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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer
    Keywords: Earth sciences ; Earth Sciences ; Geology ; Oceanography ; Geomorphology ; Meereskunde ; Meeresboden ; Meeresgeologie ; Meeressediment ; Geomorphologie ; Meeresboden ; Sonar ; Topografie ; Hydroakustik ; Relief ; Geomorphographie
    Description / Table of Contents: This book on the current state of knowledge of submarine geomorphology aims to achieve the goals of the Submarine Geomorphology working group, set up in 2013, by establishing submarine geomorphology as a field of research, disseminating its concepts and techniques among earth scientists and professionals, and encouraging students to develop their skills and knowledge in this field. Editors have invited 30 experts from around the world to contribute chapters to this book, which is divided into 4 sections - (i) Introduction & history, (ii) Data & methods, (ii) Submarine landforms & processes and (iv) Conclusions & future directions. Each chapter provides a review of a topic, establishes the state-of-the-art, identifies the key research questions that need to be addressed, and delineates a strategy on how to achieve this. Submarine geomorphology is a priority for many research institutions, government authorities and industries globally. The book is useful for undergraduate and graduate students, and professionals with limited training in this field
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 556 p. 195 illus., 55 illus. in color, online resource)
    ISBN: 9783319578521
    Series Statement: Springer Geology
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Keywords: Earth sciences ; Earth Sciences ; Sedimentology ; Oceanography ; Natural disasters ; Geotechnical engineering ; Physical geography ; Earth sciences ; Sedimentology ; Oceanography ; Natural disasters ; Geotechnical engineering ; Physical geography ; Konferenzschrift 2015 ; Submarine Gleitung ; Meeresgeologie ; Submarine Gleitung ; Massenbewegung ; Meeresgeologie ; Meeresboden ; Suspensionsströmung ; Submarine Gleitung ; Turbidit
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences: Progress and Challenges -- Part I Submarine Mass Movement in Margin Construction and Economic Significance2. The Role of Submarine Landslides in the Law of the Sea -- 3. Fabric Development and Pore-Throat Reduction in a Mass-Transport Deposit in the Jubilee Gas Field, Eastern Gulf of Mexico: Consequences for the Sealing Capacity of MTDs -- 4. Seismic geomorphology of the Israel Slump Complex in the central Levant Basin (SE Mediterranean) -- 5. Multiple Megaslide Complexes and their Significance for the Miocene stratigraphic evolution of the offshore Amazon Basin -- 6. Kinematics of submarine slope failures in the deepwater Taranaki Basin, New Zealand -- Part II Failure dynamics from landslide geomorphology -- 7. Postglacial Mass Failures in the Inner Hardangerfjorden System, Western Norway -- 8. Onshore and offshore geomorphological features of the El Golfo debris avalanche (El Hierro, Canary Islands) -- 9. New insights on failure and post-failure dynamics of submarine landslides on the intra-slope Palmarola ridge (Central Tyrrhenian Sea) -- 10. Assessment of Canyon Wall Failure Process from Multibeam Bathymetry and Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) Observations, U.S. Atlantic Continental Margin -- 11. The Chuí Megaslide Complex: regional-scale submarine landslides on the Southern Brazilian Margin -- 12. Submarine landslides and incised canyons of the southeast Queensland continental margin -- 13. Novel method to map the morphology of submarine landslide headwall scarps using Remotely Operated Vehicles -- 14. Flow behaviour of a giant landslide and debris flow entering Agadir Canyon, NW Africa -- 15. Fine-Scale Morphology of Tubeworm Slump, Monterey Canyon -- 16. Submarine slide topography and the Distribution of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems: A Case Study in the Ionian Sea (Eastern Mediterranean) -- Part III Geotechnical aspects of mass movement -- 