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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Effect of Mass Drug Administration with a Single Dose of Albendazole on Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura Infection among Schoolchildren in Yangon Region, Myanmar
    Korean Society for Parasitology ; 2020
    In:  The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol. 58, No. 2 ( 2020-04-30), p. 195-200
    Details
    In: The Korean Journal of Parasitology, Korean Society for Parasitology, Vol. 58, No. 2 ( 2020-04-30), p. 195-200
    Abstract: Soil-transmitted helminths, including 〈 i 〉 Ascaris lumbricoides 〈 /i 〉 and 〈 i 〉 Trichuris trichiura 〈 /i 〉 , are important intestinal parasites mostly affecting younger people in developing countries. In 2014-2015, we performed mass fecal examinations targeting a total of 2,227 schoolchildren in 3 districts (South Dagon, North Dagon, and Hlaing-thar-yar) of Yangon Region, Myanmar, using the Kato-Katz thick smear technique. The egg positive children were subjected to a mass drug administration (MDA) using a single oral dose of 400 mg albendazole. The pre-treatment egg positive rate (EPG/person) of 〈 i 〉 A. lumbricoides 〈 /i 〉 averaged 17.2% (15,532); it was 25.2% (21,796), 14.2% (11,816), and 12.8% (12,983) in 3 districts, respectively, and that of 〈 i 〉 T. trichiura 〈 /i 〉 averaged 19.4% (1,074), and was 24.1% (1,040), 12.3% (852), and 21.2% (1,330) in 3 districts, respectively. Follow-up fecal examinations performed 4 months post-MDA revealed considerable decreases of 〈 i 〉 A. lumbricoides 〈 /i 〉 prevalence (EPG/person) to av. 8.3% (12,429), and 13.7% (17,640), 8.0% (7,797), and 4.5% (11,849) in 3 districts, respectively. However, 〈 i 〉 T. trichiura 〈 /i 〉 did not show any recognizable decrease in the prevalence (EPG/person) remaining at av. 18.2% (862), and 18.5% (888), 11.5% (812), and 23.3% (887) in 3 districts, respectively. The results demonstrated difficulty in short-term control of 〈 i 〉 T. trichiura 〈 /i 〉 by MDA using albendazole and suggested necessity of either a long-term MDA ( 〉 10 years) or changing the albendazole regimen into 2~3-day course (total 800 or 1,200 mg), or using an alternative drug/drug combination.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0023-4001 , 1738-0006
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.2.195
    Language: English
    Publisher: Korean Society for Parasitology
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2163174-8
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  • 2
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    Ancient DNA of Metagonimus yokogawai Recovered from Joseon Period Human Remains Newly Discovered at Goryeong County in South Korea
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Acta Parasitologica Vol. 67, No. 1 ( 2022-03), p. 539-545
    Details
    In: Acta Parasitologica, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 67, No. 1 ( 2022-03), p. 539-545
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1230-2821 , 1896-1851
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s11686-021-00487-0
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2235366-5
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
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    Effectiveness of Mass Drug Administration on Neglected Tropical Diseases in Schoolchildren in Zanzibar, Tanzania
    Korean Society for Parasitology ; 2020
    In:  The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol. 58, No. 2 ( 2020-04-30), p. 109-119
    Details
    In: The Korean Journal of Parasitology, Korean Society for Parasitology, Vol. 58, No. 2 ( 2020-04-30), p. 109-119
    Abstract: Soil-transmitted helminths and 〈 i 〉 Schistosoma haematobium 〈 /i 〉 affect more than 3 billion people globally and mainly occur in sub-Saharan Africa. The present study assessed the overall infection status of a 1716-student cohort of school-children in Zanzibar and applied mass drug administration (MDA) to the cohort from 2007 to 2009. Schools in Pemba, Zanzibar, had a much higher prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infections than those in Unguja, and the Chaani, Ghana, and Machui schools of Unguja exhibited high 〈 i 〉 S. haematobium 〈 /i 〉 infection rates. The MDA program only partially controlled parasite infections, owing to high rates of re-infection. The infection rate of 〈 i 〉 S. haematobium 〈 /i 〉 across all 10 schools, for example, was only reduced by 1.8%, and even this change not significant, even though the 〈 i 〉 S. haematobium 〈 /i 〉 infection rates of the Chaani and Mzambarauni schools were significantly reduced from 64.4 and 23.4%, respectively, at the first screening, to 7.3 and 2.3% at the last screening. The overall infection rate of 〈 i 〉 Ascaris lumbricoides 〈 /i 〉 was reduced from 36.0% at the first screening to 22.6% at the last screening. However, the infection rates for both 〈 i 〉 Trichuris trichiura 〈 /i 〉 and hookworm were generally unaffected by MDA. In the future, parasite control programs should involve strategically designed MDA schedules and holistic intervention (e.g., sanitation improvement, hygiene behavior changes, and control of intermediated hosts).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0023-4001 , 1738-0006
