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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer
    Keywords: Earth sciences ; Earth Sciences ; Geology ; Oceanography ; Geomorphology ; Meereskunde ; Meeresboden ; Meeresgeologie ; Meeressediment ; Geomorphologie ; Meeresboden ; Sonar ; Topografie ; Hydroakustik ; Relief ; Geomorphographie
    Description / Table of Contents: This book on the current state of knowledge of submarine geomorphology aims to achieve the goals of the Submarine Geomorphology working group, set up in 2013, by establishing submarine geomorphology as a field of research, disseminating its concepts and techniques among earth scientists and professionals, and encouraging students to develop their skills and knowledge in this field. Editors have invited 30 experts from around the world to contribute chapters to this book, which is divided into 4 sections - (i) Introduction & history, (ii) Data & methods, (ii) Submarine landforms & processes and (iv) Conclusions & future directions. Each chapter provides a review of a topic, establishes the state-of-the-art, identifies the key research questions that need to be addressed, and delineates a strategy on how to achieve this. Submarine geomorphology is a priority for many research institutions, government authorities and industries globally. The book is useful for undergraduate and graduate students, and professionals with limited training in this field
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 556 p. 195 illus., 55 illus. in color, online resource)
    ISBN: 9783319578521
    Series Statement: Springer Geology
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Keywords: Earth sciences ; Earth Sciences ; Sedimentology ; Oceanography ; Natural disasters ; Geotechnical engineering ; Physical geography ; Earth sciences ; Sedimentology ; Oceanography ; Natural disasters ; Geotechnical engineering ; Physical geography ; Konferenzschrift 2015 ; Submarine Gleitung ; Meeresgeologie ; Submarine Gleitung ; Massenbewegung ; Meeresgeologie ; Meeresboden ; Suspensionsströmung ; Submarine Gleitung ; Turbidit
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences: Progress and Challenges -- Part I Submarine Mass Movement in Margin Construction and Economic Significance2. The Role of Submarine Landslides in the Law of the Sea -- 3. Fabric Development and Pore-Throat Reduction in a Mass-Transport Deposit in the Jubilee Gas Field, Eastern Gulf of Mexico: Consequences for the Sealing Capacity of MTDs -- 4. Seismic geomorphology of the Israel Slump Complex in the central Levant Basin (SE Mediterranean) -- 5. Multiple Megaslide Complexes and their Significance for the Miocene stratigraphic evolution of the offshore Amazon Basin -- 6. Kinematics of submarine slope failures in the deepwater Taranaki Basin, New Zealand -- Part II Failure dynamics from landslide geomorphology -- 7. Postglacial Mass Failures in the Inner Hardangerfjorden System, Western Norway -- 8. Onshore and offshore geomorphological features of the El Golfo debris avalanche (El Hierro, Canary Islands) -- 9. New insights on failure and post-failure dynamics of submarine landslides on the intra-slope Palmarola ridge (Central Tyrrhenian Sea) -- 10. Assessment of Canyon Wall Failure Process from Multibeam Bathymetry and Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) Observations, U.S. Atlantic Continental Margin -- 11. The Chuí Megaslide Complex: regional-scale submarine landslides on the Southern Brazilian Margin -- 12. Submarine landslides and incised canyons of the southeast Queensland continental margin -- 13. Novel method to map the morphology of submarine landslide headwall scarps using Remotely Operated Vehicles -- 14. Flow behaviour of a giant landslide and debris flow entering Agadir Canyon, NW Africa -- 15. Fine-Scale Morphology of Tubeworm Slump, Monterey Canyon -- 16. Submarine slide topography and the Distribution of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems: A Case Study in the Ionian Sea (Eastern Mediterranean) -- Part III Geotechnical aspects of mass movement -- 