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  • 2020-2024  (98)
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  • 2020-2024  (98)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Randomized controlled pilot trial of prazosin for prophylaxis of posttraumatic headaches in active‐duty service members and veterans
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain Vol. 63, No. 6 ( 2023-06), p. 751-762
    Details
    In: Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain, Wiley, Vol. 63, No. 6 ( 2023-06), p. 751-762
    Abstract: Evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of prazosin for prophylaxis of headaches following mild traumatic brain injury in active‐duty service members and military veterans. Background Prazosin is an alpha‐1 adrenoreceptor antagonist that reduces noradrenergic signaling. An open‐label trial in which prazosin reduced headache frequency in veterans following mild traumatic brain injury provided the rationale for this pilot study. Methods A 22‐week parallel‐group randomized controlled trial  which included 48 military veterans and active‐duty service members with mild traumatic brain injury–related headaches was performed. The study design was based on International Headache Society consensus guidelines for randomized controlled trials for chronic migraine. Following a pre‐treatment baseline phase, participants with at least eight qualifying headache days per 4 weeks were randomized 2:1 to prazosin or placebo. After a 5‐week titration to a maximum possible dose of 5 mg (morning) and 20 mg (evening), participants were maintained on the achieved dose for 12 weeks. Outcome measures were evaluated in 4‐week blocks during the maintenance dose phase. The primary outcome measure was change in 4‐week frequency of qualifying headache days. Secondary outcome measures were percent participants achieving at least 50% reduction in qualifying headache days and change in Headache Impact Test‐6 scores. Results Intent‐to‐treat analysis of randomized study participants (prazosin N  = 32; placebo N  = 16) demonstrated greater benefit over time in the prazosin group for all three outcome measures. In prazosin versus placebo participants, reductions from baseline to the final rating period for 4‐week headache frequency were −11.9 ± 1.0 (mean ± standard error) versus −6.7 ± 1.5, a prazosin minus placebo difference of −5.2 (−8.8, −1.6 [95% confidence interval]), p  = 0.005 and for Headache Impact Test‐6 scores were −6.0 ± 1.3 versus +0.6 ± 1.8, a difference of −6.6 (−11.0, −2.2), p  = 0.004. The mean predicted percent of participants at 12 weeks with ≥50% reduction in headache days/4 weeks, baseline to final rating, was 70 ± 8% for prazosin (21/30) versus 29 ± 12% for placebo (4/14), odds ratio 5.8 (1.44, 23.6), p  = 0.013. The trial completion rate of 94% in the prazosin group (30/32) and 88% in the placebo group (14/16) indicated that prazosin was generally well tolerated at the administered dose regimen. Morning drowsiness/lethargy was the only adverse effect that differed significantly between groups, affecting 69% of the prazosin group (22/32) versus 19% of the placebo group (3/16), p  = 0.002. Conclusions This pilot study provides a clinically meaningful efficacy signal for prazosin prophylaxis of posttraumatic headaches. A larger randomized controlled trial is needed to confirm and extend these promising results.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0017-8748 , 1526-4610
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/head.v63.6
    DOI: 10.1111/head.14529
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020316-0
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Identification of anthracnose races in Manitoba and Ontario from 2005 to 2015 and their reactions on Ontario dry bean cultivars
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 2020
    In:  Canadian Journal of Plant Science Vol. 100, No. 1 ( 2020-02-01), p. 40-55
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Plant Science, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 100, No. 1 ( 2020-02-01), p. 40-55
    Abstract: Anthracnose, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus) Briosi & Cavara, is one of the most destructive diseases of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the world. Between 2005 and 2015, commercial fields of dry beans in Manitoba and Ontario were surveyed to determine the frequency of occurrence of races of the anthracnose fungus. Throughout the study, race 73 was most prevalent in Manitoba and Ontario. However, three anthracnose races not previously reported in Canada also were identified. These three new races and four previously identified anthracnose races were used to screen 52 dry bean cultivars, as well as a mung bean and azuki bean cultivar from Ontario, for their seedling reactions to determine their patterns of race resistance. The dry bean cultivars were classified into a total of 19 resistance spectra based on the pattern of seedling reactions to the seven anthracnose races. The most common resistance spectrum was susceptible to the majority of the anthracnose races and no cultivar was resistant to all of the races. Many bean cultivars produced intermediate anthracnose ratings to races 31 and 105 and tests of 16 dry bean cultivars against those races indicated that all cultivars with intermediate ratings to a specific race were segregating in their seedling reactions and none of the cultivars produced plants with only intermediate anthracnose severity ratings. This study provides new information on the anthracnose reactions of common bean cultivars in Canada, which should be useful for the development of new bean cultivars with durable resistance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0008-4220 , 1918-1833