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.2.109
    Language: English
    Publisher: Korean Society for Parasitology
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 4
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    Two Helminthic Cases of Human Mummy Remains from Joseon-Period Graves in Korea
    Korean Society for Parasitology ; 2021
    In:  The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol. 59, No. 2 ( 2021-04-22), p. 149-152
    Details
    In: The Korean Journal of Parasitology, Korean Society for Parasitology, Vol. 59, No. 2 ( 2021-04-22), p. 149-152
    Abstract: Our previous research on coprolite specimens from the mummies of Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910 CE) has revealed various species of parasite eggs. Herein, we added 2 new helminthic cases of human remains from Joseon-period graves in the Republic of Korea (Korea). The organic materials precipitated on the hip bones of 2 half-mummied cases (Goryeong and Gwangmyeong cases) were collected, rehydrated, and examined by a microscope. In the sample from Goryeong-gun (gun=County), ova of 〈 i 〉 Trichuris trichiura, Clonorchis sinensis 〈 /i 〉 , and 〈 i 〉 Metagonimus 〈 /i 〉 spp. were detected, and eggs of 〈 i 〉 T. trichiura 〈 /i 〉 and 〈 i 〉 A. lumbricoides 〈 /i 〉 were found from the sample of Gwangmyeong-si (si=City). By adding this outcome to the existing data pool, we confirm our previous estimates of Joseon-period parasite infection rates. The overall rates of 〈 i 〉 A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura 〈 /i 〉 , and 〈 i 〉 C. sinensis 〈 /i 〉 decreased dramatically from Joseon to the modern period. In Goryeong mummy specimen, we also found 〈 i 〉 Metagonimus 〈 /i 〉 spp. eggs that has rarely been detected in archaeological samples so far.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0023-4001 , 1738-0006
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2021.59.2.149
    Language: English
    Publisher: Korean Society for Parasitology
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 5
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    Molecular Detection and Subtyping of Human Blastocystis and the Clinical Implications: Comparisons between Diarrheal and Non-diarrheal Groups in Korean Populations
    Korean Society for Parasitology ; 2020
    In:  The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol. 58, No. 3 ( 2020-06-26), p. 321-326
    Details
    In: The Korean Journal of Parasitology, Korean Society for Parasitology, Vol. 58, No. 3 ( 2020-06-26), p. 321-326
    Abstract: Blastocystis has recently been recognized as the most common eukaryotic microbe of the human gut. We investigated the prevalence of Blastocystis and their subtypes in diarrheal and non-diarrheal groups and the associated clinical parameters. A total of 324 stool samples were obtained from 196 diarrheal and 128 non-diarrheal subjects. Blastocystis subtypes were determined by sequencing the small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rRNA) gene. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected and analyzed by diarrhea and Blastocystis status. The overall rate of Blastocystis positivity was 9.0% (29/324) but was significantly higher in the non-diarrheal group (18.0% vs. 3.1%, P 〈 0.0001). Of the 6 Blastocystis-positive diarrheal patients, 3 (50.0%), none (0.0%), 2 (33.3%), and 1 (16.7%) were infected with subtypes ST1, ST2, ST3, and multiple subtypes, respectively. Of the 23 Blastocystis-positive non-diarrheal patients, 4 (17.4%), 1 (4.3%), and 18 (78.3%) were infected with subtypes ST1, ST2, and ST3, respectively. Blastocystis was less common in the diarrheal than the non-diarrheal group (odds ratio, 0.144; 95% confidence interval, 0.057–0.365, P 〈 0.001). Of the 3 subtypes, ST3 was more frequently observed in the non-diarrheal than diarrheal group (78.3% vs. 33.3%, P=0.0341). Collectively, Blastocystis was found in both the diarrheal and non-diarrheal groups and ST3 was the most common subtype in Korea.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0023-4001 , 1738-0006
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.3.321
    Language: English
    Publisher: Korean Society for Parasitology
