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  • 2020-2024  (1,574)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Twisted oxide lateral homostructures with conjunction tunability
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Nature Communications Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2022-05-10)
    Details
    In: Nature Communications, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2022-05-10)
    Abstract: Epitaxial growth is of significant importance over the past decades, given it has been the key process of modern technology for delivering high-quality thin films. For conventional heteroepitaxy, the selection of proper single crystal substrates not only facilitates the integration of different materials but also fulfills interface and strain engineering upon a wide spectrum of functionalities. Nevertheless, the lattice structure, regularity and crystalline orientation are determined once a specific substrate is chosen. Here, we reveal the growth of twisted oxide lateral homostructure with controllable in-plane conjunctions. The twisted lateral homostructures with atomically sharp interfaces can be composed of epitaxial “blocks” with different crystalline orientations, ferroic orders and phases. We further demonstrate that this approach is universal for fabricating various complex systems, in which the unconventional physical properties can be artificially manipulated. Our results establish an efficient pathway towards twisted lateral homostructures, adding additional degrees of freedom to design epitaxial films.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-1723
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30321-8
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2553671-0
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole in the Center of the Milky Way
    American Astronomical Society ; 2022
    In:  The Astrophysical Journal Letters Vol. 930, No. 2 ( 2022-05-01), p. L12-
    Details
    In: The Astrophysical Journal Letters, American Astronomical Society, Vol. 930, No. 2 ( 2022-05-01), p. L12-
    Abstract: We present the first Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations of Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), the Galactic center source associated with a supermassive black hole. These observations were conducted in 2017 using a global interferometric array of eight telescopes operating at a wavelength of λ = 1.3 mm. The EHT data resolve a compact emission region with intrahour variability. A variety of imaging and modeling analyses all support an image that is dominated by a bright, thick ring with a diameter of 51.8 ± 2.3 μ as (68% credible interval). The ring has modest azimuthal brightness asymmetry and a comparatively dim interior. Using a large suite of numerical simulations, we demonstrate that the EHT images of Sgr A* are consistent with the expected appearance of a Kerr black hole with mass ∼4 × 10 6 M ⊙ , which is inferred to exist at this location based on previous infrared observations of individual stellar orbits, as well as maser proper-motion studies. Our model comparisons disfavor scenarios where the black hole is viewed at high inclination ( i 〉 50°), as well as nonspinning black holes and those with retrograde accretion disks. Our results provide direct evidence for the presence of a supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way, and for the first time we connect the predictions from dynamical measurements of stellar orbits on scales of 10 3 –10 5 gravitational radii to event-horizon-scale images and variability. Furthermore, a comparison with the EHT results for the supermassive black hole M87* shows consistency with the predictions of general relativity spanning over three orders of magnitude in central mass.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-8205 , 2041-8213
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac6674
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Astronomical Society
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2207648-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2006858-X
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Event Horizon Telescope imaging of the archetypal blazar 3C 279 at an extreme 20 microarcsecond resolution
    EDP Sciences ; 2020
    In:  Astronomy & Astrophysics Vol. 640 ( 2020-08), p. A69-
    Details
    In: Astronomy & Astrophysics, EDP Sciences, Vol. 640 ( 2020-08), p. A69-
    Abstract: 3C 279 is an archetypal blazar with a prominent radio jet that show broadband flux density variability across the entire electromagnetic spectrum. We use an ultra-high angular resolution technique – global Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) at 1.3 mm (230 GHz) – to resolve the innermost jet of 3C 279 in order to study its fine-scale morphology close to the jet base where highly variable γ -ray emission is thought to originate, according to various models. The source was observed during four days in April 2017 with the Event Horizon Telescope at 230 GHz, including the phased Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), at an angular resolution of ∼20  μ as (at a redshift of z  = 0.536 this corresponds to ∼0.13 pc  ∼ 1700 Schwarzschild radii with a black hole mass M BH  = 8 × 10 8   M ⊙ ). Imaging