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  • 2020-2024  (6)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paraphysoderma sedebokerense Infection in Three Economically Valuable Microalgae: Host Preference Correlates with Parasite Fitness
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Fungi Vol. 7, No. 2 ( 2021-02-01), p. 100-
    Details
    In: Journal of Fungi, MDPI AG, Vol. 7, No. 2 ( 2021-02-01), p. 100-
    Abstract: The blastocladialean fungus Paraphysoderma sedebokerense parasitizes three microalgae species of economic interest: Haematococcus pluvialis, Chromochloris zofingiensis and Scenedesmus dimorphus. For the first time, we characterized the developmental stages of isolated fungal propagules in H. pluvialis co-culture, finding a generation time of 16 h. We established a patho-system to compare the infection in the three different host species for 48 h, with two different setups to quantify parameters of the infection and parameters of the parasite fitness. The prevalence of the parasite in H. pluvialis and C. zofingiensis cultures was 100%, but only 20% in S. dimorphus culture. The infection of S. dimorphus not only reached lower prevalence but was also qualitatively different; the infection developed preferentially on senescent cells and more resting cysts were produced, being consistent with a reservoir host. In addition, we carried out cross infection experiments and the inoculation of a mixed algal culture containing the three microalgae, to determine the susceptibility of the host species and to investigate the preference of P. sedebokerense for these microalgae. The three tested microalgae showed different susceptibility to P. sedebokerense, which correlates with blastoclad’s preference to the host in the following order: H. pluvialis 〉 C. zofingiensis 〉 S. dimorphus.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2309-608X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jof7020100
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2784229-0
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Drought Resistant Resting Cysts of Paraphysoderma sedebokerense Preserves the Species Viability and its Virulence
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Plants Vol. 12, No. 18 ( 2023-09-11), p. 3230-
    Details
    In: Plants, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 18 ( 2023-09-11), p. 3230-
    Abstract: The blastocladialean fungus P. sedebokerense is a facultative parasite of economically important microalgae and for this reason it has gained a lot of interest. P. sedebokerense has a complex life cycle which includes vegetative and resting stages. The resting cysts were assumed to play an essential role in survival by resisting drought, but this ability was never tested and the factors that trigger their formation were not evaluated. This study was aimed to induce resting cyst formation and germination in P. sedebokerense. At first, we tested the survival of P. sedebokerense liquid cultures and found that infectivity is retained for less than two months when the cultures were stored on the bench at room temperature. We noticed that dry cultures retained the infectivity for a longer time. We, thus, developed a method, which is based on dehydration and rehydration of the biomass, to produce, maintain, and germinate resting cysts of P. sedebokerense in both saprophytic and parasitic modes of growth. When the dry cultures were rehydrated and incubated at 30 °C, resting cysts asynchronously germinated after 5 h and the “endosporangium” was protruding outside of the cyst. Our method can be used to preserve P. sedebokerense for research purposes with the advantage of no need for expensive equipment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2223-7747
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/plants12183230
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704341-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyceae) Divides by Consecutive Multiple Fission Cell-Cycle under Batch and Continuous Cultivation
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Biology Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2021-02-16), p. 157-
    Details
    In: Biology, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2021-02-16), p. 157-
    Abstract: Several green algae can divide by multiple fission and spontaneously synchronize their cell cycle with the available light regime. The yields that can be obtained from a microalgal culture are directly affected by cell cycle events. Chromochloris zofingiensis is considered as one of the most promising microalgae for biotechnological applications due to its fast growth and the flexible trophic capabilities. It is intensively investigated in the context of bio-commodities production (carotenoids, storage lipids); however, the pattern of cell-cycle events under common cultivation strategies was not yet characterized for C. zofingiensis. In this study, we have employed fluorescence microscopy to characterize the basic cell-cycle dynamics under batch and continuous modes of phototrophic C. zofingiensis cultivation. Staining with SYBR green—applied in DMSO solution—enabled, for the first time, the clear and simple visualization of polynuclear stages in this microalga. Accordingly, we concluded that C. zofingiensis divides by a consecutive pattern of multiple fission, whereby it spontaneously synchronizes growth and cell division according to the available illumination regime. In high-light continuous culture or low-light batch culture, C. zofingiensis cell-cycle was completed within several light-dark (L/D) cycles (14 h/10 h); however, cell divisions were synchronized with the dark periods only in the high-light continuous culture. In both modes of cultivation, daughter cell release was mainly facilitated by division of 8 and 16-polynuclear cells. The results of this study are of both fundamental and applied science significance and are also important for the development of an efficient nuclear transformation system for C. zofingiensis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-7737
