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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Association of Surge Conditions with Mortality Among Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Intensive Care Medicine Vol. 37, No. 4 ( 2022-04), p. 500-509
    Details
    In: Journal of Intensive Care Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 37, No. 4 ( 2022-04), p. 500-509
    Abstract: To determine whether surge conditions were associated with increased mortality. Design Multicenter cohort study. Setting U.S. ICUs participating in STOP-COVID. Patients Consecutive adults with COVID-19 admitted to participating ICUs between March 4 and July 1, 2020. Interventions None Measurements and Main Results The main outcome was 28-day in-hospital mortality. To assess the association between admission to an ICU during a surge period and mortality, we used two different strategies: (1) an inverse probability weighted difference-in-differences model limited to appropriately matched surge and non-surge patients and (2) a meta-regression of 50 multivariable difference-in-differences models (each based on sets of randomly matched surge- and non-surge hospitals). In the first analysis, we considered a single surge period for the cohort (March 23 – May 6). In the second, each surge hospital had its own surge period (which was compared to the same time periods in matched non-surge hospitals). Our cohort consisted of 4342 ICU patients (average age 60.8 [sd 14.8], 63.5% men) in 53 U.S. hospitals. Of these, 13 hospitals encountered surge conditions. In analysis 1, the increase in mortality seen during surge was not statistically significant (odds ratio [95% CI] : 1.30 [0.47-3.58], p = .6). In analysis 2, surge was associated with an increased odds of death (odds ratio 1.39 [95% CI, 1.34-1.43] , p  〈  .001). Conclusions Admission to an ICU with COVID-19 in a hospital that is experiencing surge conditions may be associated with an increased odds of death. Given the high incidence of COVID-19, such increases would translate into substantial excess mortality.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0885-0666 , 1525-1489
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/08850666211067509
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2001472-7
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  • 2
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    Does Smoking Status Influence Health-Related Quality of Life Outcome Measures in Patients Undergoing ACDF?
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  Global Spine Journal Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2021-01), p. 50-56
    Details
    In: Global Spine Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2021-01), p. 50-56
    Abstract: Retrospective comparative study. Objective: Whereas smoking has been shown to affect the fusion rates for patients undergoing an anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), the relationship between smoking and health-related quality of life outcome measurements after an ACDF is less clear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether smoking negatively affects patient outcomes after an ACDF for cervical degenerative pathology. Methods: Patients with tumor, trauma, infection, and previous cervical spine surgery and those with less than a year of follow-up were excluded. Smoking status was assessed by self-reported smoking history. Patient outcomes, including Neck Disability Index, Short Form 12 Mental Component Score, Short Form 12 Physical Component Score (PCS-12), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) arm pain, VAS neck pain, and pseudarthrosis rates were evaluated. Outcomes were compared between smoking groups using multiple linear and logistic regression, controlling for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI), among other factors. A P value 〈 .05 was considered significant. Results: A total of 264 patients were included, with a mean follow-up of 19.8 months, age of 53.1 years, and BMI of 29.6 kg/m2. There were 43 current, 69 former, and 152 nonsmokers in the cohort. At baseline, nonsmokers had higher PCS-12 scores than current smokers ( P = .010), lower VAS neck pain than current ( P = .035) and former ( P = .014) smokers, as well as lower VAS arm pain than former smokers ( P = .006). Postoperatively, nonsmokers had higher PCS-12 scores than both current ( P = .030) and former smokers ( P = .035). Smoking status was not a significant predictor of change in patient outcome in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Whereas nonsmokers had higher function and lower pain than former or current smokers preoperatively, smoking status overall was not found to be an independent predictor of outcome scores after ACDF. This supports the notion that smoking status alone should not deter patients from undergoing ACDF for cervical degenerative pathology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2192-5682 , 2192-5690
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/2192568219890292
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2648287-3
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  • 3
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    Highlights From the Annual Meeting of the American Epilepsy Society 2022
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Epilepsy Currents
    Details