17. Shear Strength of Siliciclastic Sediments from Passive and Active Margins (0-100 meters below seafloor): Insights into Seismic Strengthening -- 18. A small volume calibration chamber for cone penetration testing (CPT) on submarine soils -- 19. Underwater Mass Movements in Lake Mjøsa, Norway -- 20. In situ cyclic softening of marine silts by vibratory CPTU at Orkdalsfjord test site, mid Norway -- 21. First results of the geotechnical in situ investigation for soil characterisation along the upper slope off Vesterålen - Northern Norway -- 22. A novel micro-shear tester for failure analysis of fine and cohesive granular matter -- 23. Knickpoint migration induced by landslide: Evidence from laboratory to field observations in Wabush Lake -- 24. Multiple flow slide experiment in the Westerschelde Estuary, The Netherlands -- Part IV Multidisciplinary case studies -- 25. Submarine mass wasting on Hovgaard Ridge, Fram Strait, European Arctic -- 26. 3D seismic investigations of Pleistocene Mass Transport Deposits and Glacigenic Debris Flows on the North Sea Fan, NE Atlantic Margin -- 27. Do embedded volcaniclastic layers serve as potential glide planes? – An integrated analysis from the Gela Basin offshore southern Sicily -- 28. Sediment failure affecting muddy contourites on the continental slope offshore northern Norway – lessons learned and some outstanding issues -- 29. Mass Wasting History within Lake Ohrid Basin (Albania/Macedonia) over the last 600ka -- 30. Implications of Sediment Dynamics in Mass Transport along the Pianosa Ridge (Northern Tyrrhenian Sea) -- 31. Late-Holocene Mass Movements in High Arctic East Lake, Melville Island (Western Canadian Arctic Archipelago) -- 32. Pleistocene Mass Transport Complexes off Barbados accretionary prism (Lesser Antilles) -- 33. Exploring the Influence of Deepwater Currents as Potential Triggers for Slope Instability -- Part V Tectonics and mass movements -- 34. French alpine foreland Holocene paleoseismicity revealed by coeval mass wasting deposits in glacial lakes -- 35. Spatial and temporal relation of submarine landslides and faults along the Israeli continental slope, eastern Mediterranean -- 36. Earthquake induced landslides in Lake Éternité, Québec, Canada -- 37. Large Mass Transport Deposits in Kumano Basin, Nankai Trough, Japan -- 38. Insights into Effectiveness of Simplified Seismic Displacement Procedures to Evaluate Earthquake Behavior of a Deepwater Slope -- Part VI Fluid flow and gas hydrates -- 39. Deriving the Rate of Salt Rise at the Cape Fear Slide Using New Seismic Data -- 40. Submarine slope instabilities coincident with shallow gas hydrate systems: insights from New Zealand examples -- 41. Eel Canyon Slump Scar and Associated Fluid Venting -- 42. Shallow gas and the development of a weak layer in submarine spreading, Hikurangi margin (New Zealand) -- 43. Stability of fine-grained sediments subject to gas hydrate dissociation in the Arctic continental margin -- Part VII Mass transport deposits in modern and outcrop sedimentology -- 44. Soft-sediment deformation associated with mass transport deposits of the aAnsa basin (Spanish Pyrenees) -- 45. Synsedimentary tectonics and mass wasting along the Alpine margin in Liassic time -- 46. Meso-scale kinematic indicators in exhumed mass transport deposits: definitions and implications -- 47. Morphodynamics of supercritical turbidity currents in the channel-lobe transition zone -- 48. Tiny fossils, big impact: the role of foraminifera-enriched condensed section in arresting the movement of a large retrogressive submarine landslide in the Gulf of Mexico -- 49. Inclusion of substrate blocks within a mass transport deposit: A case study from Cerro Bola, Argentina -- Part VIII Numerical and statistical analysis -- 50. GIS catalogue of submarine landslides in the Spanish Continental Shelf: potential and difficulties for susceptibility assessment -- 51. Tempo and triggering of large submarine landslides – Statistical analysis for hazard assessment -- 52. Morphological controls on submarine slab failures -- 53. Incorporating Correlated