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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Improving Nutrition Care, Delivery, and Intakes Among Hospitalised Patients: A Mixed Methods, Integrated Knowledge Translation Study
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 11, No. 6 ( 2019-06-24), p. 1417-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 6 ( 2019-06-24), p. 1417-
    Abstract: Malnutrition is a common and complex problem in hospitals. This study used an integrated knowledge translation approach to develop, implement, and evaluate a multifaceted, tailored intervention to improve nutrition care, delivery, and intake among acute medical inpatients. This observational, pre-post study was conducted in a medical ward at a public hospital in Australia. The intervention was co-developed with key stakeholders and targeted three levels: individuals (nutrition intake magnets at patient bedsides), the ward (multidisciplinary hospital staff training), and the organisation (foodservice system changes). Observational data were collected pre- and post-intervention on patient demographics, food intakes, and the mealtime environment. Data were entered into SPSS and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Ethical approval was gained through the hospital and university ethics committees. A total of 207 patients were observed; 116 pre- and 91 post-intervention. After intervention implementation, patients’ mean energy and protein intakes (in proportion to their estimated requirements) were significantly higher and the number of patients eating adequately doubled (p 〈 0.05). In summary, a multifaceted, pragmatic intervention, tailored to the study context and developed and implemented alongside hospital staff and patients, seemed to be effective in improving nutrition practices and patient nutrition intakes on an acute medical ward.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu11061417
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    IgG Antibody Response to the Pfizer BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Healthcare Workers with Healthy Weight, Overweight, and Obesity
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Vaccines Vol. 10, No. 4 ( 2022-03-25), p. 512-
    Details
    In: Vaccines, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 4 ( 2022-03-25), p. 512-
    Abstract: Obesity is a significant factor for increased morbidity and mortality upon infection with SARS-CoV-2. Because of the higher potential for negative outcomes following infection of individuals with obesity, the impact of body mass index (BMI) on vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy is an important public health concern. Few studies have measured the magnitude and durability of the vaccine-specific response in relation to BMI. We measured the receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific serum IgG and surrogate neutralizing titers in a cohort of 126 vaccinated individuals with no clinical history or serological evidence of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection 50 and 200 days following vaccination. BMI had no significant impact on RBD-specific IgG titers and surrogate neutralizing titers 50 days following immunization, and leptin levels had no correlation with the response to immunization. Two hundred days following immunization, antibody titers in all groups had declined by approximately 90%. The responses were also similar between male and female participants and did not significantly vary across age groups. These results indicate that the magnitude and durability of the antibody response to mRNA-based vaccines are unaffected by BMI in this cohort.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-393X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10040512
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2703319-3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Development and Process Evaluation of a Complex Intervention for Improving Nutrition among Hospitalised Patients: A Mixed Methods Study
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Healthcare Vol. 7, No. 2 ( 2019-06-24), p. 79-
    Details
    In: Healthcare, MDPI AG, Vol. 7, No. 2 ( 2019-06-24), p. 79-
    Abstract: Hospital-acquired malnutrition is a significant issue with complex aetiology, hence nutrition interventions must be multifaceted and context-specific. This paper describes the development, implementation and process evaluation of a complex intervention for improving nutrition among medical patients in an Australian hospital. An integrated knowledge translation (iKT) approach was used for intervention development, informed by previous research. Intervention strategies targeted patients (via a nutrition intake monitoring system); staff (discipline-specific training targeting identified barriers); and the organisation (foodservice system changes). A process evaluation was conducted parallel to implementation assessing reach, dose, fidelity and staff responses to the intervention using a mixed-methods design (quantitative and qualitative approaches). Staff-level interventions had high fidelity and broad reach (61% nurses, 93% foodservice staff and all medical staff received training). Patient and organisation interventions were implemented effectively, but due to staffing issues, only reached around 60% of patients. Staff found all intervention strategies acceptable with benefits to practice. This study found an iKT approach useful for designing a nutrition intervention that was context-specific, feasible and acceptable to staff. This was likely due to engagement of multiple disciplines, identifying and targeting specific areas in need of improvement, and giving staff frequent opportunities to contribute to intervention development/implementation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/healthcare7020079
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2721009-1
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    The Relationship between Dark Triad Personality Traits and Sexting Behaviors among Adolescents and Young Adults across 11 Countries
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 18, No. 5 ( 2021-03-04), p. 2526-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 18, No. 5 ( 2021-03-04), p. 2526-
    Abstract: Background: Sexting is an increasingly common phenomenon among adolescents and young adults. Some studies have investigated the role of personality traits in different sexting behaviors within mainstream personality taxonomies like Big Five and HEXACO. However, very few studies have investigated the role of maladaptive personality factors in sexting. Therefore, the present study investigated the relationship between Dark Triad Personality Traits and experimental (i.e., sharing own sexts), risky (i.e., sexting under substance use and with strangers), and aggravated sexting (i.e., non-consensual sexting and sexting under pressure) across 11 countries. Methods: An online survey was completed by 6093 participants (Mage = 20.35; SDage = 3.63) from 11 different countries which covered four continents (Europe, Asia, Africa, and America). Participants completed the Sexting Behaviors Questionnaire and the 12-item Dark Triad Dirty Dozen scale. Results: Hierarchical regression analyses showed that sharing own sexts was positively predicted by Machiavellianism and Narcissism. Both risky and aggravated sexting were positively predicted by Machiavellianism and Psychopathy. Conclusions: The present study provided empirical evidence that different sexting behaviors were predicted by Dark Triad Personality Traits, showing a relevant role of Machiavellianism in all kinds of investigated sexting behaviors. Research, clinical, and education implications for prevention programs are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052526
