GLORIA

GEOMAR Library Ocean Research Information Access

X

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Temporal synchrony discrimination is abnormal in dichoptic but not monocular visual processing in treated anisometropic amblyopes
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics Vol. 43, No. 2 ( 2023-03), p. 263-272
    Details
    In: Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, Wiley, Vol. 43, No. 2 ( 2023-03), p. 263-272
    Abstract: To evaluate whether temporal synchrony processing deficits remain when normal visual acuity is restored in adults with unilateral anisometropic amblyopia. Methods We recruited 14 clinically treated anisometropic amblyopes (mean age 23.17 ± 2.53 years) with best‐corrected visual acuity ≤ 0.1 logMAR and 15 age‐matched emmetropes (mean age 24.40 ± 1.92 years) with normal vision to participate in our experiment. We presented two pairs of flicking Gaussian dots (1 Hz) as visual stimuli: one pair of dots was synchronous (reference), and the other pair of dots was asynchronous (signal). Subjects were asked to determine the position of the asynchronous pair. We applied the constant stimuli method to measure the temporal synchrony threshold under monocular and dichoptic viewing conditions. There were eight temporal phase lags in the asynchronous pair. The minimum degree of the temporal phase at which a participant can discriminate a signal pair is defined as the temporal synchrony threshold. Results Under monocular viewing conditions where both the reference and signal pairs were presented to one eye, the temporal synchrony thresholds of previous amblyopic eyes and fellow eyes were not significantly different ( p  = 0.15). Under dichoptic viewing conditions where both the reference and signal pairs were dichoptically presented to both eyes, the temporal synchrony threshold in the treated anisometropic amblyopes was significantly higher than that of the controls (119.34 ± 20.43 vs. 99.78 ± 16.60 ms, p  = 0.009). There was no significant correlation between the monocular and dichoptic viewing conditions in the treated amblyopes ( r  = −0.22, p  = 0.94). Conclusions Temporal synchrony discrimination is abnormal under dichoptic but not under monocular visual stimulation in treated anisometropic amblyopes with normalised visual acuity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0275-5408 , 1475-1313
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/opo.v43.2
    DOI: 10.1111/opo.13090
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008422-5
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Maximizing the Impact of Science Outreach Training
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin Vol. 30, No. 3 ( 2021-08), p. 85-91
    Details
    In: Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin, Wiley, Vol. 30, No. 3 ( 2021-08), p. 85-91
    Abstract: The global recognition of the importance of science communication has led to a recent emphasis on outreach and broad dissemination of information as a core component of a scientist's role. Increasingly, training for academics is seen as a necessity for successful outreach activities, yet it has associated costs which may deter some from participating. We are, therefore, interested in considering benefits and costs of outreach training. Key benefits include development of widely applicable skills, broadening of community, and professional recognition for participation. Key costs are the time invested in preparing, participating in, and following‐up after training. We identify five key behaviors that can increase the effectiveness of outreach training, specifically: (1) communicate effectively (i.e., engage); (2) have the capacity to participate in the training (i.e., make time); (3) keep detailed accounts of participation in such activities (i.e., record attendance); (4) implement lessons and strategies immediately following training (i.e., practice); and (5) adapt approaches to the specific context (including when a global pandemic causes a shift from in‐person to virtual settings; i.e., modify approach). We propose that when training is approached with a clear plan to integrate these key behaviors there will be effective and impactful professional development in outreach.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1539-607X , 1539-6088
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/lob.v30.3
    DOI: 10.1002/lob.10463
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2241831-3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dielectric Elastomer Architectures with Strain‐Tunable Permittivity
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Advanced Materials Technologies Vol. 7, No. 11 ( 2022-11)
    Details
    In: Advanced Materials Technologies, Wiley, Vol. 7, No. 11 ( 2022-11)