17. Shear Strength of Siliciclastic Sediments from Passive and Active Margins (0-100 meters below seafloor): Insights into Seismic Strengthening -- 18. A small volume calibration chamber for cone penetration testing (CPT) on submarine soils -- 19. Underwater Mass Movements in Lake Mjøsa, Norway -- 20. In situ cyclic softening of marine silts by vibratory CPTU at Orkdalsfjord test site, mid Norway -- 21. First results of the geotechnical in situ investigation for soil characterisation along the upper slope off Vesterålen - Northern Norway -- 22. A novel micro-shear tester for failure analysis of fine and cohesive granular matter -- 23. Knickpoint migration induced by landslide: Evidence from laboratory to field observations in Wabush Lake -- 24. Multiple flow slide experiment in the Westerschelde Estuary, The Netherlands -- Part IV Multidisciplinary case studies -- 25. Submarine mass wasting on Hovgaard Ridge, Fram Strait, European Arctic -- 26. 3D seismic investigations of Pleistocene Mass Transport Deposits and Glacigenic Debris Flows on the North Sea Fan, NE Atlantic Margin -- 27. Do embedded volcaniclastic layers serve as potential glide planes? – An integrated analysis from the Gela Basin offshore southern Sicily -- 28. Sediment failure affecting muddy contourites on the continental slope offshore northern Norway – lessons learned and some outstanding issues -- 29. Mass Wasting History within Lake Ohrid Basin (Albania/Macedonia) over the last 600ka -- 30. Implications of Sediment Dynamics in Mass Transport along the Pianosa Ridge (Northern Tyrrhenian Sea) -- 31. Late-Holocene Mass Movements in High Arctic East Lake, Melville Island (Western Canadian Arctic Archipelago) -- 32. Pleistocene Mass Transport Complexes off Barbados accretionary prism (Lesser Antilles) -- 33. Exploring the Influence of Deepwater Currents as Potential Triggers for Slope Instability -- Part V Tectonics and mass movements -- 34. French alpine foreland Holocene paleoseismicity revealed by coeval mass wasting deposits in glacial lakes -- 35. Spatial and temporal relation of submarine landslides and faults along the Israeli continental slope, eastern Mediterranean -- 36. Earthquake induced landslides in Lake Éternité, Québec, Canada -- 37. Large Mass Transport Deposits in Kumano Basin, Nankai Trough, Japan -- 38. Insights into Effectiveness of Simplified Seismic Displacement Procedures to Evaluate Earthquake Behavior of a Deepwater Slope -- Part VI Fluid flow and gas hydrates -- 39. Deriving the Rate of Salt Rise at the Cape Fear Slide Using New Seismic Data -- 40. Submarine slope instabilities coincident with shallow gas hydrate systems: insights from New Zealand examples -- 41. Eel Canyon Slump Scar and Associated Fluid Venting -- 42. Shallow gas and the development of a weak layer in submarine spreading, Hikurangi margin (New Zealand) -- 43. Stability of fine-grained sediments subject to gas hydrate dissociation in the Arctic continental margin -- Part VII Mass transport deposits in modern and outcrop sedimentology -- 44. Soft-sediment deformation associated with mass transport deposits of the aAnsa basin (Spanish Pyrenees) -- 45. Synsedimentary tectonics and mass wasting along the Alpine margin in Liassic time -- 46. Meso-scale kinematic indicators in exhumed mass transport deposits: definitions and implications -- 47. Morphodynamics of supercritical turbidity currents in the channel-lobe transition zone -- 48. Tiny fossils, big impact: the role of foraminifera-enriched condensed section in arresting the movement of a large retrogressive submarine landslide in the Gulf of Mexico -- 49. Inclusion of substrate blocks within a mass transport deposit: A case study from Cerro Bola, Argentina -- Part VIII Numerical and statistical analysis -- 50. GIS catalogue of submarine landslides in the Spanish Continental Shelf: potential and difficulties for susceptibility assessment -- 51. Tempo and triggering of large submarine landslides – Statistical analysis for hazard assessment -- 52. Morphological controls on submarine slab failures -- 53. Incorporating Correlated