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  • Articles  (78)
  • 2010-2014  (72)
  • 2005-2009  (6)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The botanical composition, intake and digestibility of the diet consumed by 1-year-old weaner sheep grazing a native white grass plant community in the Falkland Islands was measured in five periods between June 1998 and March 1999. Five different sheep were used in each period. Two methods were used for estimating the botanical composition of the diet: plant cuticle patterns in the faeces of the sheep and the patterns of concentrations of n-alkanes in the faeces of sheep. These methods were used to predict the concentrations of C32- and C33-alkanes in the herbage to allow the estimation of herbage intake and digestibility using the n-alkane technique. It was concluded that the n-alkane technique gave more accurate estimates of diet composition based on the comparison with estimates of nutrient intake derived from liveweight gains of sheep. The dominant pasture species, Cortaderia pilosa, was the predominant species consumed during the cooler periods of the year. In the summer, when the highest liveweight gains of sheep occur, the proportion of fine grass species, including Poa spp., Festuca magellanica and Agrostis capillaris, and herbs and sedges in the diet was highest. Herbage intake was the highest during the summer periods when digestibility was also at its peak. Estimated nutritional deficiencies of metabolizable energy, crude protein, phosphorus and vitamin D3 that limit the growth and development of weaner sheep were evident for up to 9 months of the year. Targeted supplementation regimes that counter specific nutrient deficiencies could be developed on the basis of these results to address critical periods in the growth of young sheep.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  Effective treatment of haemophilic arthropathy requires a detailed evaluation of joint integrity. Methodological assessment of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scores are needed to assure reproducibility of measurements when comparing results of clinical trials conducted in different centres. We compared the reliability of two MRI scoring systems for assessment of haemophilic arthropathy: one progressive system that displays the most severe change and one additive system that depicts osteochondral and soft tissue-related changes. A total of 47 1.5 T MRI examinations of knees (n = 21) and ankles (n = 26) of 42 haemophilic boys, age range, 22 months to 18 years, performed at different centres (Toronto, n = 20, Europe, n = 12 and Denver, n = 15) were independently reviewed by four radiologists at two occasions. Twenty-two examinations were from children 〈9 years and 25 from children ≥9. Sagittal and coronal gradient-echo (MPGR, 3D FLASH with fat saturation, GRASS) images were obtained. The MRI examinations of the ankle and knee studies presented with osteochondral abnormalities in 38.5% and 23.8% of the cases respectively. The two scoring systems demonstrated an excellent inter-reader [progressive, 0.88; additive (A, e, s and h components), 0.86] and intra-reader [progressive, 0.92; additive (A, e, s and h components), 0.93] reliability using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Although ICCs were slightly higher for knees when compared with ankles, and for older children when compared with younger children, all values fell within excellent inter- and intra-reader reliability categories. The two MRI scoring systems demonstrated a comparable reliability. This result constitutes the basis for further development of a combined MRI scoring system for assessment of haemophilic arthropathy, which incorporates progressive and additive components.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  The international MRI expert subgroup of the International Prophylaxis Study Group (IPSG) has developed a consensus for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scales for assessment of haemophilic arthropathy. A MRI scoring scheme including a 10 step progressive scale and a 20 step additive scale with identical definitions of mutual steps is presented. Using the progressive scale, effusion/haemarthrosis can correspond to progressive scores of 1, 2, or 3, and synovial hypertrophy and/or haemosiderin deposition to 4, 5, or 6. The progressive score can be 7 or 8 if there are subchondral cysts and/or surface erosions, and it is 9 or 10 if there is loss of cartilage. Using the additive scale, synovial hypertrophy contributes 1–3 points to the additive score and haemosiderin deposition contributes 1 point. For osteochondral changes, 16 statements are evaluated as to whether they are true or false, and each true statement contributes 1 point to the additive score. The use of these two compatible scales for progressive and additive MRI assessments can facilitate international comparison of data and enhance the accumulation of experience on MRI scoring of haemophilic arthropathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 445 (2007), S. 399-401 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The upper atmospheres of the four Solar System giant planets exhibit high temperatures that cannot be explained by the absorption of sunlight. In the case of Saturn the temperatures predicted by models of solar heating are ∼200 K, compared to temperatures of ∼400 K ...
