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  • Copernicus GmbH  (323)
  • 2015-2019  (323)
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  • Copernicus GmbH  (323)
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  • 2015-2019  (323)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Quantifying atmospheric nitrogen deposition through a nationwide monitoring network across China
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2015
    In:  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Vol. 15, No. 21 ( 2015-11-09), p. 12345-12360
    Details
    In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 15, No. 21 ( 2015-11-09), p. 12345-12360
    Abstract: Abstract. A Nationwide Nitrogen Deposition Monitoring Network (NNDMN) containing 43 monitoring sites was established in China to measure gaseous NH3, NO2, and HNO3 and particulate NH4+ and NO3− in air and/or precipitation from 2010 to 2014. Wet/bulk deposition fluxes of Nr species were collected by precipitation gauge method and measured by continuous-flow analyzer; dry deposition fluxes were estimated using airborne concentration measurements and inferential models. Our observations reveal large spatial variations of atmospheric Nr concentrations and dry and wet/bulk Nr deposition. On a national basis, the annual average concentrations (1.3–47.0 μg N m−3) and dry plus wet/bulk deposition fluxes (2.9–83.3 kg N ha−1 yr−1) of inorganic Nr species are ranked by land use as urban 〉 rural 〉 background sites and by regions as north China 〉 southeast China 〉 southwest China 〉 northeast China 〉 northwest China 〉 Tibetan Plateau, reflecting the impact of anthropogenic Nr emission. Average dry and wet/bulk N deposition fluxes were 20.6 ± 11.2 (mean ± standard deviation) and 19.3 ± 9.2 kg N ha−1 yr−1 across China, with reduced N deposition dominating both dry and wet/bulk deposition. Our results suggest atmospheric dry N deposition is equally important to wet/bulk N deposition at the national scale. Therefore, both deposition forms should be included when considering the impacts of N deposition on environment and ecosystem health.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1680-7324
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/acp-15-12345-2015
    DOI: 10.5194/acp-15-12345-2015-supplement
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2092549-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2069847-1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    ICE FLOW VELOCITY MAPPING OF EAST ANTARCTICA FROM 1963 TO 1989
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2019
    In:  The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences Vol. XLII-2/W13 ( 2019-06-05), p. 1735-1739
    Details
    In: The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. XLII-2/W13 ( 2019-06-05), p. 1735-1739
    Abstract: Abstract. Long-time serial observation of surface ice flow velocity in Antarctic is a crucial component in estimating the mass balance of Antarctic ice sheet. However, there is a lack of historical continental scale velocity maps of Antarctica before the 1990s. Historical optical images such as ARGON and Landsat images before 1990s are difficult to be used for ice flow velocity mapping, due to the fact that they are mostly not strictly geo-processed (e.g., ortho-rectified) and the image quality is lower than those of recent sensors. This paper presents a systematic framework for developing a surface velocity map of East Antarctica from 1963 to 1989 based on historical ARGON and Landsat images, followed by analysis of spatial-temporal changes of the ice flow velocity in some major glaciers, as well as the dynamic changes. The preliminary comparison with existing products suggests that the glaciers in Wilkes Land experienced an increasing trend with obvious fluctuations during the past ∼50 years, while the glaciers near Transantarctic Mountains tended to be stable or slightly fluctuating to a certain degree.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2194-9034
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-1735-2019
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2874092-0
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Nitrogen control of 〈sup〉13〈/sup〉C enrichment in heterotrophic organs relative to leaves in a landscape-building desert plant species
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2015
    In:  Biogeosciences Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2015-01-05), p. 15-27
    Details
    In: Biogeosciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2015-01-05), p. 15-27
    Abstract: Abstract. A longstanding puzzle in isotope studies of C3 plant species is that heterotrophic plant organs (e.g., stems, roots, seeds, and fruits) tend to be enriched in 13C compared to the autotrophic organ (leaves) that provides them with photosynthate. Our inability to explain this puzzle suggests key deficiencies in understanding post-photosynthetic metabolic processes. It also limits the effectiveness of applications of stable carbon isotope analyses in a variety of scientific disciplines ranging from plant physiology to global carbon cycle studies. To gain insight into this puzzle, we excavated whole plant architectures of Nitraria tangutorum Bobrov, a C3 species that has an exceptional capability of fixing sands and building sand dunes, in two deserts in northwestern China. We systematically and simultaneously measured carbon isotope ratios and nitrogen and phosphorous contents of different parts of the excavated plants. We also determined the seasonal variations in leaf carbon isotope ratios on nearby intact plants of N. tangutorum. We found, for the first time, that higher nitrogen contents in heterotrophic organs were significantly correlated with increased heterotrophic 13C enrichment compared to leaves. However, phosphorous contents had no effect on the enrichment. In addition, new leaves had carbon isotope ratios similar to roots but were progressively depleted in 13C as they matured. We concluded that a nitrogen-mediated process, hypothesized to be the refixation of respiratory CO2 by phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) carboxylase, was responsible for the differences in 13C enrichment among different heterotrophic organs, while processes such as fractionating foliar metabolism and preferentially loading into phloem of 13C-enriched sugars may contribute to the overall autotrophic–heterotrophic difference in carbon isotope compositions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4189
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-12-15-2015
