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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photovoltaic transistors based on a steady-state internal polarization effect in asymmetric semiconductor superlattices (1991)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 59 (1991), S. 393-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In semiconductor superlattices lacking the reflection symmetry, transient internal polarization fields have previously been reported. We show that a modified structure can generate a steady-state photovoltage. We then propose a new class of photovoltaic transistors in which this voltage directly controls the conductivity of the transistor channel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.105441
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantum chemical studies on the bonding characteristics of some M3X4 transition-metal halogenide clusters (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of cluster science 5 (1994), S. 505-521 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8862
    Keywords: Niobium ; molybdenum ; incomplete cubane ; ab initio ; sulfide ; selenide ; halide ligands
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Ab initio calculations with effective core potentials have been performed on the trinuclear incomplete cubane-type cores in some cluster compounds with halogen as the bridging atoms. By comparison with the bonding and electronic structures of analogous chalcogenides of M3O n S 4−n 4+ and M3O n Se 4− 4+ the metal-metal bonding, metal-ligand bonding and the electronic characteristics of halogenide clusters of Nb3CI 4 3+ , M3OCl 3 5+ (M = Mo, W), Mo3OBr 3 5+ , M3Cl 4 5+ (M = Nb, Ta), and Cu3I 4 − are discussed in terms of delocalized and localized molecular orbitals. One three-centered two-electronσ bond has been found to exist among the three skeletal metals in the clusters having eight skeletal electrons. The reason why these transition-metal halides do not show the so-called quasi-aromatic (i.e. benzene-like) character is attributed to the lack of strongd − pπ bonding in the puckeredM 3(µ−X)3 six-membered rings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01171382
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    γ-Hydroxybutyric acid binding sites: Interaction with the GABA-benzodiazepine-picrotoxin receptor complex (1992)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 17 (1992), S. 201-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Keywords: Gamma hydroxybutyrate ; GABA receptor ; binding ; pentobarbital ; pentylenetetrazole ; picrotoxin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of three compounds known to allosterically modulate binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine/picrotoxin receptor complex on 4-hydroxy-2,3 [3H]butyric acid (GHB) binding was investigated. Pentobarbital, pentylenetetrazole, and picrotoxin enhanced [3H]GHB binding in a dose dependent fashion. Pentobarbital enhanced 4-hydroxy-2,3 [3H]butyric acid binding was associated with an increase in Bmax while pentylenetetrazole and picrotoxin altered the affinity of GHB for its binding site producing a decrease in Kd. These findings suggest that the GHB and GABA receptor complex may share certain moieties in common.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00966800
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  • 4
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    Metabolic profiles characterizing different phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome: plasma metabolomics analysis (2012)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-12-01
    Description: Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder accompanied with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease; despite being a common condition, the pathogenesis of PCOS remains unclear. Our aim was to investigate the potential metabolic profiles for different phenotypes of PCOS, as well as for the early prognosis of complications. Methods: A total of 217 women with PCOS and 48 healthy women as normal controls were studied. Plasma samples of subjects were tested using two different analytical platforms of metabolomics: 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC/TOF-MS). Results: Our results showed that carbohydrate, lipid and amino acid metabolisms were influenced in PCOS. The levels of lactate, long-chain fatty acids, triglyceride and very low-density lipoprotein were elevated, while glucose, phosphatidylcholine and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentrations were reduced in PCOS patients as compared with controls. Additionally, the levels of alanine, valine, serine, threonine, ornithine, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan were generally increased, whereas the levels of glycine and proline were significantly reduced in PCOS samples compared to controls. Furthermore, the ratio of branched-chain amino acid to aromatic amino acid concentrations (BCAA/AAA) in PCOS plasma was significantly reduced in PCOS patients and was insusceptible to obesity and insulin sensitivity. Conclusions: Our results suggested that the enhanced glycolysis and inhibited tricarboxylic acid cycle (TAC) in women with PCOS. Decrease of BCAA/AAA ratio was directly correlated with the development of PCOS. Ovulatory dysfunction of PCOS patients was associated with raised production of serine, threonine, phenylalanine, tyrosine and ornithine. Elevated levels of valine and leucine, and decreased concentrations of glycine in PCOS plasma could contribute to insulin sensitivity and could be considered as the potential biomarkers for long-term risk assessment of diabetes mellitus.