    Abstract: Flexible hybrid electronic (FHE) materials and devices exploit the interaction of mechanical and electromagnetic properties to operate in new form factors and loading environments, which are key for advancing wearable sensors, flexible antennas, and soft robotic skin technologies. Dielectric elastomer (DE) architectures offer a novel substrate material for this application space as they are a class of strain‐tolerant and programmable metamaterials that derive their mechanical and dielectric properties from their architecture. Due to their hyperelasticity, dielectric elastomers can leverage reversible finite deformation to physically reconfigure their internal architecture to repeatedly tune their material behavior. Here a combined computational and experimental study of two dielectric elastomer architectures, based on square and hexagonal unit cell periodicities are presented. A shift in effective permittivity is observed due to the relative increase in matrix volume and the rearrangement of the electric field distribution in the cells. Additive fabrication allows rapid unit cell geometry customization for tuning the electromechanical response of the architectures. Effective permittivity shifts Δ ε 2   〉 0.7 under compressive strains of 35% are observed. The practical utility of this strain‐tunable permittivity is demonstrated in a microstrip patch antenna, which exhibits shifts in resonance frequency greater than 110 MHz when the dielectric elastomer substrate is compressed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2365-709X , 2365-709X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/admt.v7.11
    DOI: 10.1002/admt.202200296
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2850995-X
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genetic Burden Contributing to Extremely Low or High Bone Mineral Density in a Senior Male Population From the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study (MrOS)
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  JBMR Plus Vol. 4, No. 3 ( 2020-03)
    Details
    In: JBMR Plus, Wiley, Vol. 4, No. 3 ( 2020-03)
    Abstract: Worldwide, one in five men aged over 50 years will experience osteoporosis or a clinical bone fracture, with a greater fracture‐related mortality rate than women. However, the genetic etiology of osteoporosis in men is still poorly understood. We aimed to identify the genetic variants and candidate genes associated with extremely low or high BMD for a better understanding of the biology underlying low bone density that may point to potential therapeutic targets for increasing bone mass. Subjects from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study (MrOS) cohort were evaluated by age and BMI‐adjusted total hip BMD. Those with BMD values 3 SDs away from the mean were selected and the remaining individuals whose adjusted BMD ranked at the highest or lowest 100 were included. Men with the lowest adjusted BMD ( N = 98) and highest adjusted BMD ( N = 110) were chosen for exome sequencing. Controls ( N = 82) were men of Northern and Western European descent from the US Utah population of the 1000 Genomes Project. Fisher's exact test was performed to compare low‐ or high‐BMD subjects with controls for single‐gene associations. Additionally, sets of candidate genes causative of heritable disorders of connective tissue, including osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome (EDS), were grouped for multigene and mutation burden analyses. No single‐gene associations with rare variants were found for either the low BMD group (33 genes) or high BMD group (18 genes). In the group of OI genes, we detected a significant threefold increased accumulation of rare variants in low‐BMD subjects compared with controls ( p = 0.009). Additionally, genes associated with EDS had a twofold increased frequency in low‐BMD subjects compared with controls ( p = 0.03). These findings reveal a rare variant burden in OI and EDS disease genes at low BMD, which suggests a potential gene‐panel approach to screen for multivariant associations in larger cohorts. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2473-4039 , 2473-4039
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.v4.3
    DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10335
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2905710-3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Quality Performance of Rural and Urban Home Health Agencies: Implications for Rural Add‐On Payment Policies
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  The Journal of Rural Health Vol. 36, No. 3 ( 2020-06), p. 423-432
    Details
    In: The Journal of Rural Health, Wiley, Vol. 36, No. 3 ( 2020-06), p. 423-432
    Abstract: To examine the differences in quality performance among agencies in urban areas and those in high utilization, low population density, and all other rural areas, defined in the Bipartisan Budget Act (BBA). Methods We conducted a retrospective study using 2015 data: the Home Health Compare, the Home Health Agency Utilization and Payment Use, the Provider of Services, and the Area Health Resources Files, and a file with rural categories in BBA. The quality measures included (1) hospitalizations, (2) emergency visits, (3) patient experience, (4) composite scores for improvement in activities of daily living (ADL), (5) improvement in pain and treating symptoms, (6) preventing harm, and (7) treating wounds and preventing pressure sores. We applied weighted least squares regression. Findings Among all quality measures, differences in emergency visits of the 3 rural categories from urban agencies were the largest. The adjusted mean emergency visit for urban agencies was 12.42%, with agencies in rural areas having 1.01‐1.96 percentage points higher rates than urban agencies (95% CI: 0.72‐1.29 for high utilization areas, 95% CI: 0.51‐3.42 for low population areas, and 95% CI: 1.28‐1.78 for all other areas). Conclusions The differences in the quality of care among agencies in 3 categories of rural areas were small, except for emergency visits. Given policies to reduce rural add‐on payments for home health services, continued monitoring of the services provided and the quality of care by home health agencies in rural areas is recommended.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0890-765X , 1748-0361