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-12-15-2015-supplement
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2158181-2
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    DYNAMIC MONITORING OF SOIL AND WATER LOSSES USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TECHNIQUES: A CASE STUDY OF JIALING RIVER, YANGTZE RIVER, CHINA
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2016
    In:  ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences Vol. XLI-B8 ( 2016-06-24), p. 947-951
    Details
    In: ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. XLI-B8 ( 2016-06-24), p. 947-951
    Abstract: Water and soil loss problems are serious in China, especially in the upper and middle reaches of big rivers. This paper dynamically observed water and soil loss in key control regions in Jialing River Basin. Based on remotely sensed images, the method used in this paper is a combination of field investigation and indoor artificial interpretation under the technologies of RS and GIS. The method was proven to be effective of improving the accuracy of interpreting. The result shows the land use types of the researched regions and how they changed among the previous years. Evaluation of water and soil conservation was made. This result can provide references for further policy-making and water and soil loss controlling.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2194-9034
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B8-947-2016
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2874092-0
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    DYNAMIC MONITORING OF SOIL AND WATER LOSSES USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TECHNIQUES: A CASE STUDY OF JIALING RIVER, YANGTZE RIVER, CHINA
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2016
    In:  The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences Vol. XLI-B8 ( 2016-06-24), p. 947-951
    Details
    In: The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. XLI-B8 ( 2016-06-24), p. 947-951
    Abstract: Abstract. Water and soil loss problems are serious in China, especially in the upper and middle reaches of big rivers. This paper dynamically observed water and soil loss in key control regions in Jialing River Basin. Based on remotely sensed images, the method used in this paper is a combination of field investigation and indoor artificial interpretation under the technologies of RS and GIS. The method was proven to be effective of improving the accuracy of interpreting. The result shows the land use types of the researched regions and how they changed among the previous years. Evaluation of water and soil conservation was made. This result can provide references for further policy-making and water and soil loss controlling.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2194-9034
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/isprs-archives-XLI-B8-947-2016
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2874092-0
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The impacts of firework burning at the Chinese Spring Festival on air quality: insights of tracers, source evolution and aging processes
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2015
    In:  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Vol. 15, No. 4 ( 2015-02-27), p. 2167-2184
    Details
    In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 15, No. 4 ( 2015-02-27), p. 2167-2184
    Abstract: Abstract. To understand the impact of firework-burning (FW) particles on air quality and human health during the winter haze period, 39 elements, 10 water-soluble ions and 8 fractions of carbonaceous species in atmospheric PM2.5 in Nanjing were investigated during the 2014 Chinese Spring Festival (SF). Serious regional haze pollution persisted throughout the entire sampling period, with PM2.5 averaging at 113 ± 69 μg m−3 and visibility at 4.8 ± 3.2 km. The holiday effect led to almost all the chemical species decreasing during the SF, except for Al, K, Ba and Sr which were related to FW. The source contributions of coal combustion, vehicle emission and road dust decreased dramatically, whereas FW contributed to about half of the PM2.5 during the SF period. The intensive emission of FW particles on New Year's Eve accounted for 60.1% of the PM2.5. Fireworks also obviously modified the chemical compositions of PM2.5, with 39.3% contributed by increased organic matter, followed by steadily increased loadings of secondary inorganic ions. The aging processes of the FW particles lasted for about 4 days reflected by the variations of Ba, Sr, NH4+, NO3−, SO42− and K+, characterized by heterogeneous reactions of SO2 and NOx on crustal materials directly from FW, the replacement of Cl− by NO3− and SO42−, coating of NO3− and SO42− on soot, formation of secondary organic aerosols and metal-catalyzed formation of NO3− and SO42− at higher relative humidity. During aging, the main contributors to the extinction coefficient shifted from elemental carbon and organic matter to ammonium sulfate. The particles raised higher cancer risk of 1.62 × 10−6 by heavy metals (especially for Cd and As). This study provided detailed composition data and first comprehensive analysis of the aging processes of FW particles during the serious haze pollution period and their potential impact on human health.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1680-7324
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/acp-15-2167-2015
    DOI: 10.5194/acp-15-2167-2015-supplement
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2092549-9
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Black carbon aerosol in winter northeastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, China: the source, mixing state and optical property
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2015
    In:  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Vol. 15, No. 22 ( 2015-11-25), p. 13059-13069
    Details
    In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 15, No. 22 ( 2015-11-25), p. 13059-13069
