The activity of the bound enzyme was stable for six months at 0°C. The addition of hyaluronic acid, 1 mg/ml, to a typical implantable type bioautofuel cell in vitro increased external solution viscosity from 1.1 to 2.5-2.8 cP and reduced voltage output under 10 kΩ by 60% in 3 hr. When the hyaluronidase bound membrane was placed at the anode, viscosity of the glucose-hyaluronic acid solution was lowered to 1.8 cP and the cell output increased to the original level of a glucose-fueled cell in 3 hr. Glucosamine-equivalent released from hyaluronic acid at the electrode was 3.1 mg after 22.5 hr. This represents 90% of the theoretical consumption. Restoration of the cell output was probably a combination of the enhanced transport of fuel, O2 and products, and/or appearance of a new fuel, glucosamine-equivalent.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820100209
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilized enzyme electrodes for the potentiometric measurement of glucose concentration: Immobilization techniques and materials (1979)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 13 (1979), S. 921-935 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Glucose oxidase, catalase, and bovine serum albumin were co-immobilized with glutaraldehyde around a platinum screen or around a single platinum - iridium wire. The potential difference between this dual enzyme electrode and a Ag/AgCl reference electrode was proportional to the logarithm of the glucose concentration over the range from 10 to about 150 mg glucose per 100 ml in buffered solution at pH 7.4 and 37°C. The enzyme electrode responded in serum only if coated with a semipermeable film, such as cellulose acetate, to exclude serum macromolecules. The potentiometric results were similar to those obtained with the two enzymes co-immobilized in polyacrylamide gel around a platinum screen or with only one of the enzymes, glucose oxidase, covalently coupled to a platinum screen. The results so far suggest that these potentiometric enzyme electrodes may have sufficient specificity for glucose for development of a continuous in vivo glucose sensor.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820130610
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
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    Coulomb drag of massless fermions in graphene (2011)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-04-09
    Description: Author(s): Seyoung Kim, Insun Jo, Junghyo Nah, Z. Yao, S. K. Banerjee, and E. Tutuc Using a structure consisting of two, independently contacted graphene single layers separated by an ultrathin dielectric, we experimentally measure the Coulomb drag of massless fermions in graphene. At temperatures higher than 50 K, the Coulomb drag follows a temperature and carrier density dependen... [Phys. Rev. B 83, 161401] Published Fri Apr 08, 2011
    Keywords: Surface physics, nanoscale physics, low-dimensional systems
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 4
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    Phylogenomic analysis of Y. pestis [Evolution] (2013)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-09
    Description: The genetic diversity of Yersinia pestis, the etiologic agent of plague, is extremely limited because of its recent origin coupled with a slow clock rate. Here we identified 2,326 SNPs from 133 genomes of Y. pestis strains that were isolated in China and elsewhere. These SNPs define the genealogy of...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 5
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    Fine-mapping of the 6q25 locus identifies a novel SNP associated with breast cancer risk in African-American women (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-02-06
    Description: The rs2046210 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the 6q25.1 region was identified in a breast cancer genome-wide association study of Chinese women. The SNP has been replicated in European ancestry populations, but replication efforts have failed in African ancestry populations. We evaluated a total of 13 tagging SNPs in the linkage disequilibrium block around rs2046210 in a case-control study of breast cancer nested within the Black Women’s Health Study, which included 1191 cases and 1941 controls. Replication of initial significant findings was carried out in 665 cases and 821 controls of African ancestry from the Women’s Circle of Health Study (WCHS). No significant association was found for rs2046210 in univariate analysis. A new SNP, rs2046211, was significantly associated with reduced risk of breast cancer and was replicated in data from WCHS. In joint analyses that included both SNPs, the rs2046210-A allele was associated with increased risk of breast cancer [odds ratio (OR) = 1.14; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02–1.28], and the rs2046211-G allele was associated with reduced risk (OR = 0.80; 95% CI = 0.67–0.95). Haplotype analysis confirmed these results and showed that the rs2046210-A allele is present in high-risk (rs2046211-C/rs2046210-A) and low-risk (rs2046211-G/rs2046210-A) haplotypes. Our results confirm the importance of 6q25.1 as a breast cancer susceptibility region. We replicated the rs2046210 association, after accounting for the haplotype background that included rs2046211 in African–American women, and we report the presence of a novel signal that is tagged by rs2046211.