Variables into GIS-Based Probabilistic Submarine Slope Stability Assessments -- 54. Quantifying the key role of slope material peak strength – using Discrete Element simulations -- 55. Correction Factors for 1-D Runout Analyses of Selected Submarine Slides -- Part IX Tsunami generation from slope failure -- 56. Volcanic generation of tsunamis: Two New Zealand palaeo-events -- 57. Tsunami-genesis due to retrogressive landslides on an inclined seabed -- 58. Geothermal System as the Cause of the 1979 Landslide Tsunami in Lembata Island, Indonesia -- 59. Towards a spatial probabilistic submarine landslide hazard model for submarine canyons -- 60. Coupled modelling of the failure and tsunami of a submarine debris avalanche offshore central New Zealand -- 61. Observations of coastal landslide-generated tsunami under an ice cover: the case of Lac-des-Seize-Îles, Québec, Canada -- Index.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 621 p. 256 illus., 219 illus. in color, online resource)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2016
    ISBN: 9783319209791
    Series Statement: Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research 41
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Note: 1. Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences: Progress and ChallengesPart  I Submarine Mass Movement in Margin Construction and Economic Significance2. The Role of Submarine Landslides in the Law of the Sea -- 3. Fabric Development and Pore-Throat Reduction in a Mass-Transport Deposit in the Jubilee Gas Field, Eastern Gulf of Mexico: Consequences for the Sealing Capacity of MTDs -- 4. Seismic geomorphology of the Israel Slump Complex in the central Levant Basin (SE Mediterranean) -- 5. Multiple Megaslide Complexes and their Significance for the Miocene stratigraphic evolution of the offshore Amazon Basin -- 6. Kinematics of submarine slope failures in the deepwater Taranaki Basin, New Zealand -- Part II Failure dynamics from landslide geomorphology -- 7. Postglacial Mass Failures in the Inner Hardangerfjorden System, Western Norway -- 8. Onshore and offshore geomorphological features of the El Golfo debris avalanche (El Hierro, Canary Islands) -- 9. New insights on failure and post-failure dynamics of submarine landslides on the intra-slope Palmarola ridge (Central Tyrrhenian Sea) -- 10. Assessment of Canyon Wall Failure Process from Multibeam Bathymetry and Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) Observations, U.S. Atlantic Continental Margin -- 11. The Chuí Megaslide Complex: regional-scale submarine landslides on the Southern Brazilian Margin -- 12. Submarine landslides and incised canyons of the southeast Queensland continental margin -- 13. Novel method to map the morphology of submarine landslide headwall scarps using Remotely Operated Vehicles -- 14. Flow behaviour of a giant landslide and debris flow entering Agadir Canyon, NW Africa -- 15. Fine-Scale Morphology of Tubeworm Slump, Monterey Canyon -- 16. Submarine slide topography and the Distribution of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems: A Case Study in the Ionian Sea (Eastern Mediterranean) -- Part III Geotechnical aspects of mass movement -- 17. Shear Strength of Siliciclastic Sediments from Passive and Active Margins (0-100 meters below seafloor): Insights into Seismic Strengthening -- 18. A small volume calibration chamber for cone penetration testing (CPT) on submarine soils -- 19. Underwater Mass Movements in Lake Mjøsa, Norway -- 20. In situ cyclic softening of marine silts by vibratory CPTU at Orkdalsfjord test site, mid Norway -- 21. First results of the geotechnical in situ investigation for soil characterisation along the upper slope off Vesterålen - Northern Norway -- 22. A novel micro-shear tester for failure analysis of fine and cohesive granular matter -- 23. Knickpoint migration induced by landslide: Evidence from laboratory to field observations in Wabush Lake -- 24. Multiple flow slide experiment in the Westerschelde Estuary, The Netherlands -- Part IV Multidisciplinary case studies -- 25. Submarine mass wasting on Hovgaard Ridge, Fram Strait, European Arctic -- 26. 