Variables into GIS-Based Probabilistic Submarine Slope Stability Assessments -- 54. Quantifying the key role of slope material peak strength – using Discrete Element simulations -- 55. Correction Factors for 1-D Runout Analyses of Selected Submarine Slides -- Part IX Tsunami generation from slope failure -- 56. Volcanic generation of tsunamis: Two New Zealand palaeo-events -- 57. Tsunami-genesis due to retrogressive landslides on an inclined seabed -- 58. Geothermal System as the Cause of the 1979 Landslide Tsunami in Lembata Island, Indonesia -- 59. Towards a spatial probabilistic submarine landslide hazard model for submarine canyons -- 60. Coupled modelling of the failure and tsunami of a submarine debris avalanche offshore central New Zealand -- 61. Observations of coastal landslide-generated tsunami under an ice cover: the case of Lac-des-Seize-Îles, Québec, Canada -- Index.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 621 p. 256 illus., 219 illus. in color, online resource)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2016
    ISBN: 9783319209791
    Series Statement: Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research 41
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Note: 1. Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences: Progress and ChallengesPart  I Submarine Mass Movement in Margin Construction and Economic Significance2. The Role of Submarine Landslides in the Law of the Sea -- 3. Fabric Development and Pore-Throat Reduction in a Mass-Transport Deposit in the Jubilee Gas Field, Eastern Gulf of Mexico: Consequences for the Sealing Capacity of MTDs -- 4. Seismic geomorphology of the Israel Slump Complex in the central Levant Basin (SE Mediterranean) -- 5. Multiple Megaslide Complexes and their Significance for the Miocene stratigraphic evolution of the offshore Amazon Basin -- 6. Kinematics of submarine slope failures in the deepwater Taranaki Basin, New Zealand -- Part II Failure dynamics from landslide geomorphology -- 7. Postglacial Mass Failures in the Inner Hardangerfjorden System, Western Norway -- 8. Onshore and offshore geomorphological features of the El Golfo debris avalanche (El Hierro, Canary Islands) -- 9. New insights on failure and post-failure dynamics of submarine landslides on the intra-slope Palmarola ridge (Central Tyrrhenian Sea) -- 10. Assessment of Canyon Wall Failure Process from Multibeam Bathymetry and Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) Observations, U.S. Atlantic Continental Margin -- 11. The Chuí Megaslide Complex: regional-scale submarine landslides on the Southern Brazilian Margin -- 12. Submarine landslides and incised canyons of the southeast Queensland continental margin -- 13. Novel method to map the morphology of submarine landslide headwall scarps using Remotely Operated Vehicles -- 14. Flow behaviour of a giant landslide and debris flow entering Agadir Canyon, NW Africa -- 15. Fine-Scale Morphology of Tubeworm Slump, Monterey Canyon -- 16. Submarine slide topography and the Distribution of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems: A Case Study in the Ionian Sea (Eastern Mediterranean) -- Part III Geotechnical aspects of mass movement -- 17. Shear Strength of Siliciclastic Sediments from Passive and Active Margins (0-100 meters below seafloor): Insights into Seismic Strengthening -- 18. A small volume calibration chamber for cone penetration testing (CPT) on submarine soils -- 19. Underwater Mass Movements in Lake Mjøsa, Norway -- 20. In situ cyclic softening of marine silts by vibratory CPTU at Orkdalsfjord test site, mid Norway -- 21. First results of the geotechnical in situ investigation for soil characterisation along the upper slope off Vesterålen - Northern Norway -- 22. A novel micro-shear tester for failure analysis of fine and cohesive granular matter -- 23. Knickpoint migration induced by landslide: Evidence from laboratory to field observations in Wabush Lake -- 24. Multiple flow slide experiment in the Westerschelde Estuary, The Netherlands -- Part IV Multidisciplinary case studies -- 25. Submarine mass wasting on Hovgaard Ridge, Fram Strait, European Arctic -- 26. 