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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Maize lethal necrosis and the molecular basis of variability in concentrations of the causal viruses in co-infected maize plant
    Academic Journals ; 2019
    In:  Journal of General and Molecular Virology Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2019-06-30), p. 1-19
    Details
    In: Journal of General and Molecular Virology, Academic Journals, Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2019-06-30), p. 1-19
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2141-6648
    Uniform Title: English
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5897/JGMV
    DOI: 10.5897/JGMV2019.0073
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Academic Journals
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2513292-1
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genetic analysis of grain yield and agronomic traits of early provitamin A quality protein maize inbred lines in contrasting environments
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2019
    In:  The Journal of Agricultural Science Vol. 157, No. 5 ( 2019-07), p. 413-433
    Details
    In: The Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 157, No. 5 ( 2019-07), p. 413-433
    Abstract: Early-maturing provitamin A (PVA) quality protein maize (QPM) hybrids with combined drought and low soil nitrogen (low-N) tolerance are needed to address malnutrition and food security problems in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The current study's objectives were to (i) examine combining ability of selected early maturing PVA-QPM inbreds for grain yield and other agronomic traits under drought, low-N, optimal environments and across environments, (ii) determine gene action conditioning PVA accumulation under optimal environments, (iii) classify inbreds into heterotic groups and identify testers and (iv) assess yield and stability of hybrids across environments. Ninety-six hybrids generated from 24 inbred lines using the North Carolina Design II together with four commercial hybrid controls were evaluated under drought, low-N and optimal environments in Nigeria in 2016 and 2017. Fifty-four selected hybrids were assayed for PVA carotenoid and tryptophan content. Additive genetic effects were greater than non-additive effects for grain yield and most agronomic traits under each and across environments. The gene action conditioning accumulation of PVA carotenoids under optimal growing conditions followed a pattern similar to that of grain yield and other yield-related traits. The inbred lines were categorized into four heterotic groups consistent with the pedigree records and with TZEIORQ 29 identified as the best male and female tester for heterotic group IV. No tester was found for the other groups. Hybrid TZEIORQ 24 × TZEIORQ 41 was the highest yielding and most stable across environments and should be further tested for consistent performance for commercialization in SSA.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8596 , 1469-5146
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0021859619000753
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498349-7
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genetic Variances and Heritabilities of Traits of an Early Yellow Maize Population after Cycles of Improvement for Striga Resistance and Drought Tolerance
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Crop Science Vol. 58, No. 6 ( 2018-11), p. 2261-2273
    Details
    In: Crop Science, Wiley, Vol. 58, No. 6 ( 2018-11), p. 2261-2273
    Abstract: Drought and Striga are principal constraints to maize ( Zea mays L.) production in sub‐Saharan Africa. An early yellow maize population, TZE‐Y Pop DT STR, which had undergone five cycles of selection for resistance to Striga , followed by three cycles of improvement for drought tolerance, was investigated for yield gains, changes in genetic variance, and interrelationships among traits under drought stress and optimum environments. Two hundred and forty S 1 lines comprising 60 each from the base population and subsequent populations from three selection cycles improved for grain yield and drought tolerance were assessed under drought and optimal environments in Nigeria from 2010 to 2012. Genetic improvements in grain yield of 423 and 518 kg ha −1 cycle −1 were achieved under drought stress and optimal environments. Predicted improvements in selection for yield were 348 and 377 kg ha −1 cycle −1 under drought stress and optimum environments, respectively. The highest yield observed in C 3 was accompanied by reduced days to silking and anthesis–silking interval, improved plant aspect and ear aspect, and increased plant height and ears per plant across research environments, as well as improved stay‐green characteristic under drought. The level of genetic variability for yield and a few other traits were maintained under drought and optimal environments in the population. The presence of residual genetic variability for yield and other assayed traits in C 3 indicated that progress could be made from future selection in the population depending on the ability of breeders to identify outstanding genotypes and the precision level of experimentation. Substantial improvement has been made in yield and drought tolerance in C 3 of the population.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0011-183X , 1435-0653
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2135/cropsci2017.10.0628
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1480918-7
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Distribution and genetic diversity among Aspergillus flavus isolates across three agro‐ecologies essential for maize cultivation in Ghana
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Plant Pathology Vol. 68, No. 8 ( 2019-10), p. 1565-1576
    Details
    In: Plant Pathology, Wiley, Vol. 68, No. 8 ( 2019-10), p. 1565-1576