3D seismic investigations of Pleistocene Mass Transport Deposits and Glacigenic Debris Flows on the North Sea Fan, NE Atlantic Margin -- 27. Do embedded volcaniclastic layers serve as potential glide planes? - An integrated analysis from the Gela Basin offshore southern Sicily -- 28. Sediment failure affecting muddy contourites on the continental slope offshore northern Norway - lessons learned and some outstanding issues -- 29. Mass Wasting History within Lake Ohrid Basin (Albania/Macedonia) over the last 600ka -- 30. Implications of Sediment Dynamics in Mass Transport along the Pianosa Ridge (Northern Tyrrhenian Sea) -- 31. Late-Holocene Mass Movements in High Arctic East Lake, Melville Island (Western Canadian Arctic Archipelago) -- 32. Pleistocene Mass Transport Complexes off Barbados accretionary prism (Lesser Antilles) -- 33. Exploring the Influence of Deepwater Currents as Potential Triggers for Slope Instability -- Part V Tectonics and mass movements -- 34. French alpine foreland Holocene paleoseismicity revealed by coeval mass wasting deposits in glacial lakes -- 35. Spatial and temporal relation of submarine landslides and faults along the Israeli continental slope, eastern Mediterranean -- 36. Earthquake induced landslides in Lake Éternité, Québec, Canada -- 37. Large Mass Transport Deposits in Kumano Basin, Nankai Trough, Japan -- 38. Insights into Effectiveness of Simplified Seismic Displacement Procedures to Evaluate Earthquake Behavior of a Deepwater Slope -- Part VI Fluid flow and gas hydrates -- 39. Deriving the Rate of Salt Rise at the Cape Fear Slide Using New Seismic Data -- 40. Submarine slope instabilities coincident with shallow gas hydrate systems: insights from New Zealand examples -- 41. Eel Canyon Slump Scar and Associated Fluid Venting -- 42. Shallow gas and the development of a weak layer in submarine spreading, Hikurangi margin (New Zealand) -- 43. Stability of fine-grained sediments subject to gas hydrate dissociation in the Arctic continental margin -- Part VII Mass transport deposits in modern and outcrop sedimentology -- 44. Soft-sediment deformation associated with mass transport deposits of the aAnsa basin (Spanish Pyrenees) -- 45. Synsedimentary tectonics and mass wasting along the Alpine margin in Liassic time -- 46. Meso-scale kinematic indicators in exhumed mass transport deposits: definitions and implications -- 47. Morphodynamics of supercritical turbidity currents in the channel-lobe transition zone -- 48. Tiny fossils, big impact: the role of foraminifera-enriched condensed section in arresting the movement of a large retrogressive submarine landslide in the Gulf of Mexico -- 49. Inclusion of substrate blocks within a mass transport deposit: A case study from Cerro Bola, Argentina -- Part VIII Numerical and statistical analysis -- 50. GIS catalogue of submarine landslides in the Spanish Continental Shelf: potential and difficulties for susceptibility assessment -- 51. Tempo and triggering of large submarine landslides - Statistical analysis for hazard assessment -- 52. Morphological controls on submarine slab failures -- 53. Incorporating Correlated Variables into GIS-Based Probabilistic Submarine Slope Stability Assessments -- 54. Quantifying the key role of slope material peak strength - using Discrete Element simulations -- 55. Correction Factors for 1-D Runout Analyses of Selected Submarine Slides -- Part IX Tsunami generation from slope failure -- 56. Volcanic generation of tsunamis: Two New Zealand palaeo-events -- 57. Tsunami-genesis due to retrogressive landslides on an inclined seabed -- 58. Geothermal System as the Cause of the 1979 Landslide Tsunami in Lembata Island, Indonesia -- 59. Towards a spatial probabilistic submarine landslide hazard model for submarine canyons -- 60. Coupled modelling of the failure and tsunami of a submarine debris avalanche offshore central New Zealand -- 61. Observations of coastal landslide-generated tsunami under an ice cover: the case of Lac-des-Seize-Îles, Québec, Canada -- Index.
