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  • Oxford University Press (OUP)  (83)
  • 2020-2024  (83)
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  • Oxford University Press (OUP)  (83)
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  • 2020-2024  (83)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Broad Impacts of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic on Acute Respiratory Infections in China: An Observational Study
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Clinical Infectious Diseases Vol. 75, No. 1 ( 2022-08-24), p. e1054-e1062
    Details
    In: Clinical Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 75, No. 1 ( 2022-08-24), p. e1054-e1062
    Abstract: To combat the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were implemented worldwide, which impacted a broad spectrum of acute respiratory infections (ARIs). Methods Etiologically diagnostic data from 142 559 cases with ARIs, who were tested for 8 viral pathogens (influenza virus [IFV], respiratory syncytial virus [RSV] , human parainfluenza virus [HPIV], human adenovirus [HAdV] , human metapneumovirus [HMPV], human coronavirus [HCoV] , human bocavirus [HBoV], and human rhinovirus [HRV] ) between 2012 and 2021, were analyzed to assess the changes in respiratory infections in China during the first COVID-19 pandemic year compared with pre-pandemic years. Results Test-positive rates of all respiratory viruses decreased during 2020, compared to the average levels during 2012–2019, with changes ranging from −17.2% for RSV to −87.6% for IFV. Sharp decreases mostly occurred between February and August when massive NPIs remained active, although HRV rebounded to the historical level during the summer. While IFV and HMPV were consistently suppressed year-round, RSV, HPIV, HCoV, HRV, and HBoV resurged and went beyond historical levels during September 2020–January 2021, after NPIs were largely relaxed and schools reopened. Resurgence was more prominent among children & lt;18 years and in northern China. These observations remain valid after accounting for seasonality and long-term trend of each virus. Conclusions Activities of respiratory viral infections were reduced substantially in the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, and massive NPIs were likely the main driver. Lifting of NPIs can lead to resurgence of viral infections, particularly in children.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1058-4838 , 1537-6591
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab942
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2002229-3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Rapid and repeated climate adaptation involving chromosome inversions following invasion of an insect
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2024
    In:  Molecular Biology and Evolution
    Details
    In: Molecular Biology and Evolution, Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Abstract: Following invasion, insects can become adapted to conditions experienced in their invasive range, but there are few studies on the speed of adaptation and its genomic basis. Here, we examine a small insect pest, Thrips palmi, following its contemporary range expansion across a sharp climate gradient from the subtropics to temperate areas. We first found a geographically associated population genetic structure and inferred a stepping-stone dispersal pattern in this pest from the open fields of southern China to greenhouse environments of northern regions, with limited gene flow after colonization. In common garden experiments, both the field and greenhouse groups exhibited clinal patterns in thermal tolerance as measured by CTmax (critical thermal maximum) closely linked with latitude and temperature variables. A selection experiment reinforced the evolutionary potential of CTmax with an estimated h2 of 6.8% for the trait. We identified three inversions in the genome that were closely associated with CTmax, accounting for 49.9%, 19.6%, and 8.6% of the variance in CTmax among populations. Other genomic variation in CTmax outside the inversion region were specific to certain populations but functionally conserved. These findings highlight rapid adaptation to CTmax in both open field and greenhouse populations and reiterate the importance of inversions behaving as large-effect alleles in climate adaptation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0737-4038 , 1537-1719
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msae044
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2024221-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Activation of CaMKII and GluR1 by the PSD-95-GluN2B Coupling-Dependent Phosphorylation of GluN2B in the Spinal Cord in a Rat Model of Type-2 Diabetic Neuropathic Pain
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology Vol. 79, No. 7 ( 2020-07-01), p. 800-808
    Details
    In: Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 79, No. 7 ( 2020-07-01), p. 800-808
    Abstract: The mechanisms underlying type-2 diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) are unclear. This study investigates the coupling of postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95) to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2B (GluN2B), and the subsequent phosphorylation of GluN2B (Tyr1472-GluN2B) in the spinal cord in a rat model of type-2 DNP. Expression levels of PSD-95, Tyr1472-GluN2B, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and its phosphorylated counterpart (Thr286-CaMKII), and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-soxazole propionic acid receptor subtype 1 (GluR1) and its phosphorylated counterpart (Ser831-GluR1) were significantly increased versus controls in the spinal cord of type-2 DNP rats whereas the expression of total spinal GluN2B did not change. The intrathecal injection of Ro25-6981 (a specific antagonist of GluN2B) or Tat-NR2B9c (a mimetic peptide disrupting the interaction between PSD-95 and GluN2B) induced an antihyperalgesic effect and blocked the increased expression of Tyr1472-GluN2B, CaMKII, GluR1, Thr286-CaMKII, and Ser831-GluR1 in the spinal cords; the increase in spinal cord PSD-95 was not affected. These findings indicate that the PSD-95-GluN2B interaction may increase phosphorylation of GluN2B, and subsequently induce the expression of phosphorylation of CaMKII and GluR1 in the spinal cord of type-2 DNP rats. Targeting the interaction of PSD-95 with GluN2B may provide a new therapeutic strategy for type-2 DNP.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-3069 , 1554-6578
