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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device. (2015)
    Berlin, Heidelberg :Springer Berlin / Heidelberg,
    Details
    Keywords: Engineering. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (286 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783662484470
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=4068779
    DDC: 681.111
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 A Sketch of Ancient Western Astronomy -- 1.1 Historical Development of Western Astronomy -- 1.1.1 Egyptian Civilization -- 1.1.2 Mesopotamian Civilization -- 1.1.3 Aegean Civilization -- 1.1.3.1 Minoan and Mycenaean Civilization -- 1.1.3.2 Dark Age -- 1.1.3.3 Classical Age -- 1.1.3.4 Ionia School -- 1.1.3.5 Pythagoras School -- 1.1.3.6 Plato School -- 1.1.3.7 Hellenistic Age -- 1.2 Astronomical Cycles and Calendars -- 1.2.1 Egyptian Calendar -- 1.2.2 Metonic Cycle -- 1.2.3 Callippic Cycle -- 1.2.4 Saros Cycle -- 1.2.5 Exeligmos Cycle -- 1.3 Ancient Astronomical Theories -- 1.3.1 Solar Theory -- 1.3.2 Lunar Theory -- 1.3.3 Planetary Theory -- 1.4 Remarks -- References -- 2 Ancient Astronomical Instruments -- 2.1 Classifications Based on Functions -- 2.1.1 Observation Application -- 2.1.2 Measuring Position and Distance Application -- 2.1.3 Measuring Time Application -- 2.1.4 Computing Application -- 2.1.5 Demonstration Application -- 2.2 Jacob's Staff -- 2.3 Astrolabe -- 2.4 Sundial -- 2.5 Calendrical Device -- 2.5.1 Astrolabe with Calendrical Gearing -- 2.5.2 Sundial with Calendrical Gearing -- 2.6 Planetarium, Astrarium, and Astronomical Clock -- 2.7 Orrery -- 2.8 Comparisons of Astronomical Instruments -- 2.9 Remarks -- References -- 3 Amazing Discovery of Archaeology -- 3.1 Origination and Process of the Discovery -- 3.1.1 Historical Background of Salvage -- 3.1.2 Story of the Antikythera Finding -- 3.2 Introduction of the Excavations -- 3.3 Known Antikythera Astronomical Device -- 3.3.1 Front Plate -- 3.3.2 Back Plate -- 3.3.3 Display Pointers -- 3.3.3.1 Axial Rotation -- 3.3.3.2 Radial Rotation -- 3.3.3.3 Axial Rotation and Radial Sliding -- 3.3.4 Interior Structure of Mechanisms -- 3.4 Relative Historical Background and Records -- 3.5 Remarks -- References -- 4 Modern Reconstruction Research. , 4.1 Early Mentions -- 4.2 Reconstruction Work by Price -- 4.3 Reconstruction Work by Edmund and Morgan -- 4.4 Reconstruction Work by Wright -- 4.5 Reconstruction Work by Freeth et al. -- 4.6 Others' Research After AD 2000 -- References -- 5 Reconstruction Design Methodology -- 5.1 Reconstruction Research -- 5.2 Reconstruction Design Methodology -- 5.2.1 Design Specifications -- 5.2.2 Generalized Chains -- 5.2.3 Specialized Chains -- 5.2.4 Reconstruction Designs -- 5.3 Historical Archives of Antikythera Device -- 5.3.1 Detected Evidence -- 5.3.2 Decoded Information -- 5.3.3 Ancient Astronomy -- 5.3.4 Ancient Astronomical Instruments -- 5.3.5 Modern Kinematic and Mechanism Analyses -- 5.4 Reconstruction Research by Yan and Lin -- 5.4.1 Concepts of Mechanical Designs -- 5.4.1.1 Mechanical Members -- Link or Kinematic Link (KL) -- Gear (KG) -- 5.4.1.2 Joints -- Revolute Joint (JR) -- Pin-in-Slot Joint (JA) -- Gear Joint () -- 5.4.1.3 Degrees of Freedom -- 5.4.1.4 Topological Structure -- 5.4.2 Date Subsystem -- 5.4.3 Eclipse Prediction Subsystem -- 5.4.4 Calendrical Subsystem -- 5.4.5 Lunar Subsystem -- 5.4.6 Solar Subsystem -- 5.4.7 Planetary Subsystem -- 5.4.8 Summary -- 5.5 Comparisons Among Different Reconstruction Researches -- 5.5.1 Comparison with Price's Design -- 5.5.2 Comparison with Edmund and Morgan's Design -- 5.5.3 Comparison with Wright's Design -- 5.5.4 Comparison with the Design of Freeth et al. -- 5.6 Remarks -- References -- 6 Reconstruction Designs of the Calendrical Subsystem -- 6.1 Historical Archives of the Calendrical Subsystem -- 6.2 Design Process of the Calendrical Subsystem -- 6.2.1 Design Specifications -- 6.2.2 Generalized Chains -- 6.2.3 Specialized Chains -- 6.2.3.1 Ground Link (Member 1) -- 6.2.3.2 Callippic Cycle Link (Member 5) -- 6.2.3.3 Olympiad Cycle Link (Member 4) -- 6.2.3.4 Input Link (Member 2). , 6.2.3.5 Metonic Cycle Link (Member 3) -- 6.2.3.6 Transmission Link (Link 6) -- 6.2.4 Reconstruction Designs -- 6.2.4.1 Tooth Calculation of the Feasible Designs -- Feasible Reconstruction Design of Fig. a -- Feasible Reconstruction Design of Fig. b -- 6.3 Remarks -- References -- 7 Reconstruction Designs of the Lunar Subsystem -- 7.1 Historical Archives of the Lunar Subsystem -- 7.1.1 Kinematic Analysis of the Lunar Theory -- 7.1.2 Kinematic Analysis of Epicyclic Gear Trains -- 7.2 Design Process of the Lunar Subsystem -- 7.2.1 Design Specifications -- 7.2.2 Generalized Chains -- 7.2.3 Specialized Chains -- 7.2.3.1 Pin-in-Slot Device (Members 3, 5, and 6, and Joint JA) -- 7.2.3.2 Anomalistic Link (Member 4) -- 7.2.3.3 Ground Link (Member 1) -- 7.2.3.4 Sidereal Link and Output Link (Members 2 and 7) -- 7.2.3.5 Revolute Joints (Joints JR) -- 7.2.3.6 Gear Joints (JG) -- 7.2.4 Reconstruction Designs -- 7.3 Remarks -- References -- 8 Reconstruction Designs of the Solar Subsystem -- 8.1 Historical Archives of the Solar Subsystem -- 8.1.1 Possible Arrangements of the Driving Power -- 8.1.2 Kinematic Analysis of the Solar Theory -- 8.1.3 Eccentric System of the Solar Motion -- 8.1.4 Epicyclic System of the Solar Motion -- 8.1.4.1 Four-Bar Mechanism with 5 Joints -- 8.1.4.2 Five-Bar Mechanism with 7 Joints -- 8.2 Design Process of the Solar Subsystem -- 8.2.1 Type 1 Design of the Solar Subsystem -- 8.2.2 Type 2 Design of the Solar Subsystem -- 8.2.3 Type 3 Design of the Solar Subsystem -- 8.2.3.1 Ground Link (Member 1) -- 8.2.3.2 Input Link (Member 2) -- 8.2.3.3 Output Link (Member 3) -- 8.2.3.4 Transmission Links (Members 4 and 5) -- 8.2.3.5 Pin-in-Slot Joint (Joint JA) -- 8.2.3.6 Revolute Joints (Joint JR) -- 8.2.3.7 Gear Joints (Joint JG) -- 8.3 Remarks -- References -- 9 Reconstruction Designs of the Planetary Subsystem. , 9.1 Historical Archives of the Planetary Subsystem -- 9.1.1 Type 1 Design: Mechanism with One Gear Joint -- 9.1.2 Type 2 Design: Mechanism with Two Gear Joints -- 9.1.2.1 All Planet Gears Are Adjacent to Each Other by a Gear Joint -- 9.1.2.2 Two Planet Gears Are Adjacent to Each Other by a Pin-in-Slot Joint -- 9.2 Design Process of the Planetary Subsystem -- 9.2.1 Type 1 Design of the Planetary Subsystem -- 9.2.2 Type 2 Design of the Planetary Subsystem -- 9.2.2.1 Ground Link (Member 1) -- 9.2.2.2 Output Link (Member 3) -- 9.2.2.3 Input Link (Member 2) -- 9.2.2.4 Transmission Links (Members 4 and 5) -- 9.2.2.5 Pin-in-Slot Joint (Joint JA) -- 9.2.2.6 Gear Joints (Joint JG) -- 9.2.2.7 Revolute Joints (Joint JR) -- 9.3 Remarks -- References -- 10 Reconstruction Designs of the Moon Phase Display Device -- 10.1 Historical Archives of the Moon Phase Display Device -- 10.1.1 Related Evidence and Available Designs -- 10.1.2 Possible Driving Power Arrangements -- 10.1.3 Possible Design Types -- 10.2 Design Process of the Moon Phase Display Device -- 10.2.1 Example 1: Ordinary Gear Trains -- 10.2.2 Example 2: Epicyclic Gear Trains with 1-DOF -- 10.2.3 Example 3: Epicyclic Gear Trains with 2-DOF -- References -- 11 Assembly Work and Models -- 11.1 Complete Interior Mechanisms -- 11.1.1 Assembly Constraints of the Lost Mechanisms -- 11.1.1.1 Driving Power of Lost Mechanisms -- 11.1.1.2 Gear Sizes -- 11.1.1.3 Types of Planets -- 11.1.1.4 Epicyclic System of Superior Planets -- 11.1.2 Assembly Work -- 11.2 3D Reconstruction Model -- 11.2.1 Tooth Calculation -- 11.2.1.1 Calendrical Subsystem -- 11.2.1.2 Solar Subsystem -- 11.2.1.3 Planetary Subsystem -- 11.2.2 Detail Designs of Gears -- 11.2.3 Space Arrangement -- 11.2.4 Simulation Model -- References -- Appendix A All 48 Feasible Designs of CompleteInterior Mechanisms -- Appendix B Detailed Design of Model 9. , Index.