3D seismic investigations of Pleistocene Mass Transport Deposits and Glacigenic Debris Flows on the North Sea Fan, NE Atlantic Margin -- 27. Do embedded volcaniclastic layers serve as potential glide planes? - An integrated analysis from the Gela Basin offshore southern Sicily -- 28. Sediment failure affecting muddy contourites on the continental slope offshore northern Norway - lessons learned and some outstanding issues -- 29. Mass Wasting History within Lake Ohrid Basin (Albania/Macedonia) over the last 600ka -- 30. Implications of Sediment Dynamics in Mass Transport along the Pianosa Ridge (Northern Tyrrhenian Sea) -- 31. Late-Holocene Mass Movements in High Arctic East Lake, Melville Island (Western Canadian Arctic Archipelago) -- 32. Pleistocene Mass Transport Complexes off Barbados accretionary prism (Lesser Antilles) -- 33. Exploring the Influence of Deepwater Currents as Potential Triggers for Slope Instability -- Part V Tectonics and mass movements -- 34. French alpine foreland Holocene paleoseismicity revealed by coeval mass wasting deposits in glacial lakes -- 35. Spatial and temporal relation of submarine landslides and faults along the Israeli continental slope, eastern Mediterranean -- 36. Earthquake induced landslides in Lake Éternité, Québec, Canada -- 37. Large Mass Transport Deposits in Kumano Basin, Nankai Trough, Japan -- 38. Insights into Effectiveness of Simplified Seismic Displacement Procedures to Evaluate Earthquake Behavior of a Deepwater Slope -- Part VI Fluid flow and gas hydrates -- 39. Deriving the Rate of Salt Rise at the Cape Fear Slide Using New Seismic Data -- 40. Submarine slope instabilities coincident with shallow gas hydrate systems: insights from New Zealand examples -- 41. Eel Canyon Slump Scar and Associated Fluid Venting -- 42. Shallow gas and the development of a weak layer in submarine spreading, Hikurangi margin (New Zealand) -- 43. Stability of fine-grained sediments subject to gas hydrate dissociation in the Arctic continental margin -- Part VII Mass transport deposits in modern and outcrop sedimentology -- 44. Soft-sediment deformation associated with mass transport deposits of the aAnsa basin (Spanish Pyrenees) -- 45. Synsedimentary tectonics and mass wasting along the Alpine margin in Liassic time -- 46. Meso-scale kinematic indicators in exhumed mass transport deposits: definitions and implications -- 47. Morphodynamics of supercritical turbidity currents in the channel-lobe transition zone -- 48. Tiny fossils, big impact: the role of foraminifera-enriched condensed section in arresting the movement of a large retrogressive submarine landslide in the Gulf of Mexico -- 49. Inclusion of substrate blocks within a mass transport deposit: A case study from Cerro Bola, Argentina -- Part VIII Numerical and statistical analysis -- 50. GIS catalogue of submarine landslides in the Spanish Continental Shelf: potential and difficulties for susceptibility assessment -- 51. Tempo and triggering of large submarine landslides - Statistical analysis for hazard assessment -- 52. Morphological controls on submarine slab failures -- 53. Incorporating Correlated Variables into GIS-Based Probabilistic Submarine Slope Stability Assessments -- 54. Quantifying the key role of slope material peak strength - using Discrete Element simulations -- 55. Correction Factors for 1-D Runout Analyses of Selected Submarine Slides -- Part IX Tsunami generation from slope failure -- 56. Volcanic generation of tsunamis: Two New Zealand palaeo-events -- 57. Tsunami-genesis due to retrogressive landslides on an inclined seabed -- 58. Geothermal System as the Cause of the 1979 Landslide Tsunami in Lembata Island, Indonesia -- 59. Towards a spatial probabilistic submarine landslide hazard model for submarine canyons -- 60. Coupled modelling of the failure and tsunami of a submarine debris avalanche offshore central New Zealand -- 61. Observations of coastal landslide-generated tsunami under an ice cover: the case of Lac-des-Seize-Îles, Québec, Canada -- Index.
