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  • 1
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    The usefulness of the estimated average glucose/fasting blood glucose ratio for pancreatic β‐cell function assessment in hyperglycemia during health checkups
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis Vol. 36, No. 10 ( 2022-10)
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, Wiley, Vol. 36, No. 10 ( 2022-10)
    Abstract: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a disease marked by inadequate insulin secretion by pancreatic beta‐cell function (BCF) failure and insulin resistance (IR). Assessing and managing the BCF and IR should be started early to prevent or delay the progression of the disease. The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of the estimated average glucose (eAG)/fasting blood glucose (FBG) ratio for pancreatic BCF in hyperglycemia. Methods This cross‐sectional study consecutively selected 10,594 subjects who underwent a health checkup at 16 health checkup centers in 13 Korean cities between 2019 and 2021. The subjects consisted of 3003 patients with normoglycemia, 3413 with impaired fasting glucose and 4178 with T2DM. The eAG was calculated using Nathan's regression equation. BCF and IR were estimated by the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)‐β and HOMA‐IR, respectively. Multivariate (adjusted) regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between the eAG/FBG ratio and HOMA. Results The median values among FBG groups for the eAG/FBG ratio, HOMA‐β, ‐IR and insulin differed significantly ( p   〈  0.001). The second‐, third‐ and fourth‐quartile groups of the eAG/FBG ratio had positive higher correlation coefficients [9.533, 10.080 and 12.021, respectively (all p   〈  0.001)] for HOMA‐β than the first quartile group, and higher negative coefficients for HOMA‐IR [−0.696, −0.727 and −0.598, respectively (all p  = 0.001)]. Conclusion The eAG/FBG ratio was significantly correlated with both HOMA‐β and ‐IR, which suggests that eAG/FBG ratio reveals BCF and IR in hyperglycemia. Measurement of this ratio could be useful for monitoring BCF and IR in prediabetes and T2DM.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0887-8013 , 1098-2825
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jcla.v36.10
    DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24693
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 2
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    Diagnostic performance of Mac‐2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) in screening liver fibrosis in health checkups
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis Vol. 34, No. 8 ( 2020-08)
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, Wiley, Vol. 34, No. 8 ( 2020-08)
    Abstract: Mild‐to‐moderate fibrosis is rarely diagnosed because the disease is asymptomatic in the early stage. The serum level of Mac‐2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) has been found to increase with the severity of liver fibrosis. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic performance of M2BPGi in screening liver fibrosis using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) as a reference standard and to compare it with using the aspartate aminotransferase‐to‐platelet ratio (APRI) and the Fibrosis‐4 index (FIB‐4) in health checkups. Methods This cross‐sectional study consecutively selected subjects at health examinations who underwent MRE and M2BPGi testing at eight health promotion centers in Korea between January and September 2019. The serum M2BPGi level was measured using the chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay method. The measured levels were indexed using the cutoff index (COI). COI values of M2BPGi were compared with the MRE results. Results The median (interquartile) values of COI for fibrosis stages F0 (normal liver stiffness), F1 (mild fibrosis), F2 (significant fibrosis), and ≥F3 (advanced fibrosis) were 0.49 (0.34‐0.61), 0.48 (0.38‐0.68), 0.64 (0.43‐1.03), and 1.01 (0.75‐1.77), respectively ( P   〈  .0001). The AUCs of the COI for the screening of fibrosis stage ≥F1, ≥F2, and ≥F3 were 0.591, 0.698, and 0.853, respectively. Using a threshold of 0.75 for COI to exclude advanced fibrosis had a sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value of 80.0%, 77.9%, and 98.9%, respectively. The AUC for excluding advanced fibrosis was better for M2BPGi than for FIB‐4 and APRI. Conclusion Serum M2BPGi was useful for screening significant and advanced fibrosis in health checkups.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0887-8013 , 1098-2825
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jcla.v34.8
    DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23316
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 3
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    Associations of complete blood count parameters with pancreatic beta‐cell function and insulin resistance in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis Vol. 36, No. 6 ( 2022-06)
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, Wiley, Vol. 36, No. 6 ( 2022-06)
    Abstract: Previous studies found controversial associations of CBC parameters with pancreatic beta‐cell function (BCF) and insulin resistance (IR). The aim of this was to determine the independent associations of CBC parameters with BCF and IR in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods This study selected subjects who underwent health checkups at 16 health‐promotion centers in 13 Korean cities during 2021. The subjects comprised 1470 patients with normoglycemia, 1124 with prediabetes, and 396 with T2DM. BCF and IR were assessed using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)‐β and HOMA‐IR, respectively. Correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were used to determine the correlation between CBC parameters and HOMA. Results While HOMA‐IR gradually increased according to red blood cell count quartiles (1.22, 1.40, 1.47, and 1.91, in the first, second, third, and fourth quartiles, respectively; p 〈 0.001), there was no correlation after adjusting for waist circumference (WC) and HbA1c. The red blood cell distribution width (RDW) was associated with HOMA‐ β [coefficient ( β ) = 15.527, p = 0.002], but not with HOMA‐IR. White blood cells (WBCs) were associated with HOMA‐IR and HOMA‐ β , which was stronger in HOMA‐β ( β = 0.505 vs 15.171, p = 0.002) after adjusting for WC and HbA1c. The platelet count was correlated with HOMA‐IR and HOMA‐β, which only remained in HOMA‐β ( β = 15.581, p = 0.002) after adjusting for WC and HbA1c. Conclusion RDW, WBC, and platelet counts were independently associated with only HOMA‐β in prediabetes and T2DM. This suggests that these CBC parameters could represent BCF in prediabetes and T2DM.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0887-8013 , 1098-2825
