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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: © The Author(s), 2017. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Ocean Modelling 121 (2018): 49-75, doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2017.11.008.
    Beschreibung: Lagrangian analysis is a powerful way to analyse the output of ocean circulation models and other ocean velocity data such as from altimetry. In the Lagrangian approach, large sets of virtual particles are integrated within the three-dimensional, time-evolving velocity fields. Over several decades, a variety of tools and methods for this purpose have emerged. Here, we review the state of the art in the field of Lagrangian analysis of ocean velocity data, starting from a fundamental kinematic framework and with a focus on large-scale open ocean applications. Beyond the use of explicit velocity fields, we consider the influence of unresolved physics and dynamics on particle trajectories. We comprehensively list and discuss the tools currently available for tracking virtual particles. We then showcase some of the innovative applications of trajectory data, and conclude with some open questions and an outlook. The overall goal of this review paper is to reconcile some of the different techniques and methods in Lagrangian ocean analysis, while recognising the rich diversity of codes that have and continue to emerge, and the challenges of the coming age of petascale computing.
    Beschreibung: EvS has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 715386). This research for PJW was supported as part of the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) project, funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research. Funding for HFD was provided by Grant No. DE-SC0012457 from the US Department of Energy. PB acknowledges support for this work from NERC grant NE/R011567/1. SFG is supported by NERC National Capability funding through the Extended Ellett Line Programme.
    Schlagwort(e): Ocean circulation ; Lagrangian analysis ; Connectivity ; Particle tracking ; Future modelling
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Article
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 26 (1978), S. 1253-1255 
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 117-119 (1931), S. 570-584 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung 1. Werden Plexuszellen länger als wenige Minuten nach dem Tode in situ gelassen, so neigen sie zu einem vakuolären Zerfall mit Verlust des Bürstensaumes. 2. Werden Plexuszellen operativ in einer kombinierten Bulbokapnin-Äthernarkose gewonnen, so zeigen sie eine starke Schwellung, die schließlich auch auf den Kern übergreift, und eine Ansammlung von Fett. 3. Unsere Versuche bestätigen, daß die Weedsche Lösung in die Plexuszellen eindringt. 4. Ebenso bestätigen sie Askanazys Beobachtung, daß Eisen in die Plexuszellen eindringt, wenn Erytrocyten in den Liquor gelangen. Ob es sich bei diesen beiden Vorgängen um eine passive Infiltration oder um eine aktive Resorption handelt, wagen wir noch nicht zu entscheiden. 5. Es hat sich kein Anhaltspunkt dafür ergeben, daß Fette oder Lipoide vom Liquorraum aus in den Plexus dringen. 6. Es fand sich nach Einspritzung gewaschener Erytrocyten ebenso nach Einspritzung von Luft oder Trypanblau in den Liquor eine Reaktion der Plexusepithelien, die wahrscheinlich eine nicht spezifische Antwort dieser Zellen auf Entzündungsreize darstellt. Sie besteht in einer trüben Schwellung mit Vermehrung der Mitochondrien und des Golgi-Apparates und des intrazellulären Fettes. Bei den Versuchen mit Blutinjektion wurden die Veränderungen bis zu 12 Tagen nach der Injektion studiert. In dieser Zeit vermindert sich die Kernfärbbarkeit, während die übrige Zelle schon zur Norm zurückkehrt. Der operative Teil der Versuche wurde im Physiologischen Institut durchgeführt. Für die Erlaubnis hierzu sind wir Herrn Prof. R. Lim zu herzlichem Dank verpflichtet.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-02-08
    Beschreibung: Highlights: • Lagrangian ocean analysis is a powerful way to analyse the output of ocean circulation models • We present a review of the Kinematic framework, available tools, and applications of Lagrangian ocean analysis • While there are unresolved questions, the framework is robust enough to be used widely in ocean modelling Abstract: Lagrangian analysis is a powerful way to analyse the output of ocean circulation models and other ocean velocity data such as from altimetry. In the Lagrangian approach, large sets of virtual particles are integrated within the three-dimensional, time-evolving velocity fields. Over several decades, a variety of tools and methods for this purpose have emerged. Here, we review the state of the art in the field of Lagrangian analysis of ocean velocity data, starting from a fundamental kinematic framework and with a focus on large-scale open ocean applications. Beyond the use of explicit velocity fields, we consider the influence of unresolved physics and dynamics on particle trajectories. We comprehensively list and discuss the tools currently available for tracking virtual particles. We then showcase some of the innovative applications of trajectory data, and conclude with some open questions and an outlook. The overall goal of this review paper is to reconcile some of the different techniques and methods in Lagrangian ocean analysis, while recognising the rich diversity of codes that have and continue to emerge, and the challenges of the coming age of petascale computing.
