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  • Lens  (2)
  • Renal transport system  (2)
  • Temperature adaptation  (2)
  • Toxaphene  (2)
  • Springer  (8)
  • American Heart Association (AHA)
  • Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
  • Oxford University Press
  • 2010-2014
  • 1995-1999  (6)
  • 1970-1974  (2)
  • 1955-1959
Publikationsart
Verlag/Herausgeber
  • Springer  (8)
  • American Heart Association (AHA)
  • Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
  • Oxford University Press
Erscheinungszeitraum
  • 2010-2014
  • 1995-1999  (6)
  • 1970-1974  (2)
  • 1955-1959
Jahr
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Clinical and experimental medicine 155 (1971), S. 234-244 
    ISSN: 1591-9528
    Schlagwort(e): Mean arterial blood pressure ; Heart rate ; Renal transport system ; Mittlerer arterieller Blutdruck ; Herzfrequenz ; Renales Transportsystem
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Bei der narkotisierten vagotomierten Ratte wurde über 2 Std die Wirkung von intraperitoneal injiziertem Guancydin auf den mittleren arteriellen Blutdruck und die Herzfrequenz beobachtet. Hier konnte ein dosisabhängiger blutdruck- und frequenzsenkender Effekt nachgewiesen werden. Nephrektomierte Tiere oder Tiere mit doppelseitiger Ureterligatur und ureteroabdomineller Fistel sowie Tiere, die mit Probenecid vorbehandelt waren, zeigten im Vergleich zu den Normaltieren eine deutlich stärkere Ansprechbarkeit auf die gleiche Guancydindosis. 2 Std nach der Guancydingabe konnte zwischen den Blutdruckwerten der vorbehandelten Kollektive und dem mittleren Druckwert des Normalkollektivs eine hochsignifikante Differenz ermittelt werden (p〈0,001). Aus diesen Befunden wird gefolgert, daß Guancydin rasch durch die Nieren ausgeschieden wird und daß auf Grund der deutlichen Potenzierung der Guancydinwirkung durch Probenecid eine aktive Ausscheidung des Antihypertensivums in der Niere wahrscheinlich ist.
    Notizen: Summary In anesthetized and vagotomized rats the effect of intraperitoneally injected guancydine on the mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate was observed over a time of 2 hrs. A dose-dependent hypotensive and heart rate lowering effect could be recorded. Nephrectomized animals or animals with bilateral ureteral ligature and ureteroabdominal fistula and animals, which were pretreated with probenecid, showed a significantly increased sensitivity to guancydine compared to the normal rats. 2 hrs after application of guancydine a highly significant difference could be observed between the mean blood pressure of the pretreated and the normal animals (p〈0.001). These results suggest, that guancydine is rapidly excreted through the kidneys, and that the secretion of this antihypertensive agent is an active process.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Clinical and experimental medicine 156 (1971), S. 11-22 
    ISSN: 1591-9528
    Schlagwort(e): Mean arterial blood pressure ; Heart rate ; Renal transport system ; Mittlerer arterieller Blutdruck ; Herzfrequenz ; Renales ; Transportsystem
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Bei Ratten, die mit Furosemid oder Mefrusid vorbehandelt worden waren, wurde über einen Zeitraum von 2 Std die Wirkung von intraperitoneal injiziertem Guancydin (25 mg/kg) auf den mittleren arteriellen Blutdruck und die Herzfrequenz beobachtet. Im Vergleich zu nichtvorbehandelten Tieren konnte eine deutliche Potenzierung der blutdruck- und herzfrequenzreduzierenden Guancydinwirkung nachgewiesen werden. Der Effekt war dosisabhängig, da 2 Std nach der Guancydingabe die mit 25 mg/kg Furosemid oder 50 mg/kg Mefrusid vorbehandelten Tiere einen signifikant niedrigeren Blutdruck aufwiesen als diejenigen, die vorher 12,5 mg/kg Furosemid oder 25 mg/kg Mefrusid erhalten hatten (p〈0,01). Es konnte wahrscheinlich gemacht werden, daß die Ursache für diesen Effekt weniger in einer diuretikumbedingten Veränderung des Wasser- und Elektrolythaushalts als darin liegt, daß Furosemid, Mefrusid und Guancydin über dasselbe renale Transportsystem ausgeschieden werden. Als Ausdruck einer Konkurrenz der Substanzen um dieses Transportsystem kam es möglicherweise zu einer Verzögerung der Guancydinausscheidung und somit zu einer verstärkten Wirkung des Antihypertensivums auf den Blutdruck und die Herzfrequenz. Diese Auslegung der Ergebnisse wird außerdem dadurch bestätigt, daß in weiteren Versuchen der diuretische und natriuretische Furosemideffekt durch Vorbehandlung mit Guancydin signifikant herabgesetzt werden konnte (p〈0,01). Dieser Effekt war gleichfalls dosisabhängig.