    Abstract: Fungal mycotoxins are important contaminants of agricultural commodities that pose serious concerns to producers, consumers and exporters. Aflatoxin is a carcinogenic metabolite produced by the fungi Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus . These fungi and other mould species living in the soil contaminate several crops including maize. This study was undertaken with the following objectives: (i) to assess the presence of A. flavus and other moulds in Ghanaian soil; (ii) to determine the distribution and density of A. flavus under three agro‐ecologies noted for major maize production; and (iii) to assess the effect of percentage of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) and soil pH on A. flavus population densities and diversity in the isolates found across the agro‐ecologies. The data showed seven moulds that were common across the agro‐ecologies. Significant differences ( P   〈  0.05) were observed in the A. flavus density and distribution within and across these agro‐ecologies. Fumesua soils recorded the highest levels of A. flavus (1.185 × 10 3  cfu g −1 ) while Akomadan recorded the least (9.76 × 10 2  cfu g −1 ). Percentage available C, N and soil pH did not significantly influence A. flavus density. The A. flavus isolates identified in this study varied in genetic sequence within the aflatoxin gene cluster, but these differences were not distinguishable by origin.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0032-0862 , 1365-3059
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/ppa.v68.8
    DOI: 10.1111/ppa.13067
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020845-5
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Gains in Grain Yield of Extra‐Early Maize during Three Breeding Periods under Drought and Rainfed Conditions
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Crop Science Vol. 58, No. 6 ( 2018-11), p. 2399-2412
    Details
    In: Crop Science, Wiley, Vol. 58, No. 6 ( 2018-11), p. 2399-2412
    Abstract: Drought is a key maize ( Zea mays L.) production constraint in sub‐Saharan Africa. Fourteen, fifteen, and twenty‐five extra‐early maturing maize cultivars, with varying Striga resistance and drought and low soil N tolerance, were developed from 1995 to 2000 (Period 1), 2001 to 2006 (Period 2), and 2007 to 2012 (Period 3), respectively. The objectives of this study were to examine yield gains in the cultivars and to investigate inter‐trait relationships and yield stability under six drought and 17 rainfed conditions in West Africa from 2013 to 2016. Annual rate of yield increase across cultivars was 0.034 (3.28%) and 0.068 Mg ha −1 (2.25%), whereas yield gains per period were 0.17 and 0.38 Mg ha −1 under drought and rainfed environments, respectively. Yield gains under drought and rainfed environments were related to prolonged flowering period, increased plant and ear heights, improved stalk lodging, and ear and plant aspects, whereas delayed leaf senescence and increased number of ears per plant accompanied yield improvement under drought only. Ear aspect and number of ears per plant were primary contributors to yield and could be used as selection criteria for yield enhancement under drought and rainfed conditions. High‐yielding and stable cultivars across all environments based on additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) biplot included ‘2004 TZEE‐Y Pop STR C 4 ’ and ‘TZEE‐W Pop STR BC 2 C 0 ’ of Period 2 and ‘2009 TZEE‐W STR’, ‘TZEE‐Y STR 106’, ‘TZEE‐W STR 107’, and ‘TZEE‐W DT C 0 STR C 5 ’ of Period 3. These cultivars could be commercialized to improve food self‐sufficiency in sub‐Saharan Africa.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0011-183X , 1435-0653
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2135/cropsci2018.03.0168
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1480918-7
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genetic Analysis of QTL for Resistance to Maize Lethal Necrosis in Multiple Mapping Populations
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Genes Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2019-12-26), p. 32-
    Details
    In: Genes, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2019-12-26), p. 32-
    Abstract: Maize lethal necrosis (MLN) occurs when maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) and sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) co-infect maize plant. Yield loss of up to 100% can be experienced under severe infections. Identification and validation of genomic regions and their flanking markers can facilitate marker assisted breeding for resistance to MLN. To understand the status of previously identified quantitative trait loci (QTL)in diverse genetic background, F3 progenies derived from seven bi-parental populations were genotyped using 500 selected kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP) SNPs. The F3 progenies were evaluated under artificial MLN inoculation for three seasons. Phenotypic analyses revealed significant variability (P ≤ 0.01) among genotypes for responses to MLN infections, with high heritability estimates (0.62 to 0.82) for MLN disease severity and AUDPC values. Linkage mapping and joint linkage association mapping revealed at least seven major QTL (qMLN3_130 and qMLN3_142, qMLN5_190 and qMLN5_202, qMLN6_85 and qMLN6_157 qMLN8_10 and qMLN9_142) spread across the 7-biparetal populations, for resistance to MLN infections and were consistent with those reported previously. The seven QTL appeared to be stable across genetic backgrounds and across environments. Therefore, these QTL could be useful for marker assisted breeding for resistance to MLN.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4425
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/genes11010032
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527218-4
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