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-07-14
    Beschreibung: Patients suffering from eye floaters often resort to consulting more than one ophthalmologist. The purpose of this study, using the Health Belief Model (HBM), was to identify the factors that influence doctor-shopping behavior among patients with eye floaters. In this cross-sectional survey, 175 outpatients who presented floaters symptoms were enrolled. Data from 143 patients (77 first time visitors and 66 doctor-shoppers) who completed the questionnaire were analyzed. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed. We found that women and non-myopia patients were significantly related with frequent attendance and doctor switching. Though the HBM has performed well in a number of health behaviors studies, but most of the conceptual constructors of HBM did not show significant differences between the first time visitors and true doctor-shoppers in this study. Motivation was the only significant category affecting doctor-shopping behavior of patients with eye floaters.
    Print ISSN: 1661-7827
    Digitale ISSN: 1660-4601
    Thema: Energietechnik , Medizin
    Publiziert von MDPI Publishing
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-07-02
    Beschreibung: Organic Letters DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01674
    Print ISSN: 1523-7060
    Digitale ISSN: 1523-7052
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-06-18
    Beschreibung: Manganese-enhanced MRI studies have proven to be useful in monitoring physiological activities associated with calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) due to the paramagnetic property of the manganese ion (Mn 2+ ), which makes it an excellent probe of Ca 2+ . In this study, we developed a method in which a Mn 2+ -enhanced T 1 -map MRI could enable the monitoring of Ca 2+ influx during the early stages of intestinal ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury. The Mn 2+ infusion protocol was optimized by obtaining dose-dependent and time-course wash-out curves using a Mn 2+ -enhanced T 1 -map MRI of rabbit abdomens following an intravenous infusion of 50 mmol/l MnCl 2 (5–10 nmol/g body weight (BW)). In the rabbit model of intestinal I/R injury, T 1 values were derived from the T 1 maps in the intestinal wall region and revealed a relationship between the dose of the infused MnCl 2 and the intestinal wall relaxation time. Significant Mn 2+ clearance was also observed over time in control animals after the infusion of Mn 2+ at a dose of 10 nmol/g BW. This technique was also shown to be sensitive enough to monitor variations in calcium ion homeostasis in vivo after small intestinal I/R injury. The T 1 values of the intestinal I/R group were significantly lower ( P  〈 0.05) than that of the control group at 5, 10, and 15 min after Mn 2+ infusion. Our data suggest that MnCl 2 has the potential to be an MRI contrast agent that can be effectively used to monitor changes in intracellular Ca 2+ homeostasis during the early stages of intestinal I/R injury. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Manganese (Mn 2+ ) acts as an excellent probe of calcium ion (Ca 2+ ) influx for monitoring Ca 2+ -associated physiological activities in a Mn 2+ -enhanced MRI (MEMRI) study. In this study, we prospectively demonstrated that Mn 2+ -enhanced T 1 -map MRI has the sensitivity to monitor variations in Ca 2+ homeostasis in vivo directly related to Ca 2+ overload in the early stage of intestinal ischemia–reperfusion injury. MEMRI provides additional information in intestinal ischemia–reperfusion injury models used to monitor disease development.