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/cjps-2019-0003
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016989-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Season and prey identity mediate the effect of predators on parasites in rodents: a test of the healthy herds hypothesis
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Oecologia Vol. 201, No. 1 ( 2023-01), p. 107-118
    Details
    In: Oecologia, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 201, No. 1 ( 2023-01), p. 107-118
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0029-8549 , 1432-1939
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s00442-022-05284-8
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1462019-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 123369-5
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Molecular Assessment of Pathotype Diversity of Phytophthora sojae in Canada Highlights Declining Sources of Resistance in Soybean
    Scientific Societies ; 2021
    In:  Plant Disease Vol. 105, No. 12 ( 2021-12-01), p. 4006-4013
    Details
    In: Plant Disease, Scientific Societies, Vol. 105, No. 12 ( 2021-12-01), p. 4006-4013
    Abstract: The large-scale deployment of resistance to Phytophthora sojae (Rps) genes in soybean has led to the rapid evolution of the virulence profile (pathotype) of P. sojae populations. Determining the pathotypes of P. sojae isolates is important in selecting soybean germplasm carrying the proper Rps, but this process is fastidious and requires specific expertise. In this work, we used a molecular assay to assess the pathotypes of P. sojae isolates obtained throughout the provinces of Québec, Ontario, and Manitoba. In preliminary assays, the molecular tool showed equivalent prediction of the pathotypes as a phenotyping assay and proved to be much faster to apply while eliminating intermediate values. Upon analysis of nearly 300 isolates, 24 different pathotypes were detected in Québec and Ontario, compared with only eight in Manitoba, where soybean culture is more recent. Pathotypes 1a, 1c, and 1d was predominant in Québec, while 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, and 1k pathotypes were the most common in Manitoba. Overall, the results showed that 98 and 86% of the isolates carried pathotype 1a or 1c, respectively, suggesting that Rps1a and Rps1c were no longer effective in Canada. Based on the history of soybean varieties used in surveyed fields, it was found that 84% of them contained Rps genes that were no longer resistant against the pathotypes of the isolates found in the fields. While highlighting an easier and more precise option to assess pathotypes, this study presents the first pan-Canadian survey of P. sojae and stresses the importance of carefully managing the declining sources of resistance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0191-2917 , 1943-7692
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-04-21-0762-RE
    Language: English
    Publisher: Scientific Societies
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2042679-3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mapping QTL associated with partial resistance to Aphanomyces root rot in pea (Pisum sativum L.) using a 13.2 K SNP array and SSR markers
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Theoretical and Applied Genetics Vol. 134, No. 9 ( 2021-09), p. 2965-2990
    Details
    In: Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 134, No. 9 ( 2021-09), p. 2965-2990
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0040-5752 , 1432-2242
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03871-6
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478966-8
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with increased cysteine and methionine concentration
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Legume Science Vol. 3, No. 3 ( 2021-09)
    Details
    In: Legume Science, Wiley, Vol. 3, No. 3 ( 2021-09)