    In: Epilepsy Currents, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: With more than 6000 attendees between in-person and virtual offerings, the American Epilepsy Society Meeting 2022 in Nashville, felt as busy as in prepandemic times. An ever-growing number of physicians, scientists, and allied health professionals gathered to learn a variety of topics about epilepsy. The program was carefully tailored to meet the needs of professionals with different interests and career stages. This article summarizes the different symposia presented at the meeting. Basic science lectures addressed the primary elements of seizure generation and pathophysiology of epilepsy in different disease states. Scientists congregated to learn about anti-seizure medications, mechanisms of action, and new tools to treat epilepsy including surgery and neurostimulation. Some symposia were also dedicated to discuss epilepsy comorbidities and practical issues regarding epilepsy care. An increasing number of patient advocates discussing their stories were intertwined within scientific activities. Many smaller group sessions targeted more specific topics to encourage member participation, including Special Interest Groups, Investigator, and Skills Workshops. Special lectures included the renown Hoyer and Lombroso, an ILAE/IBE joint session, a spotlight on the impact of Dobbs v. Jackson on reproductive health in epilepsy, and a joint session with the NAEC on coding and reimbursement policies. The hot topics symposium was focused on traumatic brain injury and post-traumatic epilepsy. A balanced collaboration with the industry allowed presentations of the latest pharmaceutical and engineering advances in satellite symposia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1535-7597 , 1535-7511
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/15357597231187227
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2135352-9
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  • 4
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    Prevalence and Clinical Manifestations of the Anconeus Epitrochlearis and Cubital Tunnel Syndrome
    SAGE Publications ; 2020
    In:  HAND Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2020-01), p. 69-74
    Details
    In: HAND, SAGE Publications, Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2020-01), p. 69-74
    Abstract: Background: The true prevalence of the anconeus epitrochlearis (AE) and the natural history of cubital tunnel syndrome associated with this anomalous muscle are unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of AE and to characterize the preoperative and postoperative features of cubital tunnel syndrome caused by compression from an AE. Methods: All elbow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and all patients undergoing cubital tunnel surgery during a 20-year period were identified and retrospectively reviewed for the presence of an AE. All patients with an AE identified intra-operatively were matched to patients with no AE identified at surgery based on age, sex, concomitant procedures, and year of surgery. Preoperative and postoperative physical exam findings, electrodiagnostic study results, time to improvement, and reoperations were compared between the groups. Results: A total of 199 patients had an elbow MRI, and 27 (13.6%) patients were noted to have an AE present. Average time to improvement after surgical release was 23.0 days for patients with an AE and 33.2 days for patients with no AE. Twenty-seven patients with an AE noted improvement at the first postoperative visit (68%) compared to 15 patients without an AE (33%). No patients with an AE underwent reoperation for recurrent symptoms (0%) compared with four patients (10%) without an AE. Conclusions: The prevalence of AE in our study is 13.6%. These patients experience quicker and more reliable symptom improvement after surgical release than those without the anomalous muscle.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1558-9447 , 1558-9455
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1558944718789412
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2316440-2
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  • 5
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    Party Polarization and Trust in Science: What about Democrats?
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World Vol. 7 ( 2021-01), p. 237802312110101-
    Details
    In: Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World, SAGE Publications, Vol. 7 ( 2021-01), p. 237802312110101-
    Abstract: Research has documented the decline of trust in science among Republicans, ideological conservatives, and fundamentalist religious groups. However, less is known about the nature of party polarization in these trends: did polarization only increase because of changes among Republicans? In this study, the author tests a two-sided polarization thesis using data from the General Social Survey (1974–2018). The findings show that a significant share of the growth in party polarization is due to an increase of trust in science among Democrats. In fact, by the 2010s, Democrats became significantly more likely than either Republicans or independents to have high confidence in science. Moreover, the results also show that the aggregate party-level changes are driven largely by trends among conservative Republicans, moderate Democrats, and liberal Democrats. Together, these findings have implications for our understanding of the nature and potential causes of partisan polarization in beliefs about the cultural authority of science.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2378-0231 , 2378-0231
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/23780231211010101
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2844637-9
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  • 6
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    Outcomes of open and endovascular interventions in patients with chronic limb threatening ischemia
