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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Chemistry of materials 6 (1994), S. 943-946 
    ISSN: 1520-5002
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 24 (1991), S. 6037-6039 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 31 (1993), S. 205-211 
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Keywords: Intrinsic viscosities ; osmotic pressures ; unperturbed dimensions ; characteristic ratio ; chain stiffness ; poly(tetramethyl-p-silphenylene-siloxane)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Experimental values of the characteristic ratio of the unperturbed dimensions of poly (tetramethyl-p-silphenylene-siloxane) were obtained from intrinsic viscosities and osmotic pressures. It was found that the characteristic ratio of this polymer is 1.55±0.30 when the phenylene group is treated as a virtual bond, and 4.51±0.40 when the individual bonds in the phenylene group are taken into account separately. This value is unexpectedly low, considering the usual stiffening effect of the p-phenylene group. Apparently this group can also have a “buffering” effect which decreases stiffness, by reducing interactions among the atoms or groups preceding it and succeeding it along the chain backbone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 31 (1993), S. 323-330 
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Keywords: aromatic polyamides ; silica ; sol-gel process ; organic-inorganic hybrid materials ; gelation ; thermogravimetric analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary A new kind of organic-inorganic hybrid composite was prepared by means of the sol-gel process. The polymer employed was a mixed-isomer aromatic polyamide having good solubility and thermal stability. The silica constituting the inorganic phase was produced by the hydrolysis and condensation of tetramethoxysilane. The bonding between the phases involved aminophenyl-trimethoxysilane, in which the amino group can react with the phthaloyl chloride end-capped polymer, and the methoxysilane groups undergo hydrolysis. The composition of these composites was varied by changing the linear polymer chain length and relative amount of tetramethoxysilane. The gelation time was found to range from a few minutes to several days. Thermogravimetric analyses showed that decomposition starts at approximately 450 °C. Thin films cast from materials having a relatively high silica content were opaque and rigid, but those with low silica content were flexible and transparent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 30 (1992), S. 801-807 
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: networks of uni- and bimodal PDMS in shear ; stress-strain relations in uni- and bimodal networks of PDMS ; poly(dimethylsiloxane) networks, uni- and bimodal, shear modulus in ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Model networks of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) were prepared by tetrafunctionally endlinking hydroxyl-terminated chains of various molecular weights. Some networks were prepared from mixtures of chains so as to yield a bimodal distribution of network chain lengths and, in some cases, these networks were prepared in solution. The stress-strain behavior of these unimodal and bimodal networks was studied in pure shear, which was imposed by stretching a sheet of the network having a large ratio of width to length in the direction perpendicular to the width. The pure-shear moduli of both types of networks generally were found to depend markedly on strain. Stress-strain isotherms for unimodal networks prepared from chains of one or the other of two molecular weights were well interpreted using the constrained-junction model of Flory and Erman. The bimodal networks showed large increases in the pure-shear modulus at high strains which were similar to those reported for uniaxial extension and compression. Endlinking in solution decreases the modulus in general and its upturn in particular, presumably because of diminished chain-junction entangling.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 51 (1994), S. 145-151 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Thermoplastic elastomers based on poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) were studied by bending-creep measurements. The dependence of the creep compliance on the composition of the block copolymer was determined, and the experimental results were compared with calculated results to obtain a better understanding of structure-property relationships for this class of materials. The hard PBT domains in the rubbery PEG matrix make a large contribution to the mechanical strength and hardness, presumably serving as reinforcing fillers as well as cross-links. Relaxation effects were found to decrease significantly with increase in hard-segment content. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2014-11-05
    Description: Unsupervised synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image segmentation is a fundamental preliminary processing step required for sea area detection in military applications. The purpose of this step is to classify large image areas into different segments to assist with identification of the sea area and the ship target within the image. The recently proposed triplet Markov field (TMF) model has been successfully used for segmentation of nonstationary SAR images. This letter presents a hierarchical TMF model in the discrete wavelet domain of unsupervised SAR image segmentation for sea area detection, which we have named the wavelet hierarchical TMF (WHTMF) model. The WHTMF model can precisely capture the global and local image characteristics in the two-pass computation of posterior distribution. The multiscale likelihood and the multiscale energy function are constructed to capture the intrascale and intrascale dependencies in a random field (). To model the SAR data related to radar backscattering sources, the Gaussian distribution is utilized. The effectiveness of the proposed model for SAR image segmentation is evaluated using synthesized and real SAR data.
    Print ISSN: 1026-0226
    Electronic ISSN: 1607-887X
    Topics: Mathematics
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2014-07-24
    Description: Background: The domestic goat (Capra hircus), an important livestock species, belongs to a clade of Ruminantia, Bovidae, together with cattle, buffalo and sheep. The history of genome evolution and chromosomal rearrangements on a small scale in ruminants remain speculative. Recently completed goat genome sequence was released but is still in a draft stage. The draft sequence used a variety of assembly packages, as well as a radiation hybrid (RH) map of chromosome 1 as part of its validation. Results: Using an improved RH mapping pipeline, whole-genome dense maps of 45,953 SNP markers were constructed with statistical confidence measures and the saturated maps provided a fine map resolution of approximate 65 kb. Linking RH maps to the goat sequences showed that the assemblies of scaffolds/super-scaffolds were globally accurate. However, we observed certain flaws linked to the process of anchoring chromosome using conserved synteny with cattle. Chromosome assignments, long-range order, and orientation of the scaffolds were reassessed in an updated genome sequence version. We also present new results exploiting the updated goat genome sequence to understand genomic rearrangements and chromosome evolution between mammals during species radiations. The sequence architecture of rearrangement sites between the goat and cattle genomes presented abundant segmental duplication on regions of goat chromosome 9 and 14, as well as new insertions in homologous cattle genome regions. This complex interplay between duplicated sequences and Robertsonian translocations highlights the rearrangement mechanism of centromeric nonallelic homologous recombination (NAHR) in mammals. We observed that species-specific shifts in ANKRD26 gene duplication are coincident with breakpoint reuse in divergent lineages and this gene family may play a role in chromosome stabilization in chromosome evolution. Conclusions: We generated dense maps of the complete whole goat genome. The chromosomal maps allowed us to anchor and orientate assembled genome scaffolds along the chromosomes, annotate chromosome rearrangements and thereby get a better understanding of the genome evolution of ruminants and other mammals.
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2164
    Topics: Biology
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2012-11-29
    Description: The 26th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems, will be held in Beijing, China, 19–23 August 2012. It is jointly organized by Tsinghua University, State Key Laboratory of Hydro Science and Hydraulic Engineering, China, Jiangsu University, Xi'an University of Technology, China Agricultural University, National Engineering Research Center of Hydropower Equipment and Dongfang Electric Machinery Co., Ltd. It is the second time that China hosts such a symposium. By the end of 2011, the China electrical power system had a total of 1 050 GW installed power, out of which 220 GW was in hydropower plants. The energy produced in hydropower facilities was 662.6 TWh from a total of 4,720 TWh electrical energy production in 2011. Moreover, in 2020, new hydropower capacities are going to be developed, with a total of 180 GW installed power and an estimated 708 TWh/year energy production. And in 2011, the installed power of pumped storage stations was about 25GW. In 2020,...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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