    Abstract: In common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.), seed storage protein deficiency is associated with increased total cysteine and methionine concentration. The goal of this study was to generate germplasm lines that combine this characteristic with adaptation to short season conditions in Manitoba, Canada. A recombinant inbred line population was developed by crossing the storage protein deficient genotype, SMARC1N‐PN1 with the cultivar Morden003. Two lines, 2‐37 and 3‐84, with a stable protein profile over 2 years at two locations were identified. Like SMARC1N‐PN1, both lines had a significantly higher cysteine concentration than Morden003, by approximately 35%. Methionine levels were elevated by approximately 15%, while tryptophan levels were also increased by approximately 30%. Line 2‐37 had a significant increase in protein quality, as measured by in vitro protein digestibility corrected amino acid score, by approximately 40%, as compared with Morden003. The increased protein quality for this line is attributable to higher levels of total cysteine and methionine, while having an overall reduction in crude protein concentration. Line 2‐37 had a similar seed yield as SMARC1N‐PN1, with a maturity comparable to Morden003. The results of high‐density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping and quantitative trait locus analysis of recombinant inbred lines indicated that variation in cysteine concentration was determined by the phaseolin locus, while variation in methionine concentration was determined by both the phaseolin and lectin loci. SNP markers that track the introgression of phaseolin and lectin deficiency into the Morden003 background were identified and validated.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2639-6181 , 2639-6181
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/leg3.v3.3
    DOI: 10.1002/leg3.103
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3009748-4
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dry Bean and Anthracnose Development From Seeds With Varying Symptom Severity
    Scientific Societies ; 2021
    In:  Plant Disease Vol. 105, No. 2 ( 2021-02), p. 392-399
    Details
    In: Plant Disease, Scientific Societies, Vol. 105, No. 2 ( 2021-02), p. 392-399
    Abstract: Anthracnose, caused by the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, is a damaging seed-transmitted disease of dry beans that causes reduced seed quality and yield. Seed-to-seedling transmission of C. lindemuthianum has been documented as high as 15% in asymptomatic seeds under greenhouse conditions. Increasing pathogen colonization in seeds has been correlated with increasing anthracnose seed symptoms via quantitative PCR (qPCR), but stem colonization has not been quantified. Previous studies also have characterized seed yield and quality losses caused by planting C. lindemuthianum–infected seeds, but none evaluated the effect of growing asymptomatic seeds on disease and plant development under field conditions. A real-time qPCR assay was developed in this study and used to detect C. lindemuthianum in the stems of seedlings as early as 15 days after planting. Field trials measured the seed-to-seedling transmission of C. lindemuthianum across levels of anthracnose symptoms in seeds ranging from healthy to severely discolored. Results from these two field trials indicated that emergence and yield decreased and foliar symptoms, pathogen detection, and incidence of symptoms on progeny seeds increased as the severity of infection in planted seeds increased. In both years, planting asymptomatic seeds resulted in higher anthracnose severity than planting healthy seeds. Yield, seed weight, and incidence of symptoms on progeny seeds were not higher in asymptomatic seeds than in healthy seeds in 2014, when moderate disease pressure was observed. However, these factors were significantly different in 2015, when anthracnose severity was driven up to 75% by conducive weather conditions. This serves as a strong warning to growers that planting seed grown in a field where anthracnose was present, even if those seeds are asymptomatic, can result in yield and quality losses. Planting certified dry bean seed is always recommended.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0191-2917 , 1943-7692
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-02-20-0402-RE
    Language: English
    Publisher: Scientific Societies
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2042679-3
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    AAC Y073 yellow dry bean
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 2020
    In:  Canadian Journal of Plant Science Vol. 100, No. 3 ( 2020-06-01), p. 336-339
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Plant Science, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 100, No. 3 ( 2020-06-01), p. 336-339
    Abstract: AAC Y073 is a high-yielding, yellow dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar with a partially upright, determinate bush (type I) growth habit, early maturity, and large seeds with a bright yellow seed coat. Large, bright yellow seeds of AAC Y073 is an improvement over the current check cultivar CDC Sol. AAC Y073 was developed at the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB, and is well suited for commercial production under irrigation in Alberta and Saskatchewan.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0008-4220 , 1918-1833
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/cjps-2019-0265
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016989-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pathogenicity, anastomosis groups, host range, and genetic diversity of Rhizoctonia species isolated from soybean, pea, and other crops in Alberta and Manitoba, Canada