and model-fitting techniques were applied to the data to parameterize the fine-scale source structure and its variation. We find a multicomponent inner jet morphology with the northernmost component elongated perpendicular to the direction of the jet, as imaged at longer wavelengths. The elongated nuclear structure is consistent on all four observing days and across different imaging methods and model-fitting techniques, and therefore appears robust. Owing to its compactness and brightness, we associate the northern nuclear structure as the VLBI “core”. This morphology can be interpreted as either a broad resolved jet base or a spatially bent jet. We also find significant day-to-day variations in the closure phases, which appear most pronounced on the triangles with the longest baselines. Our analysis shows that this variation is related to a systematic change of the source structure. Two inner jet components move non-radially at apparent speeds of ∼15  c and ∼20  c (∼1.3 and ∼1.7  μ as day −1 , respectively), which more strongly supports the scenario of traveling shocks or instabilities in a bent, possibly rotating jet. The observed apparent speeds are also coincident with the 3C 279 large-scale jet kinematics observed at longer (cm) wavelengths, suggesting no significant jet acceleration between the 1.3 mm core and the outer jet. The intrinsic brightness temperature of the jet components are ≲10 10 K, a magnitude or more lower than typical values seen at ≥7 mm wavelengths. The low brightness temperature and morphological complexity suggest that the core region of 3C 279 becomes optically thin at short (mm) wavelengths.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0004-6361 , 1432-0746
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202037493
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    RVK:
    US 1090
    Language: English
    Publisher: EDP Sciences
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1458466-9
    SSG: 16,12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Postdiagnostic metformin use and survival of patients with colorectal cancer: A Nationwide cohort study
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  International Journal of Cancer Vol. 147, No. 7 ( 2020-10), p. 1904-1916
    Details
    In: International Journal of Cancer, Wiley, Vol. 147, No. 7 ( 2020-10), p. 1904-1916
    Abstract: What's new? While diabetic cancer patients treated with the antidiabetic drug metformin potentially experience survival benefits, multiple studies have found conflicting results regarding the effects of metformin on patient outcome. Here, investigation of associations between metformin and outcome in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients shows that metformin use post‐cancer diagnosis significantly lowers all‐cause mortality and CRC‐specific mortality in diabetic CRC patients. The beneficial effects of postdiagnostic metformin on survival were similar across diabetic patient subgroups stratified by age, CRC stage, and metformin use prior to cancer diagnosis. The findings warrant further investigation of metformin as an adjunct therapy in diabetic patients with CRC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0020-7136 , 1097-0215
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ijc.v147.7
    DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32989
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 218257-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1474822-8
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Novel Oral Anticoagulant versus Warfarin in Cancer Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: An 8-Year Population-Based Cohort Study
    Ivyspring International Publisher ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Cancer Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2020), p. 92-99
    Details
    In: Journal of Cancer, Ivyspring International Publisher, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2020), p. 92-99
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1837-9664
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.7150/jca.36468
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ivyspring International Publisher
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2573318-7
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A ring-like accretion structure in M87 connecting its black hole and jet
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Nature Vol. 616, No. 7958 ( 2023-04-27), p. 686-690
    Details
    In: Nature, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 616, No. 7958 ( 2023-04-27), p. 686-690
    Abstract: The nearby radio galaxy M87 is a prime target for studying black hole accretion and jet formation 1,2 . Event Horizon Telescope observations of M87 in 2017, at a wavelength of 1.3 mm, revealed a ring-like structure, which was interpreted as gravitationally lensed emission around a central black hole 3 . Here we report images of M87 obtained in 2018, at a wavelength of 3.5 mm, showing that the compact radio core is spatially resolved. High-resolution imaging shows a ring-like structure of $${8.4}_{-1.1}^{+0.5}$$ 8.4 − 1.1 + 0.5 Schwarzschild radii in diameter, approximately 50% larger than that seen at 1.3 mm. The outer edge at 3.5 mm is also larger than that at 1.3 mm. This larger and thicker ring indicates a substantial contribution from the accretion flow with absorption effects, in addition to the gravitationally lensed ring-like emission. The images show that the edge-brightened jet connects to the accretion flow of the black hole. Close to the black hole, the emission profile of the jet-launching region is wider than the expected profile of a black-hole-driven jet, suggesting the possible presence of a wind associated with the accretion flow.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0028-0836 , 1476-4687
