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  • MDPI AG  (82)
  • 2015-2019  (82)
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  • MDPI AG  (82)
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  • 2015-2019  (82)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Nitrogen Removal from Micro-Polluted Reservoir Water by Indigenous Aerobic Denitrifiers
    MDPI AG ; 2015
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 16, No. 12 ( 2015-04-10), p. 8008-8026
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 12 ( 2015-04-10), p. 8008-8026
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms16048008
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Molecular Hybridization-Guided One-Pot Multicomponent Synthesis of Turmerone Motif-Fused 3,3′-Pyrrolidinyl-dispirooxindoles via a 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction
    MDPI AG ; 2017
    In:  Molecules Vol. 22, No. 4 ( 2017-04-17), p. 645-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 22, No. 4 ( 2017-04-17), p. 645-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040645
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Synthesis of Novel Baicalein Amino Acid Derivatives and Biological Evaluation as Neuroprotective Agents
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Molecules Vol. 24, No. 20 ( 2019-10-09), p. 3647-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 20 ( 2019-10-09), p. 3647-
    Abstract: Baicalein, a famously effective component of the traditional Chinese medicine Rhizoma Huang Qin (Scutellaria altissima L.), has been proved to have potent neuroprotection and anti-platelet aggregation effects with few side effects. Meanwhile, recent studies have revealed that the introduction of amino acid to baicalein could improve its neuroprotective activity. In the present study, a series of novel baicalein amino acid derivatives were designed, synthesized, and screened for their neuroprotective effect against tert-butyl, hydroperoxide-induced, SH-SY5Y neurotoxicity cells and toxicity on the normal H9C2 cell line by standard methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay. In addition, all of the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and high resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS). The results showed that most of the compounds provided more potent neuroprotection than baicalein, and were equivalent to the positive drug edaravin. They showed no obvious cytotoxicity on normal H9C2 cells. Notably, the most active compound 8 displayed the highest protective effect (50% effective concentration (EC50) = 4.31 μM) against tert-butyl, hydroperoxide-induced, SH-SY5Y neurotoxicity cells, which was much better than the baicalein (EC50 = 24.77 μM) and edaravin (EC50 = 5.62 μM). Further research on the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model indicated that compound 8 could significantly increase angiogenesis, which might promote neurovascular proliferation. The detection of apoptosis analysis showed that compound 8 could dramatically alleviate morphological manifestations of cell damage. Moreover, the benzyloxycarbonyl (cbz)-protected baicalein amino acid derivatives showed better neuroprotective activity than the t-Butyloxy carbonyl (boc)-protected derivatives.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203647
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Piezoelectric Active Humidity Sensors Based on Lead-Free NaNbO3 Piezoelectric Nanofibers
    MDPI AG ; 2016
    In:  Sensors Vol. 16, No. 6 ( 2016-06-07), p. 833-
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 6 ( 2016-06-07), p. 833-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s16060833
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate on the Hypothalamus–Uterus in Pubertal Female Rats
    MDPI AG ; 2016
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2016-11-12), p. 1130-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2016-11-12), p. 1130-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13111130
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of Temperature and Strain Rate on the Fracture Behaviors of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Materials Vol. 11, No. 7 ( 2018-07-18), p. 1233-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 7 ( 2018-07-18), p. 1233-
    Abstract: Effects of temperature and strain rate on the fracture behaviors of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy are investigated by isothermal uniaxial tensile experiments at a wide range of temperatures and strain rates, from room temperature (RT) to 400 °C and from 10−4 s−1 to 10−1 s–1, respectively. Generally, the elevation of temperature leads to the increasing of elongation to fracture and the reduction of peak stress, while higher strain rate results in the decreasing of elongation to fracture and the increasing of peak stress. Interestingly, we found that the coefficient of strain rate sensitivity (m-value) considerably rises at 200 °C and work of fracture (Wf) fluctuates drastically with the increase of strain rate at RT and 100 °C, both of which signify a non-uniform and unstable deformation state below 200 °C. A competition of work hardening (WH) and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) exists at 200 °C, making it serve as a transitional temperature. Below 200 °C, WH is the main deformation mechanism of flow stress, and DRX dominates the flow stress above 200 °C. It has been found that from RT to 200 °C, the main feature of microstructure is the generation of dimples and microvoids. Above 200 °C, the coalescence of dimples and microvoids mainly leads to the failure of specimen, while the phenomenon of typically equiaxed dimples and nucleation appear at 400 °C. The observations of microstructure are perfectly consistent with the related macroscopic results. The present work is able to provide a comprehensive understanding of flow stress of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy at a wide range of temperatures and strain rates, which will offer valuable information to the optimization of the hot forming process and structural design of the studied alloy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma11071233
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Improving Yield and Quality of Processing Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Miller) Using Alternate Partial Root-Zone Drip Irrigation in Arid Northwest China
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Water Vol. 11, No. 7 ( 2019-07-20), p. 1503-
    Details
    In: Water, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 7 ( 2019-07-20), p. 1503-