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  Vascular Vol. 29, No. 5 ( 2021-10), p. 693-703
    Details
    In: Vascular, SAGE Publications, Vol. 29, No. 5 ( 2021-10), p. 693-703
    Abstract: Widespread adoption of endovascular therapy for the treatment of chronic limb-threatening ischemia has transformed the field of vascular surgery. In this modern era, we aimed to define where open surgical interventions are of greatest benefit for limb salvage. Methods Patients who underwent interventions for chronic limb-threatening ischemia were identified in the vascular-targeted lower extremity National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database for open surgical interventions (OPEN) and endovascular surgical interventions (ENDO) from 2011 to 2017. Patients were further stratified based on the criteria of chronic limb-threatening ischemia (rest pain or tissue loss), and the location of the diseased arteries (femoropopliteal or tibioperoneal). The main outcomes measured included 30-day mortality, amputation, and major adverse cardiovascular events. Results A total of 17,193 patients were revascularized for chronic limb-threatening ischemia: 10,532 were OPEN and 6661 were ENDO. OPEN had higher 30-day mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events, pulmonary, renal dysfunction, and wound complications. However, OPEN resulted in significantly lower 30-day major amputation (3.8% vs. 5.0%, odds ratio (OR): 0.83 [0.72–0.97], P = .018). Subgroup analysis revealed a higher mortality rate in OPEN was observed only in tibioperoneal intervention for tissue loss. Major adverse cardiovascular event was higher in OPEN for most subgroups. OPEN for patients with tissue loss had significantly lower amputation rate than ENDO in both femoropopliteal and tibioperoneal subgroups (3.7% vs. 5.1%, OR: 0.76 [0.59–0.98] , P = .036, and 4.7% vs. 6.6%, OR: 0.74 [0.57–0.96], P = .024, respectively). The benefit of open surgery in reducing the amputation rate was not seen in patients with rest pain. Conclusions Open surgical intervention is associated with significantly better limb salvage than endovascular intervention in patients with tissue loss. Surgical options should be given more emphasis as the first-line option in this cohort of patients unless the cardiopulmonary risk is prohibitive.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1708-5381 , 1708-539X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1708538120971972
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2143006-8
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  • 7
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    Factors Influencing Recovery and Well-Being Among Asian Survivors of International Criminal Sex Trafficking in an Urban U.S. City
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Interpersonal Violence Vol. 38, No. 3-4 ( 2023-02), p. 2360-2386
    Details
    In: Journal of Interpersonal Violence, SAGE Publications, Vol. 38, No. 3-4 ( 2023-02), p. 2360-2386
    Abstract: Sex trafficking is serious form of gender-based violence that results in profound adverse health outcomes, yet one that is poorly understood. New York City is a major hub for sex trafficking, with a significant but unquantified number of victims originating from East Asian countries and trafficked via illicit massage businesses. Peer-reviewed studies among Asian survivors of international criminal sex trafficking do not exist. The aim of this study is to qualitatively examine the factors at various levels of influence that impact the recovery and reintegration process of Asian criminal sex trafficking survivors in the United States from the perspective of survivors and front-line service providers. The study was guided by community-based participatory research and trauma-informed approaches, leveraging a collaboration with a well-established service provider organization. Ten in-depth interviews were conducted between 2018 and 2019 with three Korean survivors and seven key informants who were anti-trafficking service providers working with East Asian clients. Data were analyzed using a grounded theory approach. Survivors and service providers vocalized factors at multiple levels that either facilitate or impede recovery and well-being. Levels of influence included structural (e.g., poverty/debt bondage, immigration status, limited English proficiency), cultural (e.g., fatalism, collectivism), institutional (e.g., lack of culturally appropriate, trauma-informed care), interpersonal (e.g., exploitation, social support), and individual (e.g., resilience). Stigma was a crosscutting factor that spanned all levels of influence. This study highlights the voices of survivors and front-line service providers to understand the lives of an under-researched population of Asian sex trafficking survivors. Ultimately, the root, structural causes of survivor marginalization need to be addressed, which stem from the intersection of class-, gender-, and race-related inequities. While survivors continue to experience exploitation and marginalization post-trafficking, they also carry an enormous amount of resilience that must be leveraged in their path to recovery from trauma.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0886-2605 , 1552-6518
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/08862605221101187
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2028900-5
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    SSG: 2,1
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  • 8
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    Ophthalmic Manifestations as First Presenting Sign of Evans Syndrome