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05843-w
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 120714-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1413423-8
    SSG: 11
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cytokine and Epigenetic Regulation of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 in Stem Cell Differentiation and Cancer Cell Plasticity
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  Stem Cells Vol. 39, No. 10 ( 2021-10-01), p. 1298-1309
    Details
    In: Stem Cells, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 39, No. 10 ( 2021-10-01), p. 1298-1309
    Abstract: Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), an immune checkpoint ligand, is recognized as a potential target for cancer immunotherapy as well as for the induction of transplantation tolerance. However, how the crosstalk between stem cell programming and cytokine signaling regulates PD-L1 expression during stem cell differentiation and cancer cell plasticity remains unclear. Herein, we reported that PD-L1 expression was regulated by SOX2 during embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation and lung cancer cell plasticity. PD-L1 was induced during ESC differentiation to fibroblasts and was downregulated during SOX2-mediated reprogramming of fibroblasts to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Furthermore, SOX2 activation affected cancer cell plasticity and inhibited PD-L1 expression in lung cancer cells. We discovered that the H3K27ac signal at the PD-L1 locus was enhanced during ESC differentiation to fibroblasts as well as during cancer plasticity of SOX2-positive lung cancer cells to SOX2-negative counterparts. Romidepsin, an epigenetic modifier, induced PD-L1 expression in lung cancer cells, whereas TGF-β stimulation downregulated SOX2 but upregulated PD-L1 expression in lung cancer cells. Furthermore, in addition to PD-L1, the expressions of EGFR and its ligand HBEGF were downregulated by activation of endogenous SOX2 expression during lung cancer cell plasticity and iPSC reprogramming, and the activation of EGFR signaling by HBEGF upregulated PD-L1 expression in lung cancer cells. Together, our results reveal the crosstalk between SOX2 programming and cytokine stimulation influences PD-L1 expression, and these findings may provide insights into PD-L1-mediated therapeutics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1066-5099 , 1549-4918
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/stem.3429
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2030643-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1143556-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 605570-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comparative Renoprotective Effect of Febuxostat and Allopurinol in Predialysis Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Nationwide Database Analysis
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics Vol. 107, No. 5 ( 2020-05), p. 1159-1169
    Details
    In: Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Wiley, Vol. 107, No. 5 ( 2020-05), p. 1159-1169
    Abstract: Hyperuricemia has been associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. The antihyperuricemic febuxostat's potential renoprotective effect has been demonstrated in stage 1–3 CKD. Large‐scale studies comparing the renoprotective potential of febuxostat and allopurinol in advanced CKD are lacking. We exclusively selected 6,057 eligible patients with predialysis stage 5 CKD prescribed either febuxostat or allopurinol using the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan during 2012–2015. There were 69.57% of allopurinol users and 42.01% febuxostat users who required long‐term dialysis ( P   〈  0.0001). The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 0.65 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.60–0.70) indicated near 35% lower hazards of long‐term dialysis with febuxostat use. The renal benefit of febuxostat was consistent across most patient subgroups and/or using the propensity score‐matched cohort. The adjusted HR was 0.66 (95% CI, 0.61–0.70) for long‐term dialysis or death. In conclusion, lower risk of progression to dialysis was observed in predialysis stage 5 CKD febuxostat users without compromising survival.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0009-9236 , 1532-6535
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/cpt.v107.5
    DOI: 10.1002/cpt.1697
    RVK:
    XA 36900
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2040184-X
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Abstract 11285: Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulant Drug-Drug Interactions in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Using Dronedarone and Non-Dronedarone Antiarrhythmic Drugs