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jcla.v36.6
    DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24454
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 4
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    SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response and Sustainability after a Third Dose of BNT162b2 in Healthcare Workers at Health Promotion Centers
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Viruses Vol. 15, No. 3 ( 2023-03-14), p. 751-
    Details
    In: Viruses, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 3 ( 2023-03-14), p. 751-
    Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the antibody response and the sustainability of immunogenicity after a third dose of BNT162b2 (BNT) in homologous [ChAdOx1 (ChAd)/ChAd, BNT/BNT, and mRNA-1273 (Moderna)/Moderna] and heterologous (ChAd/BNT) vaccinations of two primary doses with different schemes. This prospective observational study recruited consenting healthcare workers from 16 healt h checkup centers in 13 Korean cities. Three-point blood tests were analyzed as the antibody response after the third vaccination: T3-1 (1 month after the third dose), T3-3 (3 months after the third dose), and T3-4–10 (4–10 months after the third dose). SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were measured using a chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay with SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant in the ARCHITECT system (Abbott Diagnostics). The antibody levels were significantly higher in the Moderna /Moderna and BNT/BNT groups than in the ChAd/ ChAd and ChAd/BNT groups (p 〈 0.05) at T3-1. At T3-3, antibody levels had decreased by 29.1% in the BNT/BNT group and by 45.3% in the ChAd/ChAd group compared with the antibody levels at T3-1. The anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG levels at T3-1 were significantly associated with having received mRNA vaccines as the two primary doses (p 〈 0.001). The third dose of BNT induced an increased humoral immune response in various vaccination schemes, which was more prominent for the two primary doses of homologous mRNA vaccines. However, this immunogenicity decreased within 3–10 months after the third dose. These results suggest that another booster dose (a fourth dose), which would be able to counteract SARS-CoV-2 variants, is needed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4915
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/v15030751
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2516098-9
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  • 5
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    Nationwide seroprevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic population in South Korea: a cross-sectional study
    BMJ ; 2021
    In:  BMJ Open Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2021-04), p. e049837-
    Details
    In: BMJ Open, BMJ, Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2021-04), p. e049837-
    Abstract: Asymptomatic active infection might be an important contributor to the COVID-19 outbreak. Serological tests can assess the extent of exposure and herd immunity to COVID-19 in general populations. This study aimed to estimate the nationwide seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies according to age, sex and clinical status in South Korea. Design, setting and participants This cross-sectional study randomly selected health examinees who underwent health check-up at 16 health promotion centres in 13 Korean cities across the country between late September and early December 2020. Residual serum samples were obtained from 4085 subjects (2014 men and 2071 women). Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay using Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 (Roche Elecsys, Mannheim, Germany). Primary and secondary outcome measures Fisher’s exact test was used to compare the seroprevalence according to sex, age group and region. The relative risks of being seropositive according to the characteristics of the study subjects were analysed using logistic regression analysis. Results The overall seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 was 0.39% (95% CI=0.20% to 0.58%): 0.30% (95% CI=0.06% to 0.54%) for men and 0.48% (95% CI=0.18% to 0.78%) for women. The rate of anti-SARS-CoV-2 positivity varied significantly between different regions of Korea (p=0.003), but not with age group, sex, or the statuses of obesity, diabetes, hypertension or smoking. Conclusions Most of the Korean population is still immunologically vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2, but the seroprevalence has increased relative to that found in studies performed prior to September 2020 in Korea.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2044-6055 , 2044-6055
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049837
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 6
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    The Reproducibility and Usefulness of Estimated Average Glucose for Hyperglycemia Management during Health Checkups: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Healthcare Vol. 10, No. 5 ( 2022-04-29), p. 824-
    Details
    In: Healthcare, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 5 ( 2022-04-29), p. 824-
