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  • Biogeochemical Processes in the Oceans and Fluxes; FLUPAC; FLUPAC_track; JGOFS; Joint Global Ocean Flux Study; L Atalante; MULT; Multiple investigations; OLIPAC; OLIPAC_track; PROOF  (1)
  • Sea/ocean surface  (1)
  • 2010-2014  (1)
  • 2000-2004  (1)
  • 1
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    Sea surface fugacity of carbon dioxide measurements in the Pacific ocean (2002)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Feely, Richard A; Boutin, Jacqueline; Cosca, Catherine E; Dandonneau, Yves; Etcheto, Jacqueline; Inoue, Hisayuki Y; Ishii, Masao; Le Quéré, Corinne; Mackey, Denis J; McPhaden, Michael J; Metzl, Nicolas; Poisson, Alain; Wanninkhof, Rik (2002): Seasonal and interannual variability of CO2 in the equatorial Pacific. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 49(13-14), 2443-2469, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00044-9
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-01
    Description: As part of the JGOFS field program, extensive CO2 partial-pressure measurements were made in the atmosphere and in the surface waters of the equatorial Pacific from 1992 to 1999. For the first time, we are able to determine how processes occurring in the western portion of the equatorial Pacific impact the sea-air fluxes of CO2 in the central and eastern regions. These 8 years of data are compared with the decade of the 1980s. Over this period, surface-water pCO2 data indicate significant seasonal and interannual variations. The largest decreases in fluxes were associated with the 1991-94 and 1997-98 El Niño events. The lower sea-air CO2 fluxes during these two El Niño periods were the result of the combined effects of interconnected large-scale and locally forced physical processes: (1) development of a low-salinity surface cap as part of the formation of the warm pool in the western and central equatorial Pacific, (2) deepening of the thermocline by propagating Kelvin waves in the eastern Pacific, and (3) the weakening of the winds in the eastern half of the basin. These processes serve to reduce pCO2 values in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific towards near-equilibrium values at the height of the warm phase of ENSO. In the western equatorial Pacific there is a small but significant increase in seawater pCO2 during strong El Niño events (i.e., 1982-83 and 1997-98) and little or no change during weak El Niño events (1991-94). The net effect of these interannual variations is a lower-than-normal CO2 flux to the atmosphere from the equatorial Pacific during El Niño. The annual average fluxes indicate that during strong El Niños the release to the atmosphere is 0.2-0.4 Pg C/yr compared to 0.8-1.0 Pg C/yr during non-El Niño years.
    Keywords: Biogeochemical Processes in the Oceans and Fluxes; FLUPAC; FLUPAC_track; JGOFS; Joint Global Ocean Flux Study; L Atalante; MULT; Multiple investigations; OLIPAC; OLIPAC_track; PROOF
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    Ocean preconditioning of Cyclone Nargis in the Bay of Bengal : interaction between Rossby waves, surface fresh waters, and sea surface temperatures (2011)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2011. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Physical Oceanography 41 (2011): 1741–1755, doi:10.1175/2011JPO4437.1.
    Description: An in-depth data analysis was conducted to understand the occurrence of a strong sea surface temperature (SST) front in the central Bay of Bengal before the formation of Cyclone Nargis in April 2008. Nargis changed its course after encountering the front and tracked along the front until making landfall. One unique feature of this SST front was its coupling with high sea surface height anomalies (SSHAs), which is unusual for a basin where SST is normally uncorrelated with SSHA. The high SSHAs were associated with downwelling Rossby waves, and the interaction between downwelling and surface fresh waters was a key mechanism to account for the observed SST–SSHA coupling. The near-surface salinity field in the bay is characterized by strong stratification and a pronounced horizontal gradient, with low salinity in the northeast. During the passage of downwelling Rossby waves, freshening of the surface layer was observed when surface velocities were southwestward. Horizontal convergence of freshwater associated with downwelling Rossby waves increased the buoyancy of the upper layer and caused the mixed layer to shoal to within a few meters of the surface. Surface heating trapped in the thin mixed layer caused the fresh layer to warm, whereas the increase in buoyancy from low-salinity waters enhanced the high SSHA associated with Rossby waves. Thus, high SST coincided with high SSHA. The dominant role of salinity in controlling high SSHA suggests that caution should be exercised when computing hurricane heat potential in the bay from SSHA. This situation is different from most tropical oceans, where temperature has the dominant effect on SSHA.
    Description: This work was supported by the NOAA/Office of Climate Observation (OCO) program.
    Keywords: Rossby waves ; Sea surface temperature ; Sea/ocean surface
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    PAPER (OA)
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