    Notizen: Summary In rats, which were treated, with furosemide and mefruside, the effect of intraperitoneally injected guancydine (25 mg/kg) on the mean arterial blood pressure and the heart rate was studied over a period of 2 hrs. In comparison with, normal animals, a significant potentiation of the depressant effect of guancydine on heart rate and blood pressure was observed. This effect was dose dependent, since the animals, which were pretreated with 25 mg/kg furosemide or 50 mg/kg mefruside, showed a significantly lower blood pressure than rats, which received 12,5 mg/kg furosemide or 25 mg/kg mefruside (p〈0.01). It is suggested, that the causes of these effects were not the saluretic-induced alterations of the water and electrolyte balance but the fact, that furosemide, mefruside and guancydine are excreted by the same renal transport system. These findings were strongly supported by the fact, that in other experiments pretreatment with guancydine significantly lowered the diuretic and natriuretic action of furosemide (p〈0.01). This effect was also dose dependent.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 154 (1995), S. 389-391 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Schlagwort(e): Sorbitol dehydrogenase ; Lens ; Congenital cataract
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Lens sorbitol dehydrogenase activity was assayed in patients with congenital cataracts, senile cataracts, without cataracts and in one fetal lens. In patients with congenital cataracts we did not observe any abnormality of galactose and sorbitol metabolising enzymes in erythrocytes. In one of these patients with inexplicable congenital cataracts lens sorbitol dehydrogenase deficiency was found. Conclusion Determination of galactose metabolising enzymes, sorbitol dehydrogenase and polyols in lenses may help in understanding the mechanism of formation of inexplicable congenital cataracts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 154 (1995), S. 389-391 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Sorbitol dehydrogenase ; Lens ; Congenital cataract
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Lens sorbitol dehydrogenase activity was assayed in patients with congenital cataracts, senile cataracts, without cataracts and in one fetal lens. In patients with congenital cataracts we did not observe any abnormality of galactose and sorbitol metabolising enzymes in erythrocytes. In one of these patients with inexplicable congenital cataracts lens sorbitol dehydrogenase deficiency was found. Conclusion Determination of galactose metabolising enzymes, sorbitol dehydrogenase and polyols in lenses may help in understanding the mechanism of formation of inexplicable congenital cataracts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 165 (1995), S. 46-55 
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Schlagwort(e): Citrate synthase ; Enzyme characteristics ; Temperature adaptation ; Isopod crustacea ; Euphausiid crustacea
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The characteristics and properties chromatographically purified citrate synthase from the euphausiids Euphausia superba (Antarctica) and Meganyctiphanes norvegica (Scandinavian Kattegat and Mediterranean Sea) and from the isopods Serolis polita (Antarctica) and Idotea baltica (Baltic Sea) were used to elucidate biochemical mechanisms of temperature adaptation. Additionally, maintenance experiments were carried out on the euphausiids to determine mechanisms of short term acclimation. Temperature optima (between 37 and 45°C) were unrelated to genotypic cold adaptation, but the activation energy of the Antarctic krill E. superba (10.9 kJ · mol-1) was only a quarter of that in other species (41.8–45.1 kJ · mol-1). The minima of apparent Michaelis constants (total range: 4–20 μmol · 1-1 oxaloacetate; 7–45 μmol · 1-1 acetyl-coenzyme A) showed no relation to natural conditions, and no distinct pH optimum occurred at ambient temperatures. In contrast, apparent Michaelis constants and specific enzyme activities were related to maintenance temperatures in M. norvegica, but not in E. superba. The differences between M. norvegica and E. superba can be interpreted as adaptations to the changes in ambient temperature with regard to the respective steno- and eurythermic tolerances of these crustaceans.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 165 (1995), S. 56-61 