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: A newly identified large-scale submarine landslide on the NW African margin (Agadir Slide) is investigated in terms of its morphology, internal architecture, timing, and emplacement processes using high-resolution multibeam bathymetry data, 2D seismic profiles, and gravity cores. The Agadir Slide is located south of the Agadir Canyon at a water depth ranging from 500 m to 3,500 m, showing an estimated affected area of approximately 5,500 km2. The analysis of the Agadir Slide's complex morphology reveals the presence of two headwall areas and two slide fairways (the Western and Central slide fairways). Volume calculations indicate that ∼340 km3 of sediment were accumulated downslope along the slide fairways (∼270 km3) and inside the Agadir Canyon (∼70 km3). Stratigraphic correlations based on five gravity cores indicate an emplacement age of 142±1 ka for the Agadir Slide. However, its emplacement dynamics suggest that the slide was developed in two distinct, successive stages. The presence of two weak layers (glide planes) is a major preconditioning factor for the occurrence of slope instability in the study area, and local seismicity related to fault activity and halokinesis likely triggered the Agadir Slide. Importantly, the Agadir Slide neither disintegrated into sediment blocks nor was transformed into turbidity currents. The emplacement timing of the Agadir Slide does not correlate with any turbidites cored downslope across the Moroccan Turbidite System.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2021-05-10
    Description: Highlights • 3D seismic imaging of an entire landslide complex. • Shallow gas accumulation within and underneath Tuaheni Landslide Complex. • Imaging of a basal shear zone within a subaqueous landslide complex. Abstract The Hikurangi margin is an active continental margin east of New Zealand's North Island. It is well recognized as a seismically active zone and is known for the occurrence of free gas and gas hydrates within the shallow sediments. A variety of subaqueous landslides can be observed at the margin, including the Tuaheni Landslide Complex off Poverty Bay. This slide complex has been interpreted previously as a slowly creeping landform, as its morphology and internal deformation is comparable to terrestrial earthflows and rock glaciers. In 2014, we acquired a high-resolution 3D seismic volume covering major parts of the Tuaheni South landslide. The 3D data show a variety of fluid migration indicators, free gas accumulations and manifestations of the base of gas hydrate stability in the pre-slide sedimentary units and the lower unit of the landslide system. The data also show that the landslide system is composed of an upper and lower unit that are separated by an intra-debris negative-polarity reflection. Free gas accumulations directly beneath the landslide units suggest that the debris acts as a boundary for rising fluids and only few migration pathways to the intra-debris reflector are observed in the distal parts of the landslide. Deformation within the landslide's debris is focused in the upper landslide unit, and we interpret the intra-debris reflector as a basal shear zone or ‘glide plane’ upon which the debris has been remobilized. The origin of the intra-debris reflector is unclear, but we suggest it could be a relatively coarse-grained horizon that would be prone to fluid flow focusing and the development of excess fluid pressure. Our seismic study provides one of the most detailed examples of a subaqueous landslide system and reveals insights into the fluid flow system and potential basal shear zone development of the Tuaheni Landslide Complex.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2020-02-06
    Description: Highlights • The upper headwall region of Sahara Slide is mapped for the first time. • The upper headwall region comprises multiple slope failures. • Slope failure occurred on pronounced glide planes at different stratigraphic levels. • Failure is young (~ 2 ka) contradicting the hypotheses of a relatively stable continental margin at present. • This young age requires a reassessment of slope instability and associated risks off NW Africa. Abstract The Sahara Slide Complex in Northwest Africa is a giant submarine landslide with an estimated run-out length of ~ 900 km. We present newly acquired high-resolution multibeam bathymetry, sidescan sonar, and sub-bottom profiler data to investigate the seafloor morphology, sediment dynamics and the timing of formation of the upper headwall area of the Sahara Slide Complex. The data reveal a ~ 35 km-wide upper headwall opening towards the northwest with multiple slide scarps, glide planes, plateaus, lobes, slide blocks and slide debris. The slide scarps in the study area are formed by retrogressive failure events, which resulted in two types of mass movements, translational sliding and spreading. Three different glide planes (GP I, II, and III) can be distinguished approximately 100 m, 50 m and 20 m below the seafloor. These glide planes are widespread and suggest failure along pronounced, continuous weak layers. Our new data suggest an age of only about 2 ka for the failure of the upper headwall area, a date much younger than derived for the landslide deposits on the lower reaches of the Sahara Slide Complex, which are dated at 50–60 ka. The young age of the failure contradicts the postulate of a stable slope off Northwest Africa during times of relative stable sea-level highstands. Such an observation suggests that submarine-landslide risk along the continental margin of Northwest Africa should be reassessed based on a robust dating of proximal and distal slope failures.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2020-02-06