    Print ISSN: 0143-3334
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2180
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 6
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    An epigenetic role for PRL-3 as a regulator of H3K9 methylation in colorectal cancer (2013)
    BMJ Publishing Group
    In: Gut
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-03-02
    Description: Objective This study investigated the epigenetic role of PRL-3, a key metastasis gene in colorectal cancer (CRC), as a regulator of histone demethylation and the functions of Jumonji domain-containing protein 1B (JMJD1B) and JMJD2B in the progression of CRC. Methods PRL-3-associated proteins were analysed using functional distribution and category enrichment analysis. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to detect nuclear PRL-3. The relationship between PRL-3 and JMJD1B or JMJD2B and the roles of JMJD1B, JMJD2B and PRL-3 in histone demethylation were determined after these proteins were knocked down using RNA interference. Case–control studies on JMJD1B and JMJD2B in patients with CRC were performed using immunohistochemical analysis. The in vitro functional effects of JMJD2B and JMJD1B were examined further. Results JMJD1B and JMJD2B, two histone demethylases, were enriched among PRL-3-associated proteins. Nuclear PRL-3 was observed in CRC cells and clinical samples of CRC. The expression of nuclear PRL-3 was increased in patients with CRC at more advanced Dukes' stages. PRL-3 was involved in the regulation of histone methylation by affecting the activities of JMJD1B and JMJD2B. A low expression of the JMJD1B protein was positively correlated with the lymph node status (p=0.032), Dukes' classification (p=0.008) and TNM staging (p=0.022) of patients with CRC. A high expression of JMJD2B was positively correlated with the lymph node status (p=0.03), Dukes' classification (p=0.036) and tumour invasion (p=0.003) of patients with CRC. A loss-of-function analysis confirmed that JMJD2B promoted the proliferation, colony formation and migration of human CRC cells. Conclusion Our data reveal a new role for PRL-3 as a key regulator of histone demethylation. JMJD1B seems to be a candidate tumour suppressor and JMJD2B seems to be a potential oncoprotein in the development and progression of CRC.
    Keywords: Colon cancer
    Print ISSN: 0017-5749
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-3288
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by BMJ Publishing Group
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  • 7
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    C/EBPβ promotes BCR–ABL-mediated myeloid expansion and leukemic stem cell exhaustion (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    In: Leukemia
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-03-07
    Description: C/EBPβ promotes BCR–ABL-mediated myeloid expansion and leukemic stem cell exhaustion Leukemia 27, 619 (March 2013). doi:10.1038/leu.2012.258 Authors: Y Hayashi, H Hirai, N Kamio, H Yao, S Yoshioka, Y Miura, E Ashihara, Y Fujiyama, D G Tenen & T Maekawa
    Keywords: C/EBPβBCR–ABLchronic myeloid leukemia
    Print ISSN: 0887-6924
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-5551
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 8
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    Human SLC2A9a and SLC2A9b isoforms mediate electrogenic transport of urate with different characteristics in the presence of hexoses (2012)
    The American Physiological Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-08-16
    Description: Human SLC2A9 (GLUT9) is a novel high-capacity urate transporter belonging to the facilitated glucose transporter family. In the present study, heterologous expression in Xenopus oocytes has allowed us to undertake an in-depth radiotracer flux and electrophysiological study of urate transport mediated by both isoforms of SLC2A9 (a and b). Addition of urate to SLC2A9-producing oocytes generated outward currents, indicating electrogenic transport. Urate transport by SLC2A9 was voltage dependent and independent of the Na + transmembrane gradient. Urate-induced outward currents were affected by the extracellular concentration of Cl – , but there was no evidence for exchange of the two anions. [ 14 C]urate flux studies under non-voltage-clamped conditions demonstrated symmetry of influx and efflux, suggesting that SLC2A9 functions in urate efflux driven primarily by the electrochemical gradient of the cell. Urate uptake in the presence of intracellular hexoses showed marked differences between the two isoforms, suggesting functional differences between the two splice variants. Finally, the permeant selectivity of SLC2A9 was examined by testing the ability to transport a panel of radiolabeled purine and pyrimidine nucleobases. SLC2A9 mediated the uptake of adenine in addition to urate, but did not function as a generalized nucleobase transporter. The differential expression pattern of the two isoforms of SLC2A9 in the human kidney's proximal convoluted tubule and its electrogenic transport of urate suggest that these transporters play key roles in the regulation of plasma urate levels and are therefore potentially important participants in hyperuricemia and hypouricemia.
