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  • 2015-2019  (8)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-06-26
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Diaporthales is a fungal order comprising important plant pathogens, saprobes and endophytes on a wide range of woody hosts. It is often difficult to differentiate the pathogens in this order, since both the morphology and disease symptoms are similar among the various species. In the current study, we obtained 15 representative diaporthalean isolates from six tree hosts belonging to plant families Betulaceae, Fagaceae, Juglandaceae, Rosaceae, and Ulmaceae from Mount Dongling in China. Six species were identified residing in four families of Diaporthales (Diaporthaceae, Erythrogloeaceae, Juglanconidaceae and Melanconidaceae). Based on morphological comparison and the phylogenetic analyses of partial ITS, LSU, cal, his3, rpb2, tef1-a and tub2 gene sequences, we identified five known species (Diaporthe betulina, D. eres, D. rostrata, Juglamconis oblonga and Melanconis stilbostoma) and one novel species (Dendrostoma donglinensis). These results represent the first study of diaporthalean fungi associated with canker and dieback symptoms from Mount Dongling in Beijing, China.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Clonal behavior has been hypothesized to provide an escape from allometric metabolic scaling that limits the maximum mass achieved by a single individual. Here, we demonstrate the capacity of a wide-spread, non-native sea anemone to buffer its colony biomass accumulation rate across environments by modulating ramet body size through environmentally dependent growth, fission, and catabolism. In 2015, thermal reaction norms for growth and fission behavior were constructed using clonal lines of the sea anemone Diadumene lineata. In 2018, variation in growth patterns under a factorial cross of temperature level and oxygen availability was examined to test the hypothesis that individual ramet size is regulated by oxygen limitation in accordance with optimal size theory. Across a wide range of temperatures, colonies accumulated a similar amount of biomass despite a radical shift from unitary to clonal growth, supporting fission as a mechanism to buffer growth rates over a range of conditions. Individual body size appears to be regulated by the environment with increased temperature and reduced oxygen modifying fission and mass-specific growth patterns, leading to the production of smaller-bodied ramets in warm conditions. However, whether anemones in common garden conditions reduce individual body size through catabolism or fission depends on the region of origin and may relate to differences in seasonal temperature patterns among coastlines, which influence the energetic benefits of fission rate plasticity.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 4
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    Springer | German Mycological Society
    In:  Mycological Progress, 18 (11). pp. 1341-1361.
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: The order Botryosphaeriales includes many latent fungal pathogens with a wide range of woody hosts. The taxonomy of these pathogens has been difficult due to the use of poorly informing markers in phylogenetic analyses and the lack of good morphological characters. Many genera and families in this order have not yet been systematically studied in different hosts and from different regions. In this study, a total of 29 fungal strains from the Aplosporellaceae and Botryosphaeriaceae were isolated from branches or twigs with symptoms of canker and dieback disease in Mount Yudu of China. Morphology and multigene analyses (ITS, LSU and TEF1-α) indicated five distinct lineages, including Aplosporella javeedii, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Diplodia quercicola sp. nov., Phaeobotryon aplospora sp. nov. and Phaeobotryon rhois. Diplodia quercicola is characterized by multiloculate conidiomata, producing oblong to cylindrical, thick-walled, hyaline, aseptate conidia. Phaeobotryon aplospora is characterized by pulvinate, multiloculate conidiomata, producing ellipsoid to oblong, brown, aseptate conidia. The new species differ from related species phylogenetically and ecologically and in morphological features.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 5
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    Elsevier / Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
    In:  Studies in Mycology, 92 . pp. 287-415.
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Species of Sporocadaceae are endophytic, plant pathogenic or saprobic, and associated with a wide range of host plants. Recent molecular studies that have attempted to address familial and generic boundaries of fungi belonging to Sporocadaceae were based on a limited number of samples and DNA loci. The taxonomy of this group of fungi is therefore still not fully resolved. The aim of the present study is to provide a natural classification for the Sporocadaceae based on multi-locus phylogenetic analyses, using LSU, ITS, tef-1α, tub2 and rpb2 loci, in combination with morphological data. A total of 30 well-supported monophyletic clades in Sporocadaceae are recognised, representing 23 known and seven new genera. Typifications are proposed for the type species of five genera (Diploceras, Discosia, Monochaetia, Sporocadus and Truncatella) to stabilise the application of these names. Furthermore, Neotruncatella and Dyrithiopsis are synonymised under Hymenopleella, and the generic circumscriptions of Diploceras, Disaeta, Hymenopleella, Monochaetia, Morinia, Pseudopestalotiopsis, Sarcostroma, Seimatosporium, Synnemapestaloides and Truncatella are emended. A total of 51 new species, one nomina nova and 15 combinations are introduced.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Cytospora is a genus including important phytopathogens causing severe dieback and canker diseases distributed worldwide with a wide host range. However, identification of Cytospora species is difficult since the currently available DNA sequence data are insufficient. Aside the limited availability of ex-type sequence data, most of the genetic work is only based on the ITS region DNA marker which lacks the resolution to delineate to the species level in Cytospora. In this study, three fresh strains were isolated from the symptomatic branches of Elaeagnus angustifolia in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Morphological observation and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses (ITS, LSU, ACT and RPB2) support these specimens are best accommodated as a distinct novel species of Cytospora. Cytospora elaeagnicola sp. nov. is introduced, having discoid, nearly flat, pycnidial conidiomata with hyaline, allantoid conidia, and differs from its relatives genetically and by host association.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: This paper represents the third contribution in the Genera of Phytopathogenic Fungi (GOPHY) series. The series provides morphological descriptions, information about the pathology, distribution, hosts and disease symptoms for the treated genera, as well as primary and secondary DNA barcodes for the currently accepted species included in these. This third paper in the GOPHY series treats 21 genera of phytopathogenic fungi and their relatives including: Allophoma, Alternaria, Brunneosphaerella, Elsinoe, Exserohilum, Neosetophoma, Neostagonospora, Nothophoma, Parastagonospora, Phaeosphaeriopsis, Pleiocarpon, Pyrenophora, Ramichloridium, Seifertia, Seiridium, Septoriella, Setophoma, Stagonosporopsis, Stemphylium, Tubakia and Zasmidium. This study includes three new genera, 42 new species, 23 new combinations, four new names, and three typifications of older names.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Pigment variation within and among algal species may have important ecological consequences because small changes in the concentration and composition of pigments can influence the photosynthetic efficiency and rate as well as the spectra of light utilized. Toward the goal of developing a rapid method for comparing pigment composition among algal thalli, we characterized the relationship between visual color information taken from photographs (e.g., red, green, and blue color values) and photopigment composition in the non-native red alga Agarophyton vermiculophyllum (Ohmi) Gurgel, J.N.Norris & Fredericq. We used a set of 19 thalli, collected from across the known native and non-native range in the Northern Hemisphere, which exhibited substantial color variation at the time of field collection, and sustained this variation after being maintained in a common garden. We identified a set of ecologically interesting pigment traits that are readily predicted by color information, including chlorophyll a and phycobilin concentration. Finally, we demonstrated the repeatability of estimating color phenotypes from photographs of thalli taken under a range of light conditions in order to evaluate the utility of this approach for field studies. We suggest this method could be useful for the rapid, high-throughput phenotyping of photopigments in other red algae as well.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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