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jrh.v36.3
    DOI: 10.1111/jrh.12415
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2159889-7
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Metaplasticity: Dark exposure boosts local excitability and visual plasticity in adult human cortex
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  The Journal of Physiology Vol. 601, No. 18 ( 2023-09), p. 4105-4120
    Details
    In: The Journal of Physiology, Wiley, Vol. 601, No. 18 ( 2023-09), p. 4105-4120
    Abstract: An interlude of dark exposure for about 1 week is known to shift excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance of the mammalian visual cortex, promoting plasticity and accelerating visual recovery in animals that have experienced cortical lesions during development. However, the translational impact of our understanding of dark exposure from animal studies to humans remains elusive. Here, we used magnetic resonance spectroscopy as a probe for E/I balance in the primary visual cortex (V1) to determine the effect of 60 min of dark exposure, and measured binocular combination as a behavioural assay to assess visual plasticity in 14 normally sighted human adults. To induce neuroplastic changes in the observers, we introduced 60 min of monocular deprivation, which is known to temporarily shift sensory eye balance in favour of the previously deprived eye. We report that prior dark exposure for 60 min strengthens local excitability in V1 and boosts visual plasticity in normal adults. However, we show that it does not promote plasticity in amblyopic adults. Nevertheless, our findings are surprising, given the fact that the interlude is very brief. Interestingly, we find that the increased concentration of the excitatory neurotransmitter is not strongly correlated with the enhanced functional plasticity. Instead, the absolute degree of change in its concentration is related to the boost, suggesting that the dichotomy of cortical excitation and inhibition might not explain the physiological basis of plasticity in humans. We present the first evidence that an environmental manipulation that shifts cortical E/I balance can also act as a metaplastic facilitator for visual plasticity in humans. image Key points A brief interlude (60 min) of dark exposure increased the local concentration of glutamine/glutamate but not that of GABA in the visual cortex of adult humans. After dark exposure, the degree of the shift in sensory eye dominance in favour of the previously deprived eye from short‐term monocular deprivation was larger than that from only monocular deprivation. The neurochemical and behavioural measures were associated: the magnitude of the shift in the concentration of glutamine/glutamate was correlated with the boost in perceptual plasticity after dark exposure. Surprisingly, the increase in the concentration of glutamine/glutamate was not correlated with the perceptual boost after dark exposure, suggesting that the physiological mechanism of how E/I balance regulates plasticity is not deterministic. In other words, an increased excitation did not unilaterally promote plasticity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-3751 , 1469-7793
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1113/tjp.v601.18
    DOI: 10.1113/JP284040
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475290-6
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    BED domain‐containing NLR from wild barley confers resistance to leaf rust
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Plant Biotechnology Journal Vol. 19, No. 6 ( 2021-06), p. 1206-1215
    Details
    In: Plant Biotechnology Journal, Wiley, Vol. 19, No. 6 ( 2021-06), p. 1206-1215
    Abstract: Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia hordei, is a devastating fungal disease affecting barley ( Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare ) production globally. Despite the effectiveness of genetic resistance, the deployment of single genes often compromises durability due to the emergence of virulent P. hordei races, prompting the search for new sources of resistance. Here we report on the cloning of Rph15 , a resistance gene derived from barley’s wild progenitor H. vulgare subsp. spontaneum . We demonstrate using introgression mapping, mutation and complementation that the Rph15 gene from the near‐isogenic line (NIL) Bowman +  Rph15 (referred to as BW719) encodes a coiled‐coil nucleotide‐binding leucine‐rich repeat (NLR) protein with an integrated Zinc finger BED (ZF‐BED) domain. A predicted KASP marker was developed and validated across a collection of Australian cultivars and a series of introgression lines in the Bowman background known to carry the Rph15 resistance. Rph16 from HS‐680, another wild barley derived leaf rust resistance gene, was previously mapped to the same genomic region on chromosome 2H and was assumed to be allelic with Rph15 based on genetic studies. Both sequence analysis, race specificity and the identification of a knockout mutant in the HS‐680 background suggest that Rph15‐ and Rph16 ‐mediated resistances are in fact the same and not allelic as previously thought. The cloning of Rph15 now permits efficient gene deployment and the production of resistance gene cassettes for sustained leaf rust control.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1467-7644 , 1467-7652