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biology10020157
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661517-4
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paraphysoderma sedebokerense GlnS III Is Essential for the Infection of Its Host Haematococcus lacustris
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Fungi Vol. 8, No. 6 ( 2022-05-25), p. 561-
    Details
    In: Journal of Fungi, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 6 ( 2022-05-25), p. 561-
    Abstract: Glutamine synthetase (GlnS) is a key enzyme in nitrogen metabolism. We investigated the effect of the GlnS inhibitor glufosinate on the infection of H. lacustris by the blastocladialean fungus P. sedebokerense, assuming that interfering with the host nitrogen metabolism will affect the success of the parasite. Complete inhibition of infection, which could be bypassed by the GlnS product glutamine, was observed at millimolar concentrations of glufosinate. However, this effect of glufosinate was attributed to its direct interaction with the blastoclad and not the host, which results in development and growth inhibition of the blastoclad. In our P. sedebokerense draft genome, we found that the sequence of GlnS is related to another fungal GlnS, type III, found in many poor known phyla of fungi, including Blastocladiomycota and Chytridiomycota, and absent in the main subkingdom of fungi, the Dikarya. We further tested the ability of the blastoclad to utilize nitrate and ammonia as inorganic nitrogen sources and glutamine for growth. We found that P. sedebokerense equally use ammonia and glutamine and use also nitrate, but with less efficiency. Altogether, our results show that GlnS type III is mandatory for the development and growth of P. sedebokerense and could be an efficient target to develop strategies for the control of the fungal parasite of H. lacustris.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2309-608X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jof8060561
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2784229-0
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    High Resolution Proteome of Lipid Droplets Isolated from the Pennate Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum ( Bacillariophyceae ) Strain pt4 provides mechanistic insights into complex intracellular coordination during nitrogen deprivation
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Phycology Vol. 56, No. 6 ( 2020-12), p. 1642-1663
    Details
    In: Journal of Phycology, Wiley, Vol. 56, No. 6 ( 2020-12), p. 1642-1663
    Abstract: Lipid droplets (LDs) are an organelle conserved amongst all eukaryotes, consisting of a neutral lipid core surrounded by a polar lipid monolayer. Many species of microalgae accumulate LDs in response to stress conditions, such as nitrogen starvation. Here, we report the isolation and proteomic profiling of LD proteins from the model oleaginous pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum , strain Pt4 (UTEX 646). We also provide a quantitative description of LD morphological ontogeny, and fatty acid content. Novel cell disruption and LD isolation methods, combined with suspension‐trapping and nanoflow liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry, yielded an unprecedented number of LD proteins. Predictive annotation of the LD proteome suggests a broad assemblage of proteins with diverse functions, including lipid metabolism and vesicle trafficking, as well as ribosomal and proteasomal machinery. These proteins provide mechanistic insights into LD processes, and evidence for interactions between LDs and other organelles. We identify for the first time several key steps in diatom LD‐associated triacylglycerol biosynthesis. Bioinformatic analyses of the LD proteome suggests multiple protein targeting mechanisms, including amphipathic helices, post‐translational modifications, and translocation machinery. This work corroborates recent findings from other strains of P. tricornutum , other diatoms, and other eukaryotic organisms, suggesting that the fundamental proteins orchestrating LDs are conserved, and represent an ancient component of the eukaryotic endomembrane system. We postulate a comprehensive model of nitrogen starvation‐induced diatom LDs on a molecular scale, and provide a wealth of candidates for metabolic engineering, with the potential to eventually customize LD contents.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-3646 , 1529-8817
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jpy.v56.6
    DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13063
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 281226-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478748-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Establishing and validating axenic cultures of the microalga Haematococcus lacustris (Chlorophyceae)
    Informa UK Limited ; 2022
    In:  Applied Phycology Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2022-12-31), p. 82-97
    Details
    In: Applied Phycology, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2022-12-31), p. 82-97
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2638-8081
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1080/26388081.2022.2061871
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3031232-2
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