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlaa035
    RVK:
    XA 55250
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033048-0
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Liver resection versus liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma within the Milan criteria based on estimated microvascular invasion risks
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Gastroenterology Report Vol. 11 ( 2022-12-30)
    Details
    In: Gastroenterology Report, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 11 ( 2022-12-30)
    Abstract: Preoperative prediction of microvascular invasion (MVI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may optimize individualized treatment decision-making. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic differences between HCC patients undergoing liver resection (LR) and liver transplantation (LT) based on predicted MVI risks. Methods We analysed 905 patients who underwent LR, including 524 who underwent anatomical resection (AR) and 117 who underwent LT for HCC within the Milan criteria using propensity score matching. A nomogram model was used to predict preoperative MVI risk. Results The concordance indices of the nomogram for predicting MVI were 0.809 and 0.838 in patients undergoing LR and LT, respectively. Based on an optimal cut-off value of 200 points, the nomogram defined patients as high- or low-risk MVI groups. LT resulted in a lower 5-year recurrence rate and higher 5-year overall survival (OS) rate than LR among the high-risk patients (23.6% vs 73.2%, P  & lt; 0.001; 87.8% vs 48.1%, P  & lt; 0.001) and low-risk patients (19.0% vs 45.7%, P  & lt; 0.001; 86.5% vs 70.0%, P = 0.002). The hazard ratios (HRs) of LT vs LR for recurrence and OS were 0.18 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.09–0.37) and 0.12 (95% CI, 0.04–0.37) among the high-risk patients and 0.37 (95% CI, 0.21–0.66) and 0.36 (95% CI, 0.17–0.78) among the low-risk patients. LT also provided a lower 5-year recurrence rate and higher 5-year OS rate than AR among the high-risk patients (24.8% vs 63.5%, P = 0.001; 86.7% vs 65.7%, P = 0.004), with HRs of LT vs AR for recurrence and OS being 0.24 (95% CI, 0.11–0.53) and 0.17 (95% CI, 0.06–0.52), respectively. The 5-year recurrence and OS rates between patients undergoing LT and AR were not significantly different in the low-risk patients (19.4% vs 28.3%, P = 0.129; 85.7% vs 77.8%, P = 0.161). Conclusions LT was superior to LR for patients with HCC within the Milan criteria with a predicted high or low risk of MVI. No significant differences in prognosis were found between LT and AR in patients with a low risk of MVI.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2052-0034
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goad035
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2710871-5
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Distinct neuron populations for simple and compound calls in the primary auditory cortex of awake marmosets
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  National Science Review Vol. 8, No. 11 ( 2021-12-04)
    Details
    In: National Science Review, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 8, No. 11 ( 2021-12-04)
    Abstract: Marmosets are highly social non-human primates that live in families. They exhibit rich vocalization, but the neural basis underlying this complex vocal communication is largely unknown. Here we report the existence of specific neuron populations in marmoset A1 that respond selectively to distinct simple or compound calls made by conspecific marmosets. These neurons were spatially dispersed within A1 but distinct from those responsive to pure tones. Call-selective responses were markedly diminished when individual domains of the call were deleted or the domain sequence was altered, indicating the importance of the global rather than local spectral-temporal properties of the sound. Compound call-selective responses also disappeared when the sequence of the two simple-call components was reversed or their interval was extended beyond 1 s. Light anesthesia largely abolished call-selective responses. Our findings demonstrate extensive inhibitory and facilitatory interactions among call-evoked responses, and provide the basis for further study of circuit mechanisms underlying vocal communication in awake non-human primates.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2095-5138 , 2053-714X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwab126
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2745465-4
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The transcriptional coactivator Eya1 exerts transcriptional repressive activity by interacting with REST corepressors and REST-binding sequences to maintain nephron progenitor identity
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Nucleic Acids Research Vol. 50, No. 18 ( 2022-10-14), p. 10343-10359
    Details
    In: Nucleic Acids Research, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 50, No. 18 ( 2022-10-14), p. 10343-10359