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 2022
    In:  Canadian Journal of Plant Science Vol. 102, No. 2 ( 2022-04-01), p. 301-315
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Plant Science, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 102, No. 2 ( 2022-04-01), p. 301-315
    Abstract: Root rot is a common disease in soybean (Glycine max) and field pea (Pisum sativum), which restrain increased production in Canada. Sixty-seven isolates of Rhizoctonia were recovered from various diseased plants in Alberta, Canada along with three isolates from diseased soybean plants in Manitoba, Canada. According to their anastomosis behavior, 23 (32.9%) of the isolates were identified as anastomosis group (AG) 4 (AG4), 7 (10.0%) were AG2-1, 10 (14.3%) were AG2-2, 7 (10.0%) were AG5, 3 (4.3%) were AG-E and the AGs of the remaining 20 (28.6%) isolates could not be determined. Isolates belonging to AG4 produced typical symptoms of stem rot and root rot on seedlings of soybean and pea and were more aggressive than the AG2-1, AG2-2, AG5 and AG-E isolates. Selected isolates of AG4, AG2-1, AG2-2, AG5 and AG-E were to some degree able to infect common crops in Alberta, which included barley, canola, corn, faba bean, flax, lupin, lentil, pea, potato, soybean, and wheat. The genetic variability among these isolates was evaluated using phylogenetic analysis based on the rDNA ITS sequences and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. For the ITS sequence analysis, a neighbour-joining tree was constructed using the PAUP program, which clustered the Rhizoctonia isolates into five groups (Groups I to V). However, no correlation was observed between AGs, locations, aggressiveness or host origins. For the ISSR analysis, 54 polymorphic ISSR patterns were identified, indicating a high level of diversity among the isolates.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0008-4220 , 1918-1833
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/cjps-2021-0039
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016989-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Table_1.xlsx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Plant Science Vol. 13 ( 2022-11-15)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Plant Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-11-15)
    Abstract: Anthracnose, caused by the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & amp; Magnus) Lams.-Scrib., is one of the most devastating diseases in dry bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with seed yield losses up to 100%. Most anthracnose resistance genes thus far identified behave in a dominant manner and were identified by seedling screening. The Middle American Diversity Panel (MDP; n=266) was screened with a modified greenhouse screening method to evaluate the response to anthracnose race 73. Thirty MDP genotypes exhibited resistance to the race of which 16 genotypes were not known to contain anthracnose resistance genes to race 73. GWAS with ~93,000 SNP markers identified four genomic regions, two each on Pv01 and Pv10, associated race 73 resistance. A likelihood-ratio-based R2 analysis indicated the peak four SNP markers are responsible for 26% of the observed phenotypic variation, where one SNP, S10_072250, explains 23% of the total variation. SNP S10_072250 is associated with a new region of anthracnose resistance and is in an intron of a ZPR1 -like gene. Further greenhouse testing of the 16 resistant lines without previously known resistance to race 73 revealed various levels of resistance under various levels of disease pressure. Disease resistance was further characterized in the field using four representative genotypes. GTS-900 and Remington exhibited field resistance while Merlot and Maverick were susceptible. Field testing with two different fungicide regimes revealed the resistant genotypes had no significant disease differences. The results suggest resistance to anthracnose may differ at various growth stages and that breeders have been selecting for major genes at early seedling stages while ignoring the effect of alternative genes that may be active at later stages. The newly identified resistant lines may be related to Age Related Resistance (ARR) and could be exploited as parental sources of anthracnose resistance in addition to already known major genes. The physical localization of the multiple regions of resistance confirms the presence of two clusters of disease resistance genes on Pv01 and identifies two new regions of anthracnose resistance on Pv10 possibly associated with ARR. Future research should look at the mode of inheritance of this resistance and its effect when combined with other anthracnose resistance loci.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-462X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1015583
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1015583.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2687947-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2613694-6
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