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  • 2
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    Synchronicity of Kuroshio Current and climate system variability since the Last Glacial Maximum (2016)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Earth and Planetary Science Letters, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 452, pp. 247-257, ISSN: 0012-821X
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-10
    Description: The Kuroshio Current (KC) is the northward branch of the North Pacific subtropical gyre (NPG) and exerts influence on the exchange of physical, chemical, and biological properties of downstream regions in the Pacific Ocean. Resolving long-term changes in the flow of the KC water masses is, therefore, crucial for advancing our understanding of the Pacific's role in global ocean and climate variability. Here, we reconstruct changes in KC dynamics over the past 20 ka based on grain-size spectra, clay mineral, and Sr–Nd isotope constraints of sediments from the northern Okinawa Trough. Combined with published sediment records surrounding the NPG, we suggest that the KC remained in the Okinawa Trough throughout the Last Glacial Maximum. Together with Earth-System-Model simulations, our results additionally indicate that KC intensified considerably during the early Holocene (EH). The synchronous establishment of the KC “water barrier” and the modern circulation pattern during the EH highstand shaped the sediment transport patterns. This is ascribed to the precession-induced increase in the occurrence of La Niña-like state and the strength of the East Asian summer monsoon. The synchronicity of the shifts in the intensity of the KC, Kuroshio extension, and El Niño/La Niña-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability may further indicate that the western branch of the NPG has been subject to basin-scale changes in wind stress curl over the North Pacific in response to low-latitude insolation. Superimposed on this long-term trend are high-amplitude, large century, and millennial-scale variations during last 5 ka, which are ascribed to the advent of modern ENSO when the equatorial oceans experienced stronger insolation during the boreal winter.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 3
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    Synchronicity of Kuroshio Current and climate system variability since the Last Glacial Maximum (2016)
    Elsevier
    In:  Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 452 . pp. 247-257.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Highlights • Kuroshio Current proxy was established by statistical analyses on grain size spectrum. • Sr–Nd isotope analyses on Kuroshio grain size spectrum reveals source of Taiwan. • Synchronous shift in ENSO and the North Pacific Gyre is subject to the insolation. • Earth System Modeling results confirm our proxies-indicated Kuroshio Current strength. Abstract The Kuroshio Current (KC) is the northward branch of the North Pacific subtropical gyre (NPG) and exerts influence on the exchange of physical, chemical, and biological properties of downstream regions in the Pacific Ocean. Resolving long-term changes in the flow of the KC water masses is, therefore, crucial for advancing our understanding of the Pacific's role in global ocean and climate variability. Here, we reconstruct changes in KC dynamics over the past 20 ka based on grain-size spectra, clay mineral, and Sr–Nd isotope constraints of sediments from the northern Okinawa Trough. Combined with published sediment records surrounding the NPG, we suggest that the KC remained in the Okinawa Trough throughout the Last Glacial Maximum. Together with Earth-System-Model simulations, our results additionally indicate that KC intensified considerably during the early Holocene (EH). The synchronous establishment of the KC “water barrier” and the modern circulation pattern during the EH highstand shaped the sediment transport patterns. This is ascribed to the precession-induced increase in the occurrence of La Niña-like state and the strength of the East Asian summer monsoon. The synchronicity of the shifts in the intensity of the KC, Kuroshio extension, and El Niño/La Niña-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability may further indicate that the western branch of the NPG has been subject to basin-scale changes in wind stress curl over the North Pacific in response to low-latitude insolation. Superimposed on this long-term trend are high-amplitude, large century, and millennial-scale variations during last 5 ka, which are ascribed to the advent of modern ENSO when the equatorial oceans experienced stronger insolation during the boreal winter.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2016.07.028
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Low total cholesterol level is the independent predictor of poor outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a hospital-based prospective study (2016)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-16
    Description: Total cholesterol is a well-documented risk factor for coronary disease. Previous studies have shown that high total cholesterol level is associated with better stroke outcomes, but the association of low tota...