    Description: Highlights • The Fram Slide Complex has been active from late Miocene to late Pleistocene. • Local processes were critical for slope stability in the Fram Strait area. • Toe erosion caused by normal faulting may have led to retrogressive failure. • Low gradient contourite drifts might smooth and stabilize submarine slopes. • Low tsunami potential from the Fram Slide Complex could increase in the future. Abstract The best known submarine landslides on the glaciated NW European continental margins are those at the front of cross-shelf troughs, where the alternation of rapidly deposited glycogenic and hemi pelagic material generates sedimentary overpressure. Here, we investigate landslides in two areas built of contourite drifts bounded seaward by a ridge-transform junction. Seismic and bathymetric data from the Fram Slide Complex are compared with the tectonically similar Vastness area ~ 120 km to the south, to analyze the influence of local and regional processes on slope stability. These processes include tectonic activity, changes of climate and oceanography, gas hydrates and fluid migration systems, slope gradient, toe erosion and style of contourite deposition. Two areas within the Fram Slide Complex underwent different phases of slope failures, whereas there is no evidence at all for major slope failures in the Vastness area. The comparison cannot reveal the distinct reason for slope failure but demonstrates the strong impact of variation in the local controls on slope stability. The different failure chronologies suggest that toe erosion, which is dependent on the throw of normal faults, and the different thickness and geometry of contourite deposits can result in a critical slope morphology and exert pronounced effects on slope stability. These results highlight the limitations of regional hazard assessments and the need for multi-disciplinary investigations, as small differences in local controlling factors led to substantially different slope failure histories.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2020-02-06
    Description: Highlights • Dextral strike-slip faulting occurs offshore E Sicily above a lateral slab tear fault. • Proposed dextral Ionian Fault becomes sinistral to the south, in external wedge. • Compressional (folding and thrusting) tectonics occur throughout the wedge. • Morpho-tectonics indicate ongoing subduction and advance of Calabrian backstop. The detailed morphology and internal structure of the Calabrian accretionary wedge and adjacent Eastern Sicily margin are imaged in unprecedented detail by a combined dataset of multi-beam bathymetry and high-resolution seismic profiles. The bathymetric data represent the results of 6 recent marine geophysical surveys since 2010 as well as a compilation of earlier surveys presented as a 2 arc-sec (60 m) grid. Several distinct morpho-tectonic provinces are identified including: the deeply incised Malta–Hyblean Escarpment, numerous submarine canyons, broad regions of relatively flat seafloor dominated by fields of sediment waves, the gently undulating anticlinal fold-and-thrust belts of the external Calabrian accretionary wedge and the adjacent portion of the Western Mediterranean Ridge. The Calabrian arc can be divided into 4 domains (from SE to NW): 1) the undeformed Ionian abyssal plain, 2) the external evaporitic wedge, 3) the internal clastic wedge, 4) the Calabrian backstop (Variscan crystalline basement). The Calabrian accretionary wedge can also be divided laterally into two major lobes, the NE- and the SW lobes, and two minor lobes. The kinematics of the limit between the two major lobes is investigated and shown to be sinistral in the external (evaporitic) wedge. A network of radial slip lines within the southernmost external wedge unequivocally demonstrate ongoing dextral displacement of a rigid indenter (representing the corner of the clastic wedge) into the evaporitic wedge thereby confirming the geodynamic model of an active lateral slab tear fault here off eastern Sicily. The slab tear produces a series of major sub-parallel dextral strike-slip faults offshore Mt. Etna and south of the Straits of Messina consistent with the relative motions between Calabria and the Peloritan domain (NE Sicily). Abundant strike-slip faulting, and wide-spread folding and thrusting observed throughout the entire accretionary wedge, indicate regional shortening between the Ionian abyssal plain (foreland) and the Calabrian–Peloritan backstop caused by active subduction.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2021-05-11