    Abstract: HbA1c reflects average glucose levels over 3 months, but it does not measure glycemic variability. This study aimed to determine the reproducibility and usefulness of HbA1c-derived estimated average glucose (eAG) and to analyze the factors associated with eAG during health checkups. This cross-sectional retrospective study consecutively selected subjects who had undergone health checkups at 16 health-promotion centers in 13 Korean cities in 2020. The subjects comprised 182,848 healthy subjects with normoglycemia, 109,555 with impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and 35,632 with diabetes. eAG was calculated using Nathan’s regression equation. In all subjects, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was found to be fairly strongly correlated with eAG (r = 0.811). When the subjects were divided into FPG subgroups, the strength of the correlation decreased among those with normoglycemia and IFG (p 〈 0.001). Higher eAG levels were associated with older age, females, higher FPG, and lower HDL-C and triglycerides (p 〈 0.05). The proportion of subjects with a higher value of FPG than eAG was 46.3% in poorly controlled diabetic patients, compared with only 1.5% in normoglycemic subjects. This suggests eAG could help patients to understand their glycemic variability intuitively and healthcare providers to identify patients who might worsen in hyperglycemia control through measuring the difference between eAG and FPG.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10050824
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2721009-1
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  • 7
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    Cytological, histological, and molecular characteristics of pure invasive micropapillary carcinoma of pancreas : A case report
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2020
    In:  Medicine Vol. 99, No. 24 ( 2020-06-12), p. e20668-
    Details
    In: Medicine, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 99, No. 24 ( 2020-06-12), p. e20668-
    Abstract: Pure invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) is a rare histologic subtype of pancreatic cancer which has a high propensity for lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis. Patient concerns: An 81-year-old woman was admitted to our institution with a 3-month history of back pain. Computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis confirmed the presence of a low-density mass in the tail of the pancreas. Diagnosis: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) from the pancreatic mass showed small tumor cell clusters with three-dimensional aggregates and morula-like structures. The tumor was diagnosed as adenocarcinoma with micropapillary features. Interventions: The patient underwent radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy and regional lymph node dissection. Histological examination showed small clusters of tumor cells that were closely adhered to one another. The cells were located in empty stromal spaces mimicking lymphovascular channels. All tumor cells showed reverse polarity, resulting in an “inside-out” pattern. An extensive search was performed, and no typical ductal adenocarcinoma component was found. The tumor measured 1.5 × 1.3 cm and invaded into the peripancreatic fat tissue without adjacent organ invasion. One of the 12 regional lymph nodes showed metastasis. Ion Torrent next-generation sequencing identified missense mutations in KRAS , TP53 , and SMAD4 using the Oncomine Comprehensive Panel version 1. Outcomes: Twelve months following surgical resection the patient remained healthy with no evidence of recurrence at clinical follow-up. Lessons: This report highlights the diagnostic features and molecular characteristics of pure pancreatic IMPC and the challenges with diagnosis by FNAC. A centralized and collaborative accumulation of additional cases of pure IMPC could further elucidate its pathogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0025-7974 , 1536-5964
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000020668
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2049818-4
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  • 8
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    Reference interval and the role of plasma oligomeric beta amyloid in screening of risk groups for cognitive dysfunction at health checkups
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis Vol. 35, No. 9 ( 2021-09)
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, Wiley, Vol. 35, No. 9 ( 2021-09)
    Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) has a prolonged preclinical stage characterized by cognitive dysfunction. Simple, reliable, and noninvasive biomarkers reflecting the pathogenesis of AD are needed for screening cognitive dysfunction in primary health care. The aims of this study were to determine (1) the potential utility of the Multimer Detection System‐Oligomeric Amyloid‐β (MDS‐OAβ) value in cognitive assessments and (2) the reference interval (RI) of plasma MDS‐OAβ values in the general population. Methods This prospective study consecutively recruited 1,594 participants who underwent health checkups including cognitive function examination at 16 health‐promotion centers in Korea between December 2020 and January 2021. The inBlood TM OAβ test (PeopleBio, Gyeonggi‐do, Republic of Korea) was utilized to quantify MDS‐OAβ values in plasma. The reference subjects were obtained among those with normal general cognition on cognitive screening tools. RIs were established according to the CLSI C28‐A3 guidelines. Results The median MDS‐OAβ value was higher in subjects with Korean Dementia Screening Questionnaire‐Cognition (KDSQ‐C) scores ≥8 than in those with KDSQ‐C scores of 6–7 ( P  = 0.013). The median MDS‐OAβ value was higher in subjects with Mini‐Mental State Examination for Dementia Screening (MMSE‐DS) scores of 21–26 than in those with MMSE‐DS scores ≥27 ( P  = 0.011). The RI (one‐side upper 95th percentile) of the MDS‐OAβ value was 0.80 ng/mL (95% confidence interval = 0.78–0.82) in those aged ≥50 years. Conclusions The plasma MDS‐OAβ value reflects cognitive function as assessed using the KDSQ‐C and MMSE‐DS. RIs obtained from a large and cognitively healthy community‐based sample are presented.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0887-8013 , 1098-2825