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Schlagwort(e): Citrate synthase ; Enzyme regulation ; Temperature adaptation ; ATP inhibition ; Crustacea
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Citrate synthase is a regulatory enzyme of the energy metabolism pathway controlling the citric acid cycle. It was studied in order to determine modes of enzyme regulation with regard to the life-style of the investigated species. Citrate synthase from crustaceans with different life-styles were compared: the pelagic euphausiids Euphausia superba from the Antarctic and Meganyctiphanes norvegica from the Scandinavian Kattegat and the Mediterranean were compared to the benthic isopods Serolis polita from the Antarctic and Idotea baltica from the Baltic. Citrate synthase was partly purified chromatographically and the influence of adenosine 5′-triphosphate on enzyme activity was examined. Mechanisms of inhibition and inhibitor constants were determined. Two different mechanisms of enzyme regulation by ATP were found. Citrate synthase from isopods was only competitively inhibited, while citrate synthase from euphausiids showed not only competitive inhibition but also activation by low concentrations of ATP. This activation is equivalent to the reversed methanism of uncompetitive inhibition. The ecophysiological relevances of the coupling of these mechanisms are discussed. The degree of competitive inhibition was different in the two groups of investigated crustaceans. Inhibitor constants were similar within the euphausiids but not in isopods, which showed higher or lower inhibition depending on the climatic zone: the colder the ambient temperature the lower the ATP inhibition. A possible mechanism of temperature adaptation through effects of varying inhibition constants is concluded.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Chromatographia 44 (1997), S. 65-73 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Schlagwort(e): Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ; Electron-capture negative ionization ; Toxaphene ; Seal blubber samples ; Antarctic
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary Gas chromatography and electron-capture, negative-ionization, mass spectrometry (GC-ECNI-MS) in combination with a non-polar stationary phase (CP-Sil 2) was applied to study the composition of residues of the multicomponent toxaphene mixture in seal blubber from the Antarctic. In samples of the five Antarctic seal species eleven compounds of technical toxaphene (CTTs) were detected and six of them quantified by application of single standard compounds. Five abundant CTTs in seal blubber were included in the “Parlar 22 components standard” (commercially available) and one further was isolated and quantified for the first time. Finally, high levels of toxaphene were determined in Weddell seals and crabeaters confirming that toxaphene is a major organochlorine pollutant in the Antarctic.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Schlagwort(e): Gas chromatography ; Chiral stationary phases ; Enantioseparation ; Toxaphene
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary The separation of the enantiomers of the compounds of technical toxaphene (CTTs) on heptakis(6-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-2,3-di-O-methyl)-β-cyclodextrin (β-TBDM) has been studied by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection (GC-ECD). Enantiomers of eight of the nine CTTs under investigation were separated on this chiral stationary phase. Separations of the enantioners of CTTs have hitherto been achieved ontert-butyldimethylsilylated β-cyclodextrin (β-BSCD). The chiral resolution values and separation factors of the CTTs on β-TBDM have been compared with those obtained on β-BSCD. Although several components coeluted, enantioselective determination of three CTTs was possible in an extract of seal blubber. For each CTT the first-eluting enantiomer was enantioenriched. Enantioselective accumulation of2-endo, 3-exo,5-endo,6-exo,-8,8,9,10-octachlorobornane (B8-1412) in biota has been established for the first time.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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