    Abstract: Processing tomato is one of the most important economic crops in Xinjiang, China, which was constrained with severe water shortage and extreme arid climate. Alternate partial root-zone irrigation (APRI) may provide an effective way to increase irrigation water use efficiency (iWUE) without yield reduction. However, limited studies concerned about applying APRI in processing tomato plantation have been done, especially combined with drip irrigation to further control the irrigation and improve iWUE. Therefore, the two-year pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of different irrigation treatments, including three APRI treatments (irrigation quota of 67.5, 51.6, and 43.7 mm, respectively), fixed partial root-zoon drip irrigation (FPRI, 67.5 mm) and conventional drip irrigation (CDI, 67.5 mm). The results indicated that APRI was an appropriate irrigation method in processing tomato plantation in arid desert area such as Xinjiang, as high irrigation quota of APRI (APRIH) significantly improved its yield without fruit quality reduction in comparison with those of CDI. However, the yield without fruit quality of FPRI significantly decreased. Even if the irrigation quota of APRI decreased to the medium level (APRIM, 51.6 mm), iWUE by increased 31.8–32.7% on the contrary, as irrigation water was saved by 23.6%; while keeping the yield and fruit quality. Therefore, APRIM is recommended for processing tomato plantation in arid northwest China, to increase plant growth, fruit quality, yield, and iWUE synergistically.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4441
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/w11071503
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2521238-2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chemical and Transcriptomic Analysis of Cuticle Lipids under Cold Stress in Thellungiella salsuginea
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 20, No. 18 ( 2019-09-12), p. 4519-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 20, No. 18 ( 2019-09-12), p. 4519-
    Abstract: Plant cuticle lipids form outer protective layers to resist environmental stresses; however, the relationship between cuticle properties and cold tolerance is unclear. Here, the extremophyte Thellungiella salsuginea was stressed under cold conditions (4 °C) and the cuticle of rosette leaves was examined in terms of epicuticular wax crystal morphology, chemical composition, and cuticle-associated gene expression. The results show that cold induced formation of distinct lamellas within the cuticle ultrastructure. Cold stress caused 14.58% and 12.04% increases in the amount of total waxes and cutin monomer per unit of leaf area, respectively, probably associated with the increase in total fatty acids. The transcriptomic analysis was performed on rosette leaves of Thellungiella exposed to cold for 24 h. We analyzed the expression of 72 genes putatively involved in cuticle lipid metabolism, some of which were validated by qRT-PCR (quantitative reverse transcription PCR) after both 24 h and one week of cold exposure. Most cuticle-associated genes exhibited higher expression levels under cold conditions, and some key genes increased more dramatically over the one week than after just 24 h, which could be associated with increased amounts of some cuticle components. These results demonstrate that the cuticle provides some aspects of cold adaptation in T. salsuginea.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184519
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A High-Order Numerical Manifold Method for Darcy Flow in Heterogeneous Porous Media
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Processes Vol. 6, No. 8 ( 2018-08-01), p. 111-
    Details
    In: Processes, MDPI AG, Vol. 6, No. 8 ( 2018-08-01), p. 111-
    Abstract: One major challenge in modeling Darcy flow in heterogeneous porous media is simulating the material interfaces accurately. To overcome this defect, the refraction law is fully introduced into the numerical manifold method (NMM) as an a posteriori condition. To achieve a better accuracy of the Darcy velocity and continuous nodal velocity, a high-order weight function with a continuous nodal gradient is adopted. NMM is an advanced method with two independent cover systems, which can easily solve both continuous and discontinuous problems in a unified form. Moreover, a regular mathematical mesh, independent of the physical domain, is used in the NMM model. Compared to the conforming mesh of other numerical methods, it is more efficient and flexible. A number of numerical examples were simulated by the new NMM model, comparing the results with the original NMM model and the analytical solutions. Thereby, it is proven that the proposed method is accurate, efficient, and robust for modeling Darcy flow in heterogeneous porous media, while the refraction law is satisfied rigorously.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9717
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/pr6080111
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720994-5
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Robot with Decoupled Mechanical Structure and Adapted State Machine Control for Both Ground and Staircase Situations
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 9, No. 23 ( 2019-11-29), p. 5185-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 23 ( 2019-11-29), p. 5185-
    Abstract: The rapid development of e-commerce makes the last-mile problem more and more prominent. To meet the requirements of such a scenario, this paper proposes a robot with a decoupled mechanical structure. Such a hexapod robot is divided into a chassis frame with a pair of auxiliary wheel-legs for horizontal movement, a tetrapod for vertical movement, and a slide-and-rail mechanism to connect the former two parts. Such a structure is simple and, thus, cost-efficient; by managing the horizontal and vertical movements, such a robot can keep the balance and safety of the load in the various operation environments, such as roads, staircases, and even indoor ones. Meanwhile, a state-machine-based controller, which adapts well to the unique structure of the proposed robot, is also proposed, simplifying the sequential control of the robot. A prototype robot with 30-kg load ability was built, and the experimental results prove the validity of the design.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app9235185
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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