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2377
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 5
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    Sensors, Vol. 16, Pages 1228: Real-Time Identification of Smoldering and Flaming Combustion Phases in Forest Using a Wireless Sensor Network-Based Multi-Sensor System and Artificial Neural Network (2016)
    MDPI Publishing
    In: Sensors
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-08-05
    Description: Diverse sensing techniques have been developed and combined with machine learning method for forest fire detection, but none of them referred to identifying smoldering and flaming combustion phases. This study attempts to real-time identify different combustion phases using a developed wireless sensor network (WSN)-based multi-sensor system and artificial neural network (ANN). Sensors (CO, CO2, smoke, air temperature and relative humidity) were integrated into one node of WSN. An experiment was conducted using burning materials from residual of forest to test responses of each node under no, smoldering-dominated and flaming-dominated combustion conditions. The results showed that the five sensors have reasonable responses to artificial forest fire. To reduce cost of the nodes, smoke, CO2 and temperature sensors were chiefly selected through correlation analysis. For achieving higher identification rate, an ANN model was built and trained with inputs of four sensor groups: smoke; smoke and CO2; smoke and temperature; smoke, CO2 and temperature. The model test results showed that multi-sensor input yielded higher predicting accuracy (≥82.5%) than single-sensor input (50.9%–92.5%). Based on these, it is possible to reduce the cost with a relatively high fire identification rate and potential application of the system can be tested in future under real forest condition.
    Electronic ISSN: 1424-8220
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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  • 6
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    Detecting k-nonseparability via local uncertainty relations (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-12
    Description: Author(s): Yan Hong and Shunlong Luo We investigate k -nonseparability of n -partite quantum states which is an important kind of correlations characterizing multipartite entanglement. We derive some k -nonseparability criteria in the form of variance and quantum Fisher information, and illustrate their complementary features in the detec… [Phys. Rev. A 93, 042310] Published Fri Apr 08, 2016
    Keywords: Quantum information
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 7
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    The Montreal cognitive assessment is superior to national institute of neurological disease and stroke-Canadian stroke network 5-minute protocol in predicting vascular cognitive impairment at 1 year (2016)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-13
    Description: The predictive ability of National Institute of Neurological Disease and Stroke-Canadian Stroke Network (NINDS-CSN) 5-minute protocol and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) administered sub-acutely and at th...
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2377
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 8
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    Effect of Three Different Catalysts (KCl, CaO, and Fe2O3) on the Reactivity and Mechanism of Low-Rank Coal Pyrolysis (2016)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-17
    Description: Energy & Fuels DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b02720
    Print ISSN: 0887-0624
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-5029
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 9
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    Comparative analysis of bacteria associated with different mosses by 16S rRNA and 16S rDNA sequencing (2016)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-08-13
    Description: To understand the differences of the bacteria associated with different mosses, a phylogenetic study of bacterial communities in three mosses was carried out based on 16S rDNA and 16S rRNA sequencing. The mosses used were Hygroamblystegium noterophilum , Entodon compressus and Grimmia montana , representing hygrophyte, shady plant and xerophyte, respectively. In total, the operational taxonomic units (OTUs), richness and diversity were different regardless of the moss species and the library level. All the examined 1183 clones were assigned to 248 OTUs, 56 genera were assigned in rDNA libraries and 23 genera were determined at the rRNA level. Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were considered as the most dominant phyla in all the libraries, whereas abundant Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria were detected in the rDNA library of Entodon compressus and approximately 24.7% clones were assigned to Candidate division TM7 in Grimmia montana at rRNA level. The heatmap showed the bacterial profiles derived from rRNA and rDNA were partly overlapping. However, the principle component analysis of all the profiles derived from rDNA showed sharper differences between the different mosses than that of rRNA-based profiles. This suggests that the metabolically active bacterial compositions in different mosses were more phylogenetically similar and the differences of the bacteria associated with different mosses were mainly detected at the rDNA level. Obtained results clearly demonstrate that combination of 16S rDNA and 16S rRNA sequencing is preferred approach to have a good understanding on the constitution of the microbial communities in mosses.
    Print ISSN: 0233-111X
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-4028
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 10
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    miR-10b exerts oncogenic activity in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting expression of CUB and sushi multiple domains 1 (CSMD1) (2016)
    BioMed Central
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    Publication Date: 2016-10-20
    Description: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a lethal disease, while the precise underlying molecular mechanisms of HCC pathogenesis remain to be defined. MicroRNA (miRNA), a class of non-coding small RNAs, can post-tran...
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2407
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by BioMed Central
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