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2021
    In:  Circulation Vol. 144, No. Suppl_1 ( 2021-11-16)
    Details
    In: Circulation, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 144, No. Suppl_1 ( 2021-11-16)
    Abstract: Introduction: Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) do not normally require INR-monitoring. We aimed to investigate drug-drug interactions of NOACs in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) using antiarrhythmic drugs. Hypothesis: Dronedarone may have less drug-drug interaction compared to non-dronedarone antiarrhythmic drugs. Methods: National Health Insurance Research Database were retrieved between 2012 and 2017 for patients with AF. We excluded patients not taking antiarrhythmic drugs, bradycardia, heart block, history of heart failure, mitral stenosis, prosthetic valve, incomplete demographic data, and follow-up 〈 3 months. Primary outcomes were major bleeding, intracranial hemorrhage, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Results: In total, 84,933 patients used NOAC in patients with AF were enrolled. After exclusion criteria, there were 26,773 patients with 204,937 person-quarters remained for analysis after the exclusion criteria were applied In terms of major bleeding, there was no increased major bleeding due to DDI between NOAC and dronedarone (adjusted rate ratio [aRR] : 0.77, 99% confidence interval [CI]: 0.54-1.12, p = 0.074). In terms of intracranial hemorrhage, there was no increased major bleeding due to DDI between NOAC and dronedarone (aRR: 0.64, 99% CI: 0.34-1.20, p = 0.0668). In terms of gastrointestinal bleeding, there was no increased major bleeding due to DDI between NOAC and dronedarone (aRR: 0.86, 99% CI: 0.55-1.35, p = 0.3819). Conclusions: In this study, NOACs and dronedarone coprescription is not associated with an increased risk of major bleeding, intracranial hemorrhage, nor gastrointestinal bleeding. The results suggest that such NOAC with dronedarone coprescription should be practiced in place of NOAC with amiodarone when the clinical criteria are appropriate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0009-7322 , 1524-4539
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/circ.144.suppl_1.11285
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466401-X
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Table_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine Vol. 10 ( 2023-3-3)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 10 ( 2023-3-3)
    Abstract: Left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) characterized by a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is associated with adverse patient outcomes. We aimed to build a deep neural network (DNN)-based model using standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) to screen for LVSD and stratify patient prognosis. Methods This retrospective chart review study was conducted using data from consecutive adults who underwent ECG examinations at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in Taiwan between October 2007 and December 2019. DNN models were developed to recognize LVSD, defined as LVEF & lt;40%, using original ECG signals or transformed images from 190,359 patients with paired ECG and echocardiogram within 14 days. The 190,359 patients were divided into a training set of 133,225 and a validation set of 57,134. The accuracy of recognizing LVSD and subsequent mortality predictions were tested using ECGs from 190,316 patients with paired data. Of these 190,316 patients, we further selected 49,564 patients with multiple echocardiographic data to predict LVSD incidence. We additionally used data from 1,194,982 patients who underwent ECG only to assess mortality prognostication. External validation was performed using data of 91,425 patients from Tri-Service General Hospital, Taiwan. Results The mean age of patients in the testing dataset was 63.7 ± 16.3 years (46.3% women), and 8,216 patients (4.3%) had LVSD. The median follow-up period was 3.9 years (interquartile range 1.5–7.9 years). The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUROC), sensitivity, and specificity of the signal-based DNN (DNN-signal) to identify LVSD were 0.95, 0.91, and 0.86, respectively. DNN signal-predicted LVSD was associated with age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of 2.57 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.53–2.62) for all-cause mortality and 6.09 (5.83–6.37) for cardiovascular mortality. In patients with multiple echocardiograms, a positive DNN prediction in patients with preserved LVEF was associated with an adjusted HR (95% CI) of 8.33 (7.71 to 9.00) for incident LVSD. Signal- and image-based DNNs performed equally well in the primary and additional datasets. Conclusion Using DNNs, ECG becomes a low-cost, clinically feasible tool to screen LVSD and facilitate accurate prognostication.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2297-055X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1070641
    DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1070641.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2781496-8
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