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/pbi.v19.6
    DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13542
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2136367-5
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Recommendations for asthma monitoring in children: A PeARL document endorsed by APAPARI, EAACI, INTERASMA, REG, and WAO
    Wiley ; 2024
    In:  Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Vol. 35, No. 4 ( 2024-04)
    Details
    In: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Wiley, Vol. 35, No. 4 ( 2024-04)
    Abstract: Monitoring is a major component of asthma management in children. Regular monitoring allows for diagnosis confirmation, treatment optimization, and natural history review. Numerous factors that may affect disease activity and patient well‐being need to be monitored: response and adherence to treatment, disease control, disease progression, comorbidities, quality of life, medication side‐effects, allergen and irritant exposures, diet and more. However, the prioritization of such factors and the selection of relevant assessment tools is an unmet need. Furthermore, rapidly developing technologies promise new opportunities for closer, or even “real‐time,” monitoring between visits. Following an approach that included needs assessment, evidence appraisal, and Delphi consensus, the PeARL Think Tank, in collaboration with major international professional and patient organizations, has developed a set of 24 recommendations on pediatric asthma monitoring, to support healthcare professionals in decision‐making and care pathway design. image
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0905-6157 , 1399-3038
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/pai.v35.4
    DOI: 10.1111/pai.14129
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008584-9
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Global Change Biology Vol. 26, No. 1 ( 2020-01), p. 119-188
    Details
    In: Global Change Biology, Wiley, Vol. 26, No. 1 ( 2020-01), p. 119-188
    Abstract: Plant traits—the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants—determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait‐based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits—almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait–environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1354-1013 , 1365-2486
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.v26.1
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14904
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020313-5
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Shared genetic risk between eating disorder‐ and substance‐use‐related phenotypes: Evidence from genome‐wide association studies
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Addiction Biology Vol. 26, No. 1 ( 2021-01)
    Details
    In: Addiction Biology, Wiley, Vol. 26, No. 1 ( 2021-01)
    Abstract: Eating disorders and substance use disorders frequently co‐occur. Twin studies reveal shared genetic variance between liabilities to eating disorders and substance use, with the strongest associations between symptoms of bulimia nervosa and problem alcohol use (genetic correlation [ r g ], twin‐based = 0.23‐0.53). We estimated the genetic correlation between eating disorder and substance use and disorder phenotypes using data from genome‐wide association studies (GWAS). Four eating disorder phenotypes (anorexia nervosa [AN] , AN with binge eating, AN without binge eating, and a bulimia nervosa factor score), and eight substance‐use‐related phenotypes (drinks per week, alcohol use disorder [AUD], smoking initiation, current smoking, cigarettes per day, nicotine dependence, cannabis initiation, and cannabis use disorder) from eight studies were included. Significant genetic correlations were adjusted for variants associated with major depressive disorder and schizophrenia. Total study sample sizes per phenotype ranged from ~2400 to ~537 000 individuals. We used linkage disequilibrium score regression to calculate single nucleotide polymorphism‐based genetic correlations between eating disorder‐ and substance‐use‐related phenotypes. Significant positive genetic associations emerged between AUD and AN ( r g = 0.18; false discovery rate q = 0.0006), cannabis initiation and AN ( r g = 0.23; q 〈 0.0001), and cannabis initiation and AN with binge eating ( r g = 0.27; q = 0.0016). Conversely, significant negative genetic correlations were observed between three nondiagnostic smoking phenotypes (smoking initiation, current smoking, and cigarettes per day) and AN without binge eating ( r gs = −0.19 to −0.23; qs 〈 0.04). The genetic correlation between AUD and AN was no longer significant after co‐varying for major depressive disorder loci. The patterns of association between eating disorder‐ and substance‐use‐related phenotypes highlights the potentially complex and substance‐specific relationships among these behaviors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1355-6215 , 1369-1600
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/adb.v26.1
    DOI: 10.1111/adb.12880
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495537-4
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...