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2021-05-11
    Description: The Messinian salinity crisis (MSC) - the most abrupt, global-scale environmental change since the end of the Cretaceous – is widely associated with partial desiccation of the Mediterranean Sea. A major open question is the way normal marine conditions were abruptly restored at the end of the MSC. Here we use geological and geophysical data to identify an extensive, buried and chaotic sedimentary body deposited in the western Ionian Basin after the massive Messinian salts and before the Plio-Quaternary open-marine sedimentary sequence. We show that this body is consistent with the passage of a megaflood from the western to the eastern Mediterranean Sea via a south-eastern Sicilian gateway. Our findings provide evidence for a large amplitude drawdown in the Ionian Basin during the MSC, support the scenario of a Mediterranean-wide catastrophic flood at the end of the MSC, and suggest that the identified sedimentary body is the largest known megaflood deposit on Earth.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2021-03-19
    Description: There is a strong spatial correlation between submarine slope failures and the occurrence of gas hydrates. This has been attributed to the dynamic nature of gas hydrate systems and the potential reduction of slope stability due to bottom water warming or sea level drop. However, 30 years of research into this process found no solid supporting evidence. Here we present new reflection seismic data from the Arctic Ocean and numerical modelling results supporting a different link between hydrates and slope stability. Hydrates reduce sediment permeability and cause build-up of overpressure at the base of the gas hydrate stability zone. Resulting hydro-fracturing forms pipe structures as pathways for overpressured fluids to migrate upward. Where these pipe structures reach shallow permeable beds, this overpressure transfers laterally and destabilises the slope. This process reconciles the spatial correlation of submarine landslides and gas hydrate, and it is independent of environmental change and water depth.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 5
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    GSA, Geological Society of America
    In:  Geology, 46 (4). pp. 331-334.
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Numerous studies invoke weak layers to explain the occurrence of submarine mega-slides (〉100 km3), in particular those on very gentle slopes (〈3°). Failure conditions are thought to be met only within this layer, which is embedded between stable sediments. Although key to understanding failure mechanisms, little is known about the nature and composition of such weak layers, mainly because they are destroyed with the landslides. This study is the first to place detailed constraints on the weak layer for one of the submarine mega-slides that occurred on the nearly flat, subtropical, northwest African continental slopes. Integrating results from the Ocean Drilling Program with high-resolution seismic reflection data, we show that the failure surfaces traced into the undisturbed sedimentary sequence coincide with thin (〈10 m) diatom ooze layers capped by clay. As diatom oozes are common on many continental margins, we suggest a new margin-independent failure mechanism to explain submarine mega-slides at low-gradient continental slopes globally. Diatom oozes are susceptible to building up excess pore fluid during burial due to their high compressibility and water content. If a low-permeable clay cap prevents upward drainage, excess pore pressures accumulate at the ooze-clay interface, causing the shearing resistance to increase at a lower rate than the shear stress until failure can occur. Changes in global climate affect the abundance of diatoms and thus formation of diatom oozes, thereby preconditioning the sediments for failure. However, the actual timing of failure is independent of environmental changes.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: Slope failure like in the Hinlopen/Yermak Megaslide is one of the major geohazards in a changing Arctic environment. We analysed hydroacoustic and 2D high-resolution seismic data from the apparently intact continental slope immediately north of the Hinlopen/Yermak Megaslide for signs of past and future instabilities. Our new bathymetry and seismic data show clear evidence for incipient slope instability. Minor slide deposits and an internally-deformed sedimentary layer near the base of the gas hydrate stability zone imply an incomplete failure event, most probably about 30000 years ago, contemporaneous to or shortly after the Hinlopen/Yermak Megaslide. An active gas reservoir at the base of the gas hydrate stability zone demonstrate that over-pressured fluids might have played a key role in the initiation of slope failure at the studied slope, but more importantly also for the giant HYM slope failure. To date, it is not clear, if the studied slope is fully preconditioned to fail completely in future or if it might be slowly deforming and creeping at present. We detected widespread methane seepage on the adjacent shallow shelf areas not sealed by gas hydrates.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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