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Journal of VitreoRetinal Diseases Vol. 6, No. 6 ( 2022-11), p. 479-484
    Details
    In: Journal of VitreoRetinal Diseases, SAGE Publications, Vol. 6, No. 6 ( 2022-11), p. 479-484
    Abstract: This work reports a case of Evans syndrome first presenting with ophthalmic signs. Methods: A 27-year-old previously healthy man presented with headaches and bilateral blurred vision for 2 weeks. The visual acuity was 20/30 -1 and 20/60 -2 in the right eye and left eye, respectively. A fundus examination revealed Roth spots, diffuse multilayer retinal hemorrhages in the macula and periphery, and tortuous vessels in both eyes. Optical coherence tomography showed a disrupted foveal contour from intraretinal fluid and hemorrhage in both eyes. Fluorescein angiography demonstrated dilated and tortuous vessels with scattered blocking defects from hemorrhages. Results: A workup revealed warm hemolytic anemia with severe thrombocytopenia consistent with the diagnosis of Evans syndrome. Conclusions: Evans syndrome is a rare blood dyscrasia that can first present as subacute vision loss and should be added to the differential of diffuse bilateral retinal hemorrhages spanning a multitude of retinal layers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2474-1264 , 2474-1272
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/24741264211062931
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2898183-2
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  • 9
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    A new framework for metabolic connectivity mapping using bolus [ 18 F]FDG PET and kinetic modeling
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism
    Details
    In: Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: Metabolic connectivity (MC) has been previously proposed as the covariation of static [ 18 F]FDG PET images across participants, i.e., across-individual MC (ai-MC). In few cases, MC has been inferred from dynamic [ 18 F]FDG signals, i.e., within-individual MC (wi-MC), as for resting-state fMRI functional connectivity (FC). The validity and interpretability of both approaches is an important open issue. Here we reassess this topic, aiming to 1) develop a novel wi-MC methodology; 2) compare ai-MC maps from standardized uptake value ratio ( SUVR) vs. [ 18 F]FDG kinetic parameters fully describing the tracer behavior (i.e., K i , K 1 , k 3 ); 3) assess MC interpretability in comparison to structural connectivity and FC. We developed a new approach based on Euclidean distance to calculate wi-MC from PET time-activity curves. The across-individual correlation of SUVR, K i , K 1 , k 3 produced different networks depending on the chosen [ 18 F]FDG parameter ( k 3 MC vs. SUVR MC, r = 0.44). We found that wi-MC and ai-MC matrices are dissimilar (maximum r = 0.37), and that the match with FC is higher for wi-MC (Dice similarity: 0.47–0.63) than for ai-MC (0.24–0.39). Our analyses demonstrate that calculating individual-level MC from dynamic PET is feasible and yields interpretable matrices that bear similarity to fMRI FC measures.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0271-678X , 1559-7016
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0271678X231184365
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2039456-1
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  • 10
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    Hypertriglyceridemia in Critically Ill Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Infection
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Annals of Pharmacotherapy Vol. 56, No. 6 ( 2022-06), p. 637-644
    Details
    In: Annals of Pharmacotherapy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 56, No. 6 ( 2022-06), p. 637-644
    Abstract: Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection could develop severe disease requiring critical care admission. Case reports indicated high incidence of hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) in critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, which might be related to the drugs. Objective We sought to determine the risk factors associated with HTG in this population and to investigate the relationship between HTG and lipase. Methods A retrospective observational study was conducted at our hospital between March 1 and June 30, 2020. Patients were included if they were ≥18 years old, admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, and had triglycerides (TG) checked during their hospital stay. Results Of the 111 critically ill patients, 103 patients were included. Males comprised 88.3% of the sample. The median TG at baseline was 197.4 (IQR: 139.8-283) mg/dL. The lipase median level at baseline was 23.00 (IQR: 0.00-69.50) IU/L. The results of the mixed-effects logistic regression analysis indicated that patient-level variables, favipiravir use, blood glucose level, and propofol use were significantly associated with HTG. There was no relationship between lipase and TG levels over time. Furthermore, TG concentrations over time showed a similar trend to inflammatory markers. Conclusion and Relevance The incidence of clinically significant HTG was high and was associated with propofol and favipiravir use. HTG might reflect the high inflammatory state in these patients. Clinicians should look at the full picture before changing therapies based only on HTG. Our findings need to be replicated in a larger prospective study.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1060-0280 , 1542-6270
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/10600280211038302
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2053518-1
    SSG: 15,3
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