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 6
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    Echinostoma aegyptica (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) Infection in Five Riparian People in Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR
    Korean Society for Parasitology ; 2020
    In:  The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol. 58, No. 1 ( 2020-02-29), p. 67-72
    Details
    In: The Korean Journal of Parasitology, Korean Society for Parasitology, Vol. 58, No. 1 ( 2020-02-29), p. 67-72
    Abstract: Human infection with 〈 i 〉 Echinostoma aegyptica 〈 /i 〉 Khalil and Abaza, 1924 (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) is extremely rare. In this study, we confirmed 〈 i 〉 E. aegyptica 〈 /i 〉 infection in 5 riparian residents living along the Mekong River in Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR. The patients revealed eggs of 〈 i 〉 Opisthorchis viverrini 〈 /i 〉 /minute intestinal flukes, echinostomes, and other parasites in fecal examinations using the Kato-Katz technique. Following treatment with praziquantel 30-40 mg/kg and pyrantel pamoate 10-15 mg/kg in a single dose and purging with magnesium salts, adult specimens of various helminth species were collected. Among the trematodes, echinostome flukes of 4.5-7.6 mm in length (n = 134; av. 22.3 specimens per case) were of taxonomic interest and subjected in this study. The flukes were morphologically characterized by having total 43-45 collar spines arranged in 2 alternating rows (corner spines usually 5 on each side) and compatible with previous descriptions of 〈 i 〉 E. aegyptica 〈 /i 〉 . The patients were mixed-infected with other helminths, so specific clinical manifestations due to this echinostome fluke were difficult to determine. The present paper describes for the first time human 〈 i 〉 E. aegyptica 〈 /i 〉 infections in Lao PDR. This is the second report of human infection (2nd-6th cases) with 〈 i 〉 E. aegyptica 〈 /i 〉 in the world following the first one from China.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0023-4001 , 1738-0006
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.1.67
    Language: English
    Publisher: Korean Society for Parasitology
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 7
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    Infection Status of Gnathostoma spinigerum Larvae in Asian Swamp Eels, Monopterus albus, Purchased from Local Markets in Cambodia
    Korean Society for Parasitology ; 2020
    In:  The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol. 58, No. 6 ( 2020-12-29), p. 695-699
    Details
    In: The Korean Journal of Parasitology, Korean Society for Parasitology, Vol. 58, No. 6 ( 2020-12-29), p. 695-699
    Abstract: Present study was performed to know the infection status of 〈 i 〉 Gnathostoma 〈 /i 〉 sp. larvae in swamp eels from Cambodia. We purchased total 30 Asian swamp eels, 〈 i 〉 Monopterus albus 〈 /i 〉 , from local markets in Pursat and Takeo Provinces and Phnom Penh on May and November 2017 and May 2018. All collected eels were transferred to our laboratory with ice and each of them was examined by artificial digestion method. A total of 15 larval gnathostomes (1-5 larvae) were detected from 55.6% (5/9) swamp eels in Pursat Province. No larval gnathostomes were found in 21 swamp eels in Takeo Province and Phnom Penh. The advanced third-stage larvae (AdL 〈 sub 〉 3 〈 /sub 〉 ) detected were 2.575-3.825 (3.250) mm in length and 0.375-0.425 (0.386) mm in width. They had the characteristic head bulb (av. 0.104×0.218 mm) with 4 rows of hooklets, long muscular esophagus (1.048 mm), and 2 pairs of cervical sacs (0.615 mm). The number of hooklets in 4 rows on the head bulb was 41, 44, 47, and 50. In scanning electron microscopy, characteristic features were 4 rows of hooklets on the head bulb, cervical papillae, tegumental spines regularly arranged in transverse striations, and anus. The larval gnathostomes were identified as AdL 〈 sub 〉 3 〈 /sub 〉 of 〈 i 〉 Gnathostoma spinigerum 〈 /i 〉 based on the morphological characters. By the present study, it has been confirmed that 〈 i 〉 G. spinigerum 〈 /i 〉 larvae are infected in Asian swamp eels, 〈 i 〉 M. albus 〈 /i 〉 , in Pursat Province, Cambodia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0023-4001 , 1738-0006
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.6.695
    Language: English
    Publisher: Korean Society for Parasitology
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 8
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    Ancient Echinostome Eggs Discovered in Archaeological Strata Specimens from a Baekje Capital Ruins of South Korea