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Se ejecutaron dos campañas de muestreo comprendidas en el período 2008-2009, en una Empresa Comercializadora de Combustible. Se realizó el muestreo de aguas residuales en el drenaje del tanque 10 (denominado Tk A) en la poceta donde tributan los tanques 9, 5 y 7 (denominado Tk B). También en la poceta donde tributan los tanques 8, 2, 3, 4 y 23 (denominado Tk C) de la Empresa Comercializadora de Combustible de Santiago de Cuba, todas ellas vierten a la Bahía de Santiago de Cuba. Se tomaron las muestras líquidas y se preservaron según método normalizado ISO 5667. En el monitoreo sistemático se determinaron los parámetros indicadores de contaminación siguientes: pH, demanda química de oxígeno (DQO), demanda bioquímica de oxígeno (DBO5), sólidos suspendidos totales, hidrocarburos totales, cromo VI, fenoles y sulfuros de acuerdo con los métodos ISO y APHA según el análisis a analizarse. El objetivo de este estudio es el monitoreo ambiental de dicha Empresa de CUPET, con vistas a controlar y establecer su impacto sobre zonas circundantes que en este caso es la Bahía de Santiago de Cuba. En este trabajo se concluye que: Al drenar los tanques los niveles de concentración de la demanda química de oxígeno (DQO), demanda biológica de oxígeno (DBO5), Sólidos suspendidos totales (SST) e hidrocarburos (H/C) fueron superiores a los valores reportados por las normas cubanas y extranjeras para su vertimiento directo al cuerpo receptor, debido a ello, estos residuales deben enviarse a través de sus respectivas canalizaciones a un sistema de tratamiento con las condiciones apropiadas, de modo tal que garanticen un tiempo de residencia adecuado para vaporizar sulfuros, separar H/C, biodegradar materia orgánica, y lograr sedimentar sólidos suspendidos y con ello lograr valores aceptables de sus parámetros antes de ser vertidos a la Bahía de Santiago de Cuba. 1
    Description: monitoreo ambiental, contaminacion, bahia
    Keywords: Environmental monitoring ; Environmental monitoring ; Pollution monitoring
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Preprint
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2022-05-04
    Description: In northern Italy in 1997, two earthquakes of magnitudes 5.7 and 6 (separated by nine hours) marked the beginning of a sequence that lasted more than 30 days, with thousands of aftershocks including four additional events with magnitudes between 5 and 6. This normal-faulting sequence is not well explained with models of elastic stress transfer1,2, particularly the persistence of hanging-wall seismicity3 that included two events with magnitudes greater than 5. Here we show that this sequence may have been driven by a fluid pressure pulse generated from the coseismic release of a known deep source4 of trapped high-pressure carbon dioxide (CO2). We find a strong correlation between the high-pressure front and the aftershock hypocentres over a twoweek period, using precise hypocentre locations5 and a simple model of nonlinear diffusion. The triggering amplitude (10– 20MPa) of the pressure pulse overwhelms the typical (0.1– 0.2MPa) range from stress changes in the usual stress triggering models1,6. We propose that aftershocks of large earthquakes in such geologic environments may be driven by the coseismic release of trapped, high-pressure fluids propagating through damaged zones created by the mainshock. This may provide a link between earthquakes, aftershocks, crust/mantle degassing and earthquake-triggered large-scale fluid flow.
    Description: Published
    Description: 724-727
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: aftershock ; CO2 ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.01. Geochemical exploration
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Format: 425100 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2011-09-17
    Description: Synchrotron radiation has been used for many years as a beam diagnostic at electron accelerators. It is not normally associated with proton accelerators as the intensity of the radiation is too weak to make detection practical. However, if one utilizes the radiation originating near the edge of a bending magnet, or from a short magnet, the rapidly changing magnetic field serves to enhance the wavelengths shorter than the cutoff wavelength, which for more recent high energy proton accelerators such as Fermilab's Tevatron, tends to be visible light. This paper discusses the implementation at the Tevatron of two devices. A transverse beam profile monitor images the synchrotron radiation coming from the proton and antiproton beams separately and provides profile data for each bunch. A second monitor measures the low-level intensity of beam in the abort gaps which poses a danger to both the accelerator's superconducting magnets and the silicon detectors of the high energy physics experi...
    Electronic ISSN: 1748-0221
    Topics: Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2012-08-28
    Description: The zinc metalloprotease ZMPSTE24 plays a critical role in nuclear lamin biology by cleaving the prenylated and carboxylmethylated 15-amino acid tail from the C-terminus of prelamin A to yield mature lamin A. A defect in this proteolytic event, caused by a mutation in the lamin A gene ( LMNA ) that eliminates the ZMPSTE24 cleavage site, underlies the premature aging disease Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS). Likewise, mutations in the ZMPSTE24 gene that result in decreased enzyme function cause a spectrum of diseases that share certain features of premature aging. Twenty human ZMPSTE24 alleles have been identified that are associated with three disease categories of increasing severity: mandibuloacral dysplasia type B (MAD-B), severe progeria (atypical ‘HGPS’) and restrictive dermopathy (RD). To determine whether a correlation exists between decreasing ZMPSTE24 protease activity and increasing disease severity, we expressed mutant alleles of ZMPSTE24 in yeast and optimized in vivo yeast mating assays to directly compare the activity of alleles associated with each disease category. We also measured the activity of yeast crude membranes containing the ZMPSTE24 mutant proteins in vitro . We determined that, in general, the residual activity of ZMPSTE24 patient alleles correlates with disease severity. Complete loss-of-function alleles are associated with RD, whereas retention of partial, measureable activity results in MAD-B or severe progeria. Importantly, our assays can discriminate small differences in activity among the mutants, confirming that the methods presented here will be useful for characterizing any new ZMPSTE24 mutations that are discovered.
    Print ISSN: 0964-6906
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2083
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2012-09-26
    Description: Most environmental satellite radiometers use solar reflectance information when it is available during the day but must resort at night to emission signals from infrared bands, which offer poor sensitivity to low-level clouds and surface features. A few sensors can take advantage of moonlight, but the inconsistent availability of the...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2014-08-30
    Description: PALB2 links BRCA1 and BRCA2 in homologous recombinational repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). Mono-allelic mutations in PALB2 increase the risk of breast, pancreatic, and other cancers, and biallelic mutations cause Fanconi anemia (FA). Like Brca1 and Brca2, systemic knock-out of Palb2 in mice results in embryonic lethality. In this study, we generated a hypomorphic Palb2 allele expressing a mutant PALB2 protein unable to bind BRCA1. Consistent with an FA-like phenotype, cells from the mutant mice showed hypersensitivity and chromosomal breakage when treated with mitomycin C, a DNA interstrand crosslinker. Moreover, mutant males showed reduced fertility due to impaired meiosis and increased apoptosis in germ cells. Interestingly, mutant meiocytes showed a significant defect in sex chromosome synapsis, which likely contributed to the germ cell loss and fertility defect. Our results underscore the in vivo importance of the PALB2-BRCA1 complex formation in DSB repair and male meiosis.
    Print ISSN: 0021-9258
    Electronic ISSN: 1083-351X
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
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