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  • Springer Science and Business Media LLC  (4)
  • 2020-2024  (4)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Betulinic acid shows anticancer activity against equine melanoma cells and permeates isolated equine skin in vitro
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  BMC Veterinary Research Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2020-12)
    Details
    In: BMC Veterinary Research, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2020-12)
    Abstract: Equine malignant melanoma (EMM) is a frequently occurring dermoepidermal tumor in grey horses. Currently available therapies are either challenging or inefficient. Betulinic acid (BA), a naturally occurring triterpenoid, is a promising compound for cancer treatment. To evaluate the potential of BA as a topical therapy for EMM, its anticancer effects on primary equine melanoma cells and dermal fibroblasts and its percutaneous permeation through isolated equine skin were assessed in vitro. Results BA showed antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects on both primary equine melanoma cells and fibroblasts in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The lowest half-maximal inhibitory concentrations were obtained 96 h after the beginning of drug exposure (12.7 μmol/L and 23.6 μmol/L for melanoma cells eRGO1 and MelDuWi, respectively, in cytotoxicity assay). High concentrations of the compound were reached in the required skin layers in vitro. Conclusion BA is a promising substance for topical EMM treatment. Further clinical studies in horses are necessary to assess safety and antitumoral effects in vivo .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1746-6148
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-2262-5
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2191675-5
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Metabolic profile distinguishes laminitis-susceptible and -resistant ponies before and after feeding a high sugar diet
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  BMC Veterinary Research Vol. 17, No. 1 ( 2021-12)
    Details
    In: BMC Veterinary Research, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 17, No. 1 ( 2021-12)
    Abstract: Insulin dysregulation (ID) is a key risk factor for equine endocrinopathic laminitis, but in many cases ID can only be assessed accurately using dynamic tests. The identification of other biomarkers could provide an alternative or adjunct diagnostic method, to allow early intervention before laminitis develops. The present study characterised the metabolome of ponies with varying degrees of ID using basal and postprandial plasma samples obtained during a previous study, which examined the predictive power of blood insulin levels for the development of laminitis, in ponies fed a high-sugar diet. Samples from 10 pre-laminitic (PL – subsequently developed laminitis) and 10 non-laminitic (NL – did not develop laminitis) ponies were used in a targeted metabolomic assay. Differential concentration and pathway analysis were performed using linear models and global tests. Results Significant changes in the concentration of six glycerophospholipids (adj. P  ≤ 0.024) and a global enrichment of the glucose-alanine cycle (adj. P  = 0.048) were found to characterise the response of PL ponies to the high-sugar diet. In contrast, the metabolites showed no significant association with the presence or absence of pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction in all ponies. Conclusions The present results suggest that ID and laminitis risk are associated with alterations in the glycerophospholipid and glucose metabolism, which may help understand and explain some molecular processes causing or resulting from these conditions. The prognostic value of the identified biomarkers for laminitis remains to be investigated in further metabolomic trials in horses and ponies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1746-6148
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02763-7
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2191675-5
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Experimental cross-species infection of donkeys with equine hepacivirus and analysis of host immune signatures
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  One Health Outlook Vol. 4, No. 1 ( 2022-12)
    Details
    In: One Health Outlook, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 4, No. 1 ( 2022-12)
    Abstract: The Equine Hepacivirus (EqHV) is an equine-specific and liver-tropic virus belonging to the diverse genus of Hepaciviruses. It was recently found in a large donkey ( Equus asinus ) cohort with a similar seroprevalence (30%), but lower rate of RNA-positive animals (0.3%) compared to horses. These rare infection events indicate either a lack of adaptation to the new host or a predominantly acute course of infection. Methods In order to analyze the susceptibility and the course of EqHV infection in donkeys, we inoculated two adult female donkeys and one control horse intravenously with purified EqHV from a naturally infected horse. Liver biopsies were taken before and after inoculation to study changes in the transcriptome. Results Infection kinetics were similar between the equids. All animals were EqHV PCR-positive from day three. EqHV RNA-levels declined when the animals seroconverted and both donkeys cleared the virus from the blood by week 12. Infection did not have an impact on the clinical findings and no significant histopathological differences were seen. Blood biochemistry revealed a mild increase in GLDH at the time of seroconversion in horses, which was less pronounced in donkeys. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a distinct set of differentially expressed genes, including viral host factors and immune genes. Conclusion To summarize, our findings indicate that donkeys are a natural host of EqHV, due to the almost identical infection kinetics. The different immune responses do however suggest different mechanisms in reacting to hepaciviral infections.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2524-4655
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s42522-022-00065-y
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3015609-9
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Weight loss is linearly associated with a reduction of the insulin response to an oral glucose test in Icelandic horses
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  BMC Veterinary Research Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2020-12)
    Details
    In: BMC Veterinary Research, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2020-12)
    Abstract: Insulin dysregulation (ID) goes along with lasting or transient hyperinsulinemia able to trigger equine laminitis, a painful and crippling foot condition. Promoting weight loss through dietary changes and physical activity is currently the main option to prevent this disease. This study aimed at describing the relationship between weight variations and the level of ID as determined by oral glucose tests (OGT). Therefore, the insulin response of 19 Icelandic horses to repeated OGTs was retrospectively analysed considering the variations in their body weight. Results There was a strong linear relationship between variations in body weight and variations in the total insulin response to OGT as approximated by the area under the curve of insulin ( p   〈  0.001). As indicated by a weighted least squares model, the insulin response decreased by 22% for 5% weight loss on average. However some horses did not respond to weight loss with a reduction of their insulin response to OGT. Additionally, a high correlation between 120 min serum insulin concentration and total insulin response was observed ( r  = 0.96, p   〈  0.001). Conclusions The results corroborate that weight loss is effective against ID and allow for a better quantification of the expected improvement of the insulin response after weight loss. However, it is unclear why some horses did not respond as expected. The high correlation between the 120 min insulin concentration and total insulin response suggests that insulin status can be accurately determined and monitored with only few samples in a practical setting.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1746-6148
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02356-w
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2191675-5
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