    Electronic ISSN: 1741-7015
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 5
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    The inhibitory action of PDCD4 in lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine-induced acute liver injury (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-02-28
    Description: The inhibitory action of PDCD4 in lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine-induced acute liver injury Laboratory Investigation 93, 291 (March 2013). doi:10.1038/labinvest.2012.174 Authors: Xiaoyan Wang, Lining Zhang, Zengtao Wei, Xia Zhang, Qi Gao, Yanyan Ma, Xingli Liu, Yang Jiang, Xianglan Liu, Chun Guo & Xiaoyan Wang
    Keywords: acute liver injuryD-GalNinflammatory cytokinesLPSPDCD4
    Print ISSN: 0023-6837
    Electronic ISSN: 1530-0307
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
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    The roles of endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathway in quercetin-mediated cell death of human prostate cancer PC-3 cells (2012)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-21
    Description: Prostate cancer has its highest incidence and is becoming a major concern. Many studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine exhibited antitumor responses. Quercetin, a natural polyphenolic compound, has been shown to induce apoptosis in many human cancer cell lines. Although numerous evidences show multiple possible signaling pathways of quercetin in apoptosis, there is no report to address the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in quercetin-induced apoptosis in PC-3 cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of quercetin on the induction of the apoptotic pathway in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. Cells were treated with quercetin for 24 and 48 h and at various doses (50–200 μM), and cell morphology and viability decreased significantly in dose-dependent manners. Flow cytometric assay indicated that quercetin at 150 μM caused G0/G1 phase arrest (31.4–49.7%) and sub-G1 phase cells (19.77%) for 36 h treatment and this effect is a time-dependent manner. Western blotting analysis indicated that quercetin induces the G0/G1 phase arrest via decreasing the levels of CDK2, cyclins E, and D proteins. Quercetin also stimulated the protein expression of ATF, GRP78, and GADD153 which is a hall marker of ER stress. Furthermore, PC-3 cells after incubation with quercetin for 48 h showed an apoptotic cell death and DNA damage which are confirmed by DAPI and Comet assays, leading to decrease the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein and level of ΔΨ m , and increase the proapoptotic Bax protein and the activations of caspase-3, -8, and -9. Moreover, quercetin promoted the trafficking of AIF protein released from mitochondria to nuclei. These data suggest that quercetin may induce apoptosis by direct activation of caspase cascade through mitochondrial pathway and ER stress in PC-3 cells. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2012.
    Print ISSN: 1520-4081
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-7278
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 7
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    Deformed brane with finite extra dimension (2012)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-20
    Description: Author(s): Yu-Xiao Liu, Chun-E Fu, Heng Guo, and Hai-Tao Li We construct a deformed brane solution generated by a double-kink scalar field and a dilaton scalar field. In this brane scenario the extra dimension is finite, which is due to the introduction of the dilaton field with a special form. The finity of the extra dimension will result in the localizatio... [Phys. Rev. D 85, 084023] Published Thu Apr 19, 2012
    Keywords: General relativity, gravitation
    Print ISSN: 0556-2821
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-4918
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 8
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    Mining differential top-k co-expression patterns from time course comparative gene expression datasets (2013)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-07-22
    Description: Background: Frequent pattern mining analysis applied on microarray dataset appears to be a promising strategy for identifying relationships between gene expression levels. Unfortunately, too many itemsets (co-expressed genes) are identified by this analysis method since it does not consider the importance of each gene within biological processes to a cellular response and does not take into account temporal properties under biological treatment-control matched conditions in a microarray dataset. Results: We propose a method termed TIIM (Top-k Impactful Itemsets Miner), which only requires specifying a user-defined number k to explore the top k itemsets with the most significantly differentially co-expressed genes between 2 conditions in a time course. To give genes different weights, a table with impact degrees for each gene was constructed based on the number of neighboring genes that are differently expressed in the dataset within gene regulatory networks. Finally, the resulting top-k impactful itemsets were manually evaluated using previous literature and analyzed by a Gene Ontology enrichment method. Conclusions: In this study, the proposed method was evaluated in 2 publicly available time course microarray datasets with 2 different experimental conditions. Both datasets identified potential itemsets with co-expressed genes evaluated from the literature and showed higher accuracies compared to the 2 corresponding control methods: i) performing TIIM without considering the gene expression differentiation between 2 different experimental conditions and impact degrees, and ii) performing TIIM with a constant impact degree for each gene. Our proposed method found that several new gene regulations involved in these itemsets were useful for biologists and provided further insights into the mechanisms underpinning biological processes. The Java source code and other related materials used in this study are available at "http://websystem.csie.ncku.edu.tw/TIIM_Program.rar".