    Print ISSN: 1931-857X
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-1466
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by The American Physiological Society (APS)
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  • 9
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    Wnt/{beta}-Catenin Mediates Numb Induction by an Anabolic Steroid [Signal Transduction] (2013)
    The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-06-22
    Description: Androgen signaling via the androgen receptor is a key pathway that contributes to development, cell fate decisions, and differentiation, including that of myogenic progenitors. Androgens and synthetic steroids have well established anabolic actions on skeletal muscle. Wnt and Notch signaling pathways are also essential to myogenic cell fate decisions during development and tissue repair. However, the interactions among these pathways are largely unknown. Androgenic regulation of Wnt signaling has been reported. Nandrolone, an anabolic steroid, has been shown to inhibit Notch signaling and up-regulate Numb, a Notch inhibitor. To elucidate the mechanisms of interaction between nandrolone and Wnt/Notch signaling, we investigated the effects of nandrolone on Numb expression and Wnt signaling and determined the roles of Wnt signaling in nandrolone-induced Numb expression in C2C12 myoblasts. Nandrolone increased Numb mRNA and protein levels and T cell factor (Tcf) transcriptional activity via inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3β. Up-regulation of Numb expression by nandrolone was blocked by the Wnt inhibitors, sFRP1 and DKK1, whereas Wnt3a increased Numb mRNA and protein expression. In addition, we observed that the proximal promoter of the Numb gene had functional Tcf binding elements to which β-catenin was recruited in a manner enhanced by both nandrolone and Wnt3a. Moreover, site-directed mutagenesis indicated that the Tcf binding sites in the Numb promoter are required for the nandrolone-induced Numb transcriptional activation in this cell line. These results reveal a novel molecular mechanism underlying up-regulation of Numb transcription with a critical role for increased canonical Wnt signaling. In addition, the data identify Numb as a novel target gene of the Wnt signaling pathway by which Wnts would be able to inhibit Notch signaling.
    Print ISSN: 0021-9258
    Electronic ISSN: 1083-351X
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
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  • 10
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    A KRAS variant is a biomarker of poor outcome, platinum chemotherapy resistance and a potential target for therapy in ovarian cancer (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    In: Oncogene
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-10-19
    Description: A KRAS variant is a biomarker of poor outcome, platinum chemotherapy resistance and a potential target for therapy in ovarian cancer Oncogene 31, 4559 (18 October 2012). doi:10.1038/onc.2011.539 Authors: E S Ratner, F K Keane, R Lindner, R A Tassi, T Paranjape, M Glasgow, S Nallur, Y Deng, L Lu, L Steele, S Sand, R-U Muller, E Bignotti, S Bellone, M Boeke, X Yao, S Pecorelli, A Ravaggi, D Katsaros, D Zelterman, M C Cristea, H Yu, T J Rutherford, J N Weitzel, S L Neuhausen, P E Schwartz, F J Slack, A D Santin & J B Weidhaas
    Keywords: platinum resistanceKRAS variantovarian canceroutcome
    Print ISSN: 0950-9232
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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