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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2015-10-06
    Description: Single crystals of [Cr(H 2 O) 6 ] 2 [B 12 H 12 ] 3 · 15H 2 O and [In(H 2 O) 6 ] 2 [B 12 H 12 ] 3 · 15H 2 O were obtained by reactions of aqueous solutions of the acid (H 3 O) 2 [B 12 H 12 ] with chromium(III) hydroxide and indium metal shot, respectively. The title compounds crystallize isotypically in the trigonal system with space group R c ( a = 1157.62(3), c = 6730.48(9) pm for the chromium, a = 1171.71(3), c = 6740.04(9) pm for the indium compound, Z = 6). The arrangement of the quasi -icosahedral [B 12 H 12 ] 2– dianions can be considered as stacking of two times nine layers with the sequence … ABCCABBCA … and the metal trications arrange in a cubic closest packed … abc … stacking sequence. The metal trications are octahedrally coordinated by six water molecules of hydration, while another fifteen H 2 O molecules fill up the structures as zeolitic crystal water or second-sphere hydrating species. Between these free and the metal-bonded water molecules, bridging hydrogen bonds are found. Furthermore, there is also evidence of hydrogen bonding between the anionic [B 12 H 12 ] 2– clusters and the free zeolitic water molecules according to B–H δ – ··· δ + H–O interactions. Vibrational spectroscopy studies prove the presence of these hydrogen bonds and also show slight distortions of the dodecahydro- closo -dodecaborate anions from their ideal icosahedral symmetry ( I h ). Thermal decomposition studies for the example of [Cr(H 2 O) 6 ] 2 [B 12 H 12 ] 3 · 15H 2 O gave no hints for just a simple multi-stepwise dehydration process.
    Print ISSN: 0044-2313
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-3749
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2017-01-18
    Description: The reaction of Pb[CO 3 ] with an aqueous solution of (H 3 O) 2 [B 10 H 10 ] in an equimolar ratio leads to two lead(II) decahydro- closo -decaborate hydrates both as triclinic, pale yellow single crystals. The water-rich compound with the formula [Pb(H 2 O) 3 ] 2 Pb[B 10 H 10 ] 3 · 5.5H 2 O crystallizes in the space group P 1 ( a = 711.72(4), b = 1243.14(8), c = 2064.83(12) pm, α = 81.806(3), β = 83.795(3), γ = 80.909(3)°) with Z = 2. The compound with the lower water content, [Pb(H 2 O) 3 ]Pb[B 10 H 10 ] 2 · 1.5H 2 O, also crystallizes in P 1 ( a = 718.46(4), b = 1288.75(8), c = 1279.91(8) pm, α = 70.145(3), β = 75.976(3), γ = 80.324(3)°) with Z = 2. Both structures can be described as layered arrangements and contain one Pb 2+ cation each, which is only coordinated by the hydridic hydrogen atoms of the hydroborate anions. All the others are primarily surrounded by three water molecules in a non -planar fashion and additional hydrogen atoms of [B 10 H 10 ] 2– anions. The non -lead-bonded crystal water molecules in both structures are all connected via hydrogen bonds to the water molecules, which coordinate the Pb 2+ cations, as well as via non -classical hydrogen bonds to the cluster anions and reside between the layers. The [B 10 H 10 ] 2– anions show only slight distortions from their ideal shape as bicapped square antiprisms.
    Print ISSN: 0044-2313
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-3749
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2017-01-26
    Description: For immobile patients, a body wash in bed is sometimes the only bathing option. Traditionally, the bed bath is performed with water and soap. However, alternatives are increasingly used in health care. Washing...
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2318
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2017-05-25
    Description: The repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is mediated via two major pathways, nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR) repair. DSB repair is vital for cell survival, genome stability, and tumor suppression. In contrast to NHEJ, HR relies on extensive homology and templated DNA synthesis to restore the sequence surrounding the break site. We report a new role for the multifunctional protein CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) in facilitating HR-mediated DSB repair. CTCF is recruited to DSB through its zinc finger domain independently of poly(ADP-ribose) polymers, known as PARylation, catalyzed by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1). CTCF ensures proper DSB repair kinetics in response to -irradiation, and the loss of CTCF compromises HR-mediated repair. Consistent with its role in HR, loss of CTCF results in hypersensitivity to DNA damage, inducing agents and inhibitors of PARP. Mechanistically, CTCF acts downstream of BRCA1 in the HR pathway and associates with BRCA2 in a PARylation-dependent manner, enhancing BRCA2 recruitment to DSB. In contrast, CTCF does not influence the recruitment of the NHEJ protein 53BP1 or LIGIV to DSB. Together, our findings establish for the first time that CTCF is an important regulator of the HR pathway.
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2016-11-19
    Description: Author(s): Fabian M. Schaller, Robert F. B. Weigel, and Sebastian C. Kapfer Packing particles into a confined space is a feature of geological and industrial processes. A numerical investigation of the densest ways to pack aspherical particles may hold clues about the structure of granular piles. [Phys. Rev. X 6, 041032] Published Thu Nov 17, 2016
    Electronic ISSN: 2160-3308
    Topics: Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2018-03-16
    Description: The dual Craig-Bampton method for the reduction of undamped systems is modified for the case of general viscous damping. The final reduction is based on the use of complex free interface normal modes, (residual) flexibility modes and state-space rigid body modes. For the coupling of the substructures in state-space representation, a dual coupling procedure based on the interface forces between adjacent substructures is used that is novel compared to other methods that commonly apply primal coupling procedures. (© 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
    Electronic ISSN: 1617-7061
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics , Technology
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2017-06-08
    Description: We examine some unexpected epistemological conflicts that arise at the interfaces between ecological science, the ecosystem services framework, policy and industry. We use an example from our own research to motivate and illustrate our main arguments, while also reviewing standard approaches to ecological science using the ecosystem services framework. While we agree that the ecosystem services framework has benefits in its industrial applications because it may force economic decision makers to consider a broader range of costs and benefits than they would do otherwise, we find that many alignments of ecology with the ecosystem services framework are asking questions that are irrelevant to real-world applications, and generating data that does not serve real-world applications. We attempt to clarify why these problems arise and how to avoid them. We urge fellow ecologists to reflect on the kind of research that can lead to both scientific advances and applied relevance to society. In our view, traditional empirical approaches at landscape scales or with place-based emphases are necessary to provide applied knowledge for problem solving, which is needed once decision makers identify risks to ecosystem services. We conclude that the ecosystem services framework is a good policy tool when applied to decision-making contexts, but not a good theory either of social valuation or ecological interactions, and should not be treated as one.
    Electronic ISSN: 2328-4277
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2015-04-15
    Description: Author(s): Fabian M. Schaller, Max Neudecker, Mohammad Saadatfar, Gary W. Delaney, Gerd E. Schröder-Turk, and Matthias Schröter In particulate soft matter systems the average number of contacts Z of a particle is an important predictor of the mechanical properties of the system. Using x-ray tomography, we analyze packings of frictional, oblate ellipsoids of various aspect ratios α, prepared at different global volume fractio... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 158001] Published Tue Apr 14, 2015
    Keywords: Polymer, Soft Matter, Biological, and Interdisciplinary Physics
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
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