    Print ISSN: 0952-3480
    Digitale ISSN: 1099-1492
    Thema: Medizin
    Publiziert von Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 8
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-19
    Beschreibung: In order to study the influence of inert gas injection to gas explosion in the process of fire zone sealing, tunnel fire model was established by COMSOL software, and numerical simulation is carried out to study change laws of flow field and concentration field in the process of fire zone sealing. Through comparing the distribution law of flow field and concentration field whether the inert gas injection and different flows, obtained the influence of inert gas injection to gas explosion in the process of fire zone sealing. As the decrease of entrance average wind speed, the maximum wind speed in the centre vertical section of tunnel gradually reduces. when the entrance average wind speed is 1m/s, counter current layer is produced near the fire resource, length and thickness of counter current layer and maximum current speed rises with the declining of the entrance average wind speed, and swirl will be formed when the entrance average wind speed is less than 0.01m/s. In the proce...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Digitale ISSN: 1755-1315
    Thema: Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-13
    Beschreibung: The adaptive multi-rate wideband (AMR-WB) speech codec is widely used in modern mobile communication systems for high speech quality in handheld devices. Nonetheless, a major disadvantage is that vector quantization (VQ) of immittance spectral frequency (ISF) coefficients takes a considerable computational load in the AMR-WB coding. Accordingly, a binary search space-structured VQ (BSS-VQ) algorithm is adopted to efficiently reduce the complexity of ISF quantization in AMR-WB. This search algorithm is done through a fast locating technique combined with lookup tables, such that an input vector is efficiently assigned to a subspace where relatively few codeword searches are required to be executed. In terms of overall search performance, this work is experimentally validated as a superior search algorithm relative to a multiple triangular inequality elimination (MTIE), a TIE with dynamic and intersection mechanisms (DI-TIE), and an equal-average equal-variance equal-norm nearest neighbor search (EEENNS) approach. With a full search algorithm as a benchmark for overall search load comparison, this work provides an 87% search load reduction at a threshold of quantization accuracy of 0.96, a figure far beyond 55% in the MTIE, 76% in the EEENNS approach, and 83% in the DI-TIE approach.
    Digitale ISSN: 2073-8994
    Thema: Mathematik , Physik
    Publiziert von MDPI Publishing
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  • 10
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-09-14
    Beschreibung: BACKGROUND Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) alone is an increasingly accepted treatment for brain metastases, but it requires adherence to frequently scheduled follow-up neuroimaging because of the risk of distant brain metastasis. The effect of disparities in access to follow-up care on outcomes after SRS alone is unknown. METHODS This retrospective study included 153 brain metastasis patients treated consecutively with SRS alone from 2010 through 2016 at an academic medical center and a safety-net hospital (SNH) located in Los Angeles, California. Outcomes included neurologic symptoms, hospitalization, steroid use and dependency, salvage SRS, salvage whole-brain radiotherapy, salvage neurosurgery, and overall survival. RESULTS Ninety-three of the 153 patients were private hospital (PH) patients, and 60 were SNH patients. The median follow-up time was 7.7 months. SNH patients received fewer follow-up neuroimaging studies (1.5 vs 3; P  = .008). In a multivariate analysis, the SNH setting was a significant risk factor for salvage neurosurgery (hazard ratio [HR], 13.65; P  〈 .001), neurologic symptoms (HR, 3.74; P  = .002), and hospitalization due to brain metastases (HR, 6.25; P  〈 .001). More clinical visits were protective against hospitalizations due to brain metastases (HR, 0.75; P  = .002), whereas more neuroimaging studies were protective against death (HR, 0.65; P  〈 .001). CONCLUSIONS SNH patients with brain metastases treated with SRS alone had fewer follow-up neuroimaging studies and were at higher risk for neurologic symptoms, hospitalization for brain metastases, and salvage neurosurgery in comparison with PH patients. Clinicians should consider the practice setting and patient access to follow-up care when they are deciding on the optimal strategy for the treatment of brain metastases. Cancer 2017; . © 2017 American Cancer Society .
    Print ISSN: 0008-543X
    Digitale ISSN: 1097-0142
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Publiziert von Wiley-Blackwell im Namen von The American Cancer Society.
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