    Description: Highlights: - Analysis of a combined new high-resolution 2D seismic and bathymetric data set offshore Mt Etna - Extensional domains are mapped at the shallow subsurface of the continental margin - Compressional structures are mapped at the toe of the continental margin - A coupled volcano edifice / continental margin instability is proposed Mount Etna is the largest active volcano in Europe. Instability of its eastern flank is well documented onshore, and continuously monitored by geodetic and InSAR measurements. Little is known, however, about the offshore extension of the eastern volcano flank, defining a serious shortcoming in stability models. In order to better constrain the active tectonics of the continental margin offshore the eastern flank of the volcano, we acquired a new high-resolution 2D reflection seismic dataset. The data provide new insights into the heterogeneous geology and tectonics at the continental margin offshore Mt Etna. The submarine realm is characterized by different blocks, which are controlled by local- and regional tectonics. A compressional regime is found at the toe of the continental margin, which is bound to a complex basin system. Both, the clear link between on- and offshore tectonic structures as well as the compressional regime at the easternmost flank edge, indicate a continental margin gravitational collapse as well as spreading to be present at Mt Etna. Moreover, we find evidence for the offshore southern boundary of the moving flank, which is identified as a right lateral oblique fault north of Catania Canyon. Our findings suggest a coupled volcano edifice / continental margin instability at Mt Etna, demonstrating first order linkage between on- and offshore tectonic processes.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 9
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    Springer International Publishing
    In:  In: Submarine Mass Movements and their Consequences. Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research, 41 . Springer International Publishing, pp. 291-300. ISBN 978-3-319-20978-4
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Lake Ohrid (LO), a transboundary lake shared by Macedonia and Albania on the Balkan Peninsula, is not only considered to be the oldest lake in Europe (~2 Ma) but has a long and continuous sedimentary history. An advantage at LO is the availability of hydroacoustic data sets of good quality covering the entire lake basin. The tectonically formed basin is filled with thick undisturbed sediments. However, the overall internal structure of LO is characterized by numerous faults, clinoform structures, and several Mass Transport Deposits (MTDs). By using a seismic chronology model (SCM) correlating seismic reflector packages with Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) we estimate the occurrence of the deepest MTD detected in the southern basin at the transition of MIS9 to MIS8 (~300 ka) defining the onset of the sliding history in LO that is still ongoing today. In general, MTDs are widespread within the basin but they do cluster at active faults. Two large MTDs occurred in the early MIS7 (~230 ka, ~220 ka) and after a quiesence period of about ~70 ka two additional large MTDs have been detected in the late penultimate glacial period MIS6 (~150 ka, 130 ka). MIS5 seemed to be another quiet period with respect to mass wasting. In the younger sedimentary history mass movement is a common process with several large and mid-sized deposits mapped at all stratigraphic levels. The youngest slide deposits are estimated to occur within the last 2,000 years. The main outcome of this paper is a model for the spatial and temporal distribution of mass wasting for Lake Ohrid.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Springer International Publishing
    In:  In: Submarine Mass Movements and their Consequences : 7th International Symposium. , ed. by Lamarche, G. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 145-154.
    Publication Date: 2017-11-22
    Description: Agadir Canyon is one of the largest submarine canyons in the World, supplying giant submarine sediment gravity flows to the Agadir Basin and the wider Moroccan Turbidite System. While the Moroccan Turbidite System is extremely well investigated, almost no data from the source region, i.e. the Agadir Canyon, are available. New acoustic and sedimentological data of the Agadir Canyon area were collected during RV Maria S. Merian Cruise 32 in autumn 2013. The data show a prominent headwall area around 200 km south of the head of Agadir Canyon. The failure occurred along a pronounced weak layer in a sediment wave field. The slab-type failure rapidly disintegrated and transformed into a debris flow, which entered Agadir Canyon at 2500 m water depth. Interestingly, the debris flow did not disintegrate into a turbidity current when it entered the canyon despite a significant increase in slope angle. Instead, the material was transported as debrite for at least another 200 km down the canyon. It is unlikely that this giant debris flow significantly contributed to the deposits in the wider Moroccan Turbidite System.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
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