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jcla.v35.9
    DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23933
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 9
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    Antibody response after two doses of homologous or heterologous SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines in healthcare workers at health promotion centers: A prospective observational study
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Medical Virology Vol. 94, No. 10 ( 2022-10), p. 4719-4726
    Details
    In: Journal of Medical Virology, Wiley, Vol. 94, No. 10 ( 2022-10), p. 4719-4726
    Abstract: Assaying of anti‐spike‐protein receptor‐binding domain (S‐RBD) antibodies are used to aid evaluations of the immune statuses of individuals. The aim of this study was to determine the antibody response after two doses of homologous or heterologous severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) vaccines and to identify the factors affecting this response among healthcare workers (HCWs) at health promotion centers. In this prospective observational study, 1095 consenting HCWs were recruited from 16 health checkup centers and were tested at T0 (day of first dose), T1‐1 (1 month after first dose), T2‐0 (day of second dose), T2‐1 (1 month after second dose), and T2‐3 (3 months after second dose). SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies were measured using a chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay with SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG II Quant in the ARCHITECT system (Abbott Diagnostics). At T1‐1, anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 S‐RBD IgG levels were significantly higher in participants who received messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines than in those who received viral vector vaccines ( p  〈  0.001). At T2‐1, anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 S‐RBD IgG levels were about 10 times higher than at T1‐1 in participants who received homologous mRNA vaccines, which decreased to a third of those at T2‐3. Anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 S‐RBD IgG levels were highest among those who received homologous mRNA vaccines, followed by heterologous mRNA viral vector vaccines and homologous viral vector vaccines at T2‐3 ( p  〈  0.001). In a multivariable linear regression analysis, being female, taking at least one mRNA vaccine, and having a history of recovery from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) were significantly associated with anti‐S‐RBD levels. Anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 S‐RBD IgG levels were decreased at 3 months after two‐dose vaccinations and were associated with sex, vaccine type, and COVID‐19 history.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0146-6615 , 1096-9071
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jmv.v94.10
    DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27911
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 752392-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475090-9
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  • 10
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    Prevalence of liver fibrosis and associated risk factors in the Korean general population: a retrospective cross-sectional study
    BMJ ; 2021
    In:  BMJ Open Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2021-03), p. e046529-
    Details
    In: BMJ Open, BMJ, Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2021-03), p. e046529-
    Abstract: The health burden of chronic liver disease is increasing worldwide. Its main histological consequence is liver fibrosis, and eventually cirrhosis. This process is rarely diagnosed at the pre-cirrhotic stage due to it being asymptomatic. Little is known about the prevalence of liver fibrosis and associated risk factors in the general population. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and distribution of liver fibrosis using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), as well as the risk factors associated with liver fibrosis in the asymptomatic general population. Design, setting and participants This cross-sectional retrospective study consecutively selected subjects who underwent health check-ups including MRE at 13 health promotion centres in Korea between 2018 and 2020. Liver fibrosis was estimated using MRE with cut-off values for significant and advanced liver fibrosis of 2.90 and 3.60 kPa, respectively. Primary and secondary outcome measures The Χ 2 test was used to compare the prevalence of liver fibrosis according to sex and age groups. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the factors for significant and advanced liver fibrosis. Results Among the 8183 subjects, 778 (9.5%) had ≥significant fibrosis (≥2.9 kPa), which included 214 (2.6%) subjects with ≥advanced fibrosis (≥3.6 kPa). Multivariable analysis revealed that liver fibrosis was associated with age (OR=1.34, 95% CI=1.18 to 1.51), male sex (OR=3.18, 95% CI=1.97 to 5.13), diabetes (OR=2.43, 95% CI=1.8 to 3.28), HBsAg positivity (OR=3.49, 95% CI=2.55 to 4.79), abnormal liver function test (OR=1.9, 95% CI=1.49 to 2.42) and obesity (OR=1.77, 95% CI=1.35 to 2.32) (all p 〈 0.001), as well as metabolic syndrome (OR=1.4, 95% CI=1.05 to 1.87) (p=0.024). Conclusions The prevalence of significant or more liver fibrosis was high in the Korean general population and much higher among individuals with risk factors. This suggests that screening of liver fibrosis should be considered in general population, especially among high-risk groups.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2044-6055 , 2044-6055
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046529
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2021
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