    Abstract: Abstract. Black carbon (BC) aerosol at high altitudes of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau has potential effects on the regional climate and hydrological cycle. An intensive measurement campaign was conducted at Qinghai Lake (~ 3200 m above sea level) at the edge of the northeastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau during winter using a ground-based single particle soot photometer (SP2) and a photoacoustic extinctiometer (PAX). The average concentration of refractory BC (rBC) and number fraction of coated rBC were found to be 160 ± 190 ng m−3 and 59 % for the entire campaign, respectively. Significant enhancements of rBC loadings and number fraction of coated rBC were observed during a pollution episode, with an average value of 390 ng m−3 and 65 %, respectively. The mass size distribution of rBC particles showed log-normal distribution, with a peak diameter of ~ 187 nm regardless of the pollution level. Five-day backward trajectory analysis suggests that the air masses from north India contributed to the increased rBC loadings during the campaign. The potential source contribution function (PSCF) model combined with the fire counts map further proves that biomass burning from north India is an important potential source influencing the northeastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau during the pollution episode. The rBC mass absorption cross section (MACrBC) at λ = 532 nm was slightly larger in clean days (14.9 m2 g−1) than during the pollution episode (9.3 m2 g−1), likely due to the effects of brown carbon and the uncertainty of the MACrBC calculation. The MACrBC was positively correlated with number fraction of coated rBC during the pollution episode with an increasing rate of 0.18 (m2 g−1) %−1. The number fraction of coated rBC particles showed positive correlation with light absorption, suggesting that the increase of coated rBC particles will enhance the light absorption. Compared to rBC mass concentration, rBC mixing sate is more important in determining absorption during the pollution episode, estimated from the same percentage-wise increment of either rBC mass concentration or the number fraction of coated rBC. The estimated BC direct radiative forcing was +0.93 W m−2 for the pollution episode, which is 2 times larger than that in clean days. Our study provides insight into the potential climatic impacts of rBC aerosol transported to the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau from south Asian regions, and is also useful for future modeling studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1680-7324
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/acp-15-13059-2015
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2092549-9
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    COMPACT AND HYBRID FEATURE DESCRIPTION FOR BUILDING EXTRACTION
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2017
    In:  The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences Vol. XLII-1/W1 ( 2017-05-31), p. 643-646
    Details
    In: The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. XLII-1/W1 ( 2017-05-31), p. 643-646
    Abstract: Abstract. Building extraction in aerial orthophotos is crucial for various applications. Currently, deep learning has been shown to be successful in addressing building extraction with high accuracy and high robustness. However, quite a large number of samples is required in training a classifier when using deep learning model. In order to realize accurate and semi-interactive labelling, the performance of feature description is crucial, as it has significant effect on the accuracy of classification. In this paper, we bring forward a compact and hybrid feature description method, in order to guarantees desirable classification accuracy of the corners on the building roof contours. The proposed descriptor is a hybrid description of an image patch constructed from 4 sets of binary intensity tests. Experiments show that benefiting from binary description and making full use of color channels, this descriptor is not only computationally frugal, but also accurate than SURF for building extraction.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2194-9034
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-1-W1-643-2017
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2874092-0
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    COMPILING TECHNIQUES FOR EAST ANTARCTIC ICE VELOCITY MAPPING BASED ON HISTORICAL OPTICAL IMAGERY
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2018
    In:  The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences Vol. XLII-3 ( 2018-05-02), p. 2625-2628
    Details
    In: The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. XLII-3 ( 2018-05-02), p. 2625-2628
    Abstract: Abstract. Ice flow velocity over long time series in East Antarctica plays a vital role in estimating and predicting the mass balance of Antarctic Ice Sheet and its contribution to global sea level rise. However, there is no Antarctic ice velocity product with large space scale available showing the East Antarctic ice flow velocity pattern before the 1990s. We proposed three methods including parallax decomposition, grid-based NCC image matching, feature and gird-based image matching with constraints for estimation of surface velocity in East Antarctica based on ARGON KH-5 and LANDSAT imagery, showing the feasibility of using historical optical imagery to obtain Antarctic ice motion. Based on these previous studies, we presented a set of systematic method for developing ice surface velocity product for the entire East Antarctica from the 1960s to the 1980s in this paper.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2194-9034
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-3-2625-2018
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    A New Application of Photogrammetry in the Underground Pipe Network Survey
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2016
    In:  The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences Vol. XLI-B5 ( 2016-06-16), p. 871-874
    Details
    In: The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. XLI-B5 ( 2016-06-16), p. 871-874
    Abstract: Abstract. This paper mainly introduces a device that can be used for underground pipeline survey task. Through the cameras installed on the device, we can obtain stereo synchronous shooting images, and then use the method of close range photogrammetry to investigate and measure underground objects. During working process, the staff put the camera into the well and to control camera shooting from the ground. Greatly improve work efficiency, at the same time to avoid the underground toxis gas damage to people. The main content of this paper includes three parts: hardware design, software development and test production.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2194-9034
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/isprs-archives-XLI-B5-871-2016
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2874092-0
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