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2105
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 9
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    Innovative strategy with potential to increase hemodialysis efficiency and safety (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-03-22
    Description: Uremic toxins are mainly represented by blood urine nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Crea) whose removal is critically important in hemodialysis (HD) for kidney disease. Patients undergoing HD have a complex illness, resulting from: inadequate removal of organic waste, dialysis-induced oxidative stress and membrane-induced inflammation. Here we report innovative breakthroughs for efficient and safe HD by using a plasmon-induced dialysate comprising Au nanoparticles (NPs)-treated (AuNT) water that is distinguishable from conventional deionized (DI) water. The diffusion coefficient of K3Fe(CN)6 in saline solution can be significantly increased from 2.76, to 4.62 × 10−6 cm s−1, by using AuNT water prepared under illumination by green light-emitting diodes (LED). In vitro HD experiments suggest that the treatment times for the removals of 70% BUN and Crea are reduced by 47 and 59%, respectively, using AuNT water instead of DI water in dialysate, while additionally suppressing NO release from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory cells. Scientific Reports 4 doi: 10.1038/srep04425
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 10
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    Annual net greenhouse gas balance in a halophyte (Helianthus tuberosus) bioenergy cropping system under various soil practices in southeast China (2014)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-03-12
    Description: A full accounting of net greenhouse gas balance (NGHGB) and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) was examined in an annual coastal reclaimed saline Jerusalem artichoke-fallow cropping system under various soil practices including soil tillage, soil ameliorant and crop residue amendments. Seasonal fluxes of soil carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) were measured using static chamber method, and the net ecosystem exchange of CO 2 (NEE) was determined by the difference between soil heterotrophic respiration ( R H ) and net primary production (NPP). Relative to no tillage, rotary tillage significantly decreased the NPP of Jerusalem artichoke while it had no significant effects on the annual R H . Rotary tillage increased CH 4 emissions, while seasonal or annual soil N 2 O emissions did not statistically differ between the two tillage treatments. Compared with the control plots, soil ameliorant or straw amendment enhanced R H , soil CH 4 and N 2 O emissions under the both tillage regimes. Annual NGHGB was negative for all the field treatments, as a consequence of net ecosystem CO 2 sequestration exceeding the CO 2 -equivalents released as CH 4 and N 2 O emissions, which indicates that Jerusalem artichoke-fallow cropping system served as a net sink of GHGs. The annual net NGHGB and GHGI were estimated to be 11–21% and 4–8% lower in the NT than in RT cropping systems, respectively. Soil ameliorant and straw amendments greatly increased NPP and thus significantly decreased the negative annual net NGHGB. Overall, higher NPP but lower climatic impacts of coastal saline bioenergy production would be simultaneously achieved by Jerusalem artichoke cultivation under no tillage with improved saline soil conditions in southeast China. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 1757-1693
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-1707
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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