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Current Perspectives on the Use of off the Shelf CAR-T/NK Cells for the Treatment of Cancer
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Cancers Vol. 13, No. 8 ( 2021-04-16), p. 1926-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 8 ( 2021-04-16), p. 1926-
    Abstract: CAR T cells have revolutionised the treatment of haematological malignancies. Despite this, several obstacles still prohibit their widespread use and efficacy. One of these barriers is the use of autologous T cells as the carrier of the CAR. The individual production of CAR T cells results in large variation in the product, greater wait times for treatment and higher costs. To overcome this several novel approaches have emerged that utilise allogeneic cells, so called “off the shelf” CAR T cells. In this Review, we describe the different approaches that have been used to produce allogeneic CAR T to date, as well as their current pre-clinical and clinical progress.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081926
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 6
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    Safety and Tolerability of SRX246, a Vasopressin 1a Antagonist, in Irritable Huntington’s Disease Patients—A Randomized Phase 2 Clinical Trial
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 9, No. 11 ( 2020-11-16), p. 3682-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 11 ( 2020-11-16), p. 3682-
    Abstract: SRX246 is a vasopressin (AVP) 1a receptor antagonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier. It reduced impulsive aggression, fear, depression and anxiety in animal models, blocked the actions of intranasal AVP on aggression/fear circuits in an experimental medicine fMRI study and demonstrated excellent safety in Phase 1 multiple-ascending dose clinical trials. The present study was a 3-arm, multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, 12-week, dose escalation study of SRX246 in early symptomatic Huntington’s disease (HD) patients with irritability. Our goal was to determine whether SRX246 was safe and well tolerated in these HD patients given its potential use for the treatment of problematic neuropsychiatric symptoms. Participants were randomized to receive placebo or to escalate to 120 mg twice daily or 160 mg twice daily doses of SRX246. Assessments included standard safety tests, the Unified Huntington’s Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS), and exploratory measures of problem behaviors. The groups had comparable demographics, features of HD and baseline irritability. Eighty-two out of 106 subjects randomized completed the trial on their assigned dose of drug. One-sided exact-method confidence interval tests were used to reject the null hypothesis of inferior tolerability or safety for each dose group vs. placebo. Apathy and suicidality were not affected by SRX246. Most adverse events in the active arms were considered unlikely to be related to SRX246. The compound was safe and well tolerated in HD patients and can be moved forward as a candidate to treat irritability and aggression.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113682
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Detection of Age-Related Somatic Alterations in Canine Blood Using Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Liquid Biopsy: An Analysis of over 4800 Dogs
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Veterinary Sciences Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2023-07-11), p. 455-
    Details
    In: Veterinary Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2023-07-11), p. 455-
    Abstract: Age-related somatic genomic alterations in hematopoietic cell lines have been well characterized in humans; however, this phenomenon has not been well studied in other species. Next-generation sequencing-based liquid biopsy testing for cancer detection was recently developed for dogs and has been used to study the genomic profiles of blood samples from thousands of canine patients since 2021. In this study, 4870 client-owned dogs with and without a diagnosis or suspicion of cancer underwent liquid biopsy testing by this method. Copy number variants detected exclusively in genomic DNA derived from white blood cells (WBC gDNA-specific CNVs) were observed in 126 dogs (2.6%; 95% CI: 2.2–3.1); these copy number variants were absent from matched plasma cell-free DNA, and from tumor tissue in dogs with concurrent cancer. These findings were more common in older dogs and were persistent in WBC gDNA in over 70% of patients, with little to no change in the amplitude of the signal across longitudinal samples. Many of these alterations were observed at recurrent locations in the genome across subjects; the most common finding was a partial loss on CFA25, typically accompanied by a partial gain on the same chromosome. These early findings suggest that age-related somatic alterations may be present at an appreciable frequency in the general canine population. Further research is needed to determine the clinical significance of these findings.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2306-7381
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10070455
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2768971-2
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Exploring Perceived Importance of a Novel Emergency Food Program during COVID-19 and Program Recipient Characteristics
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 18, No. 20 ( 2021-10-14), p. 10786-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 18, No. 20 ( 2021-10-14), p. 10786-
    Abstract: Following rising unemployment rates and consequent loss of income due to COVID-19, many people have been seeking meal assistance. This study examines the impact of a community-based free meal distribution program during the pandemic in Kentucky, reviewing characteristics of recipients of the program. Demographics, health behaviors, food insecure classification, and rating of importance of the meal program were collected. Qualitative feedback on the impact of the program was collected via open response. Of the 92 participants using the meal service, the cohort was female, Black, 43 years of age (43.5 ± 15.0 years), with a household income under 30,000 USD before COVID, decreased income since COVID, and were food insecure. Recipients rated the importance of the service as 8.7 ± 1.8 (of 10), and those with children indicated the importance as 4.2 ± 1.1 (of 5). Qualitative data on program importance highlighted four response categories including “changed habits”, “mental wellbeing”, “provided resources”, and “other”. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, many individuals have struggled. Meal assistance programs are a fundamental asset in the community that have seen marketed demand since COVID-19. Collaboration with, and evaluation of, meal assistance programs can be valuable for continued programmatic funding support.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010786
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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