    American Society of Parasitologists ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Parasitology Vol. 106, No. 1 ( 2020-2-25), p. 184-
    Details
    In: Journal of Parasitology, American Society of Parasitologists, Vol. 106, No. 1 ( 2020-2-25), p. 184-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-3395
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1645/19-55
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Society of Parasitologists
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2133204-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
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    Larval Gnathostomes and Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from a Local Market in Yangon City, Myanmar
    Korean Society for Parasitology ; 2020
    In:  The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol. 58, No. 6 ( 2020-12-29), p. 701-707
    Details
    In: The Korean Journal of Parasitology, Korean Society for Parasitology, Vol. 58, No. 6 ( 2020-12-29), p. 701-707
    Abstract: A survey was performed to investigate the infection status of zoonotic helminth larvae in fish from a local market of North Dagon District in Yangon City, Myanmar. A total of 486 fish in 13 species were collected 8 times from December 2015 to December 2019. All fish were transported under ice to a laboratory in Korea and examined for helminth larvae using artificial digestion method. Larval gnathostomes and metacercariae of more than 8 zoonotic trematode species, i.e., 〈 i 〉 Opisthorchis viverrini, Haplorchis taichui, H. pumilio, H. yokogawai, Centrocestus 〈 /i 〉 spp., 〈 i 〉 Stellantchasmus falcatus, Pygidiopsis cambodiensis 〈 /i 〉 , and 〈 i 〉 Procerovum 〈 /i 〉 sp., were detected. Larval gnathostomes were found in 58 (16.0%) out of 362 fish of 6 species, with mean intensity of 2.8 per fish infected. Metacercariae of 〈 i 〉 O. viverrini 〈 /i 〉 were detected in 10 (2.9%) out of 349 fish of 5 species, with mean intensity of 16.9 per fish infected. Metacercarial prevalences of 4 intestinal flukes, 〈 i 〉 H. taichui, H. pumilio, H. yokogawai, 〈 /i 〉 and 〈 i 〉 Centrocestus 〈 /i 〉 spp., were 16.8%, 26.0%, 12.5%, and 15.0% in the positive fish species, respectively, and mean metacercarial intensity was 63.3, 26.8, 86.2, and 8.7 per fish infected. Metacercariae of 〈 i 〉 S. falcatus 〈 /i 〉 and 〈 i 〉 P. cambodiensis 〈 /i 〉 were detected only from the mullet, 〈 i 〉 Chelon macrolepis 〈 /i 〉 . Metacercariae of 〈 i 〉 Procerovum 〈 /i 〉 sp. were found in 〈 i 〉 Channa striata 〈 /i 〉 and 〈 i 〉 Anabas testudineus 〈 /i 〉 . Collectively, it was confirmed that the fish were infected with gnathostome larvae and metacercariae of 〈 i 〉 O. viverrini 〈 /i 〉 and intestinal flukes in Yangon City, Myanmar.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0023-4001 , 1738-0006
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.6.701
    Language: English
    Publisher: Korean Society for Parasitology
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 10
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    Helminth Eggs Detected in Soil Samples of a Possible Toilet Structure Found at the Capital Area of Ancient Baekje Kingdom of Korea
    Korean Society for Parasitology ; 2021
    In:  The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol. 59, No. 4 ( 2021-08-18), p. 393-397
    Details
    In: The Korean Journal of Parasitology, Korean Society for Parasitology, Vol. 59, No. 4 ( 2021-08-18), p. 393-397
    Abstract: Although research conducted in East Asia has uncovered parasite eggs from ancient toilets or cesspits, data accumulated to date needs to be supplemented by more archaeoparasitological studies. We examined a total of 21 soil samples from a toilet-like structure at the Hwajisan site, a Baekje-period royal villa, in present-day Korea. At least 4 species of helminth eggs, i.e., Trichuris trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides, Clonorchis sinensis, and Trichuris sp. (or Trichuris vulpis) were detected in 3 sediment samples of the structure that was likely a toilet used by Baekje nobles. The eggs of T. trichiura were found in all 3 samples (no. 1, 4, and 5); and A. lumbricoides eggs were detected in 2 samples (no. 4 and 5). C. sinensis and T. vulpis-like eggs were found in no. 5 sample. From the findings of this study, we can suppose that the soil-transmitted helminths were prevalent in ancient Korean people, including the nobles of Baekje Kingdom during the 5th to 7th century.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0023-4001 , 1738-0006
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2021.59.4.393
    Language: English
    Publisher: Korean Society for Parasitology
    Publication Date: 2021
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