    Abstract: Eya1 is critical for establishing and maintaining nephron progenitor cells (NPCs). It belongs to a family of proteins called phosphatase-transcriptional activators but without intrinsic DNA-binding activity. However, the spectrum of the Eya1-centered networks is underexplored. Here, we combined transcriptomic, genomic and proteomic approaches to characterize gene regulation by Eya1 in the NPCs. We identified Eya1 target genes, associated cis-regulatory elements and partner proteins. Eya1 preferentially occupies promoter sequences and interacts with general transcription factors (TFs), RNA polymerases, different types of TFs, chromatin-remodeling factors with ATPase or helicase activity, and DNA replication/repair proteins. Intriguingly, we identified REST-binding motifs in 76% of Eya1-occupied sites without H3K27ac-deposition, which were present in many Eya1 target genes upregulated in Eya1-deficient NPCs. Eya1 copurified REST-interacting chromatin-remodeling factors, histone deacetylase/lysine demethylase, and corepressors. Coimmunoprecipitation validated physical interaction between Eya1 and Rest/Hdac1/Cdyl/Hltf in the kidneys. Collectively, our results suggest that through interactions with chromatin-remodeling factors and specialized DNA-binding proteins, Eya1 may modify chromatin structure to facilitate the assembly of regulatory complexes that regulate transcription positively or negatively. These findings provide a mechanistic basis for how Eya1 exerts its activity by forming unique multiprotein complexes in various biological processes to maintain the cellular state of NPCs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0305-1048 , 1362-4962
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac760
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1472175-2
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dynamic changes in cis-regulatory occupancy by Six1 and its cooperative interactions with distinct cofactors drive lineage-specific gene expression programs during progressive differentiation of the auditory sensory epithelium
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Nucleic Acids Research Vol. 48, No. 6 ( 2020-04-06), p. 2880-2896
    Details
    In: Nucleic Acids Research, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 48, No. 6 ( 2020-04-06), p. 2880-2896
    Abstract: The transcription factor Six1 is essential for induction of sensory cell fate and formation of auditory sensory epithelium, but how it activates gene expression programs to generate distinct cell-types remains unknown. Here, we perform genome-wide characterization of Six1 binding at different stages of auditory sensory epithelium development and find that Six1-binding to cis-regulatory elements changes dramatically at cell-state transitions. Intriguingly, Six1 pre-occupies enhancers of cell-type-specific regulators and effectors before their expression. We demonstrate in-vivo cell-type-specific activity of Six1-bound novel enhancers of Pbx1, Fgf8, Dusp6, Vangl2, the hair-cell master regulator Atoh1 and a cascade of Atoh1’s downstream factors, including Pou4f3 and Gfi1. A subset of Six1-bound sites carry consensus-sequences for its downstream factors, including Atoh1, Gfi1, Pou4f3, Gata3 and Pbx1, all of which physically interact with Six1. Motif analysis identifies RFX/X-box as one of the most significantly enriched motifs in Six1-bound sites, and we demonstrate that Six1-RFX proteins cooperatively regulate gene expression through binding to SIX:RFX-motifs. Six1 targets a wide range of hair-bundle regulators and late Six1 deletion disrupts hair-bundle polarity. This study provides a mechanistic understanding of how Six1 cooperates with distinct cofactors in feedforward loops to control lineage-specific gene expression programs during progressive differentiation of the auditory sensory epithelium.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0305-1048 , 1362-4962
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa012
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1472175-2
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Randomized, Single-Blind, Comparative Study of Remimazolam Besylate Vs Propofol for Facial Plastic Surgery
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2024
    In:  Aesthetic Surgery Journal ( 2024-02-10)
    Details
    In: Aesthetic Surgery Journal, Oxford University Press (OUP), ( 2024-02-10)
    Abstract: Use of local anesthesia, conscious sedation with a combination of a sedative and anesthetic drug during surgical procedure is an approach designed to avoid intubation and which produces less adverse events compared to general anesthesia. In the present study, a comparison was made between the efficacy and safety of remimazolam besylate and propofol for facial plastic surgery. Objectives To evaluate the clinical efficacy, comfort and incidence of adverse reactions of remimazolam compared with propofol combined with alfentanil in outpatient facial plastic surgery. Methods In this randomized, single-blind, single-center, comparative study, facial plastic surgery patients were randomly divided into remimazolam-alfentanil (n = 50) and propofol-alfentanil (n = 50) groups for sedation and analgesia. The primary endpoint was the incidence of hypoxemia, while secondary endpoints included efficacy and safety evaluations. Results There were no significant differences regarding the surgical procedure, sedation and induction times, pain and comfort scores, muscle strength recovery, heart rate, respiratory rate and blood pressure, but the dosage of alfentanil administered to the remimazolam group (387.5 mg) was lower than for the propofol group (600 mg). The incidence of oxygen saturation reduction (P = 0.046) and towing of the mandibular (P = 0.028), as well as wake-up (P = 0.027) and injection pain (P = 0.008), were significantly higher in the propofol group compared to the remimazolam group. Conclusions Remimazolam and propofol had similar efficacies for sedation and analgesia during facial plastic surgery, but especially the incidence of respiratory depression was significantly lower in patients given remimazolam.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1090-820X , 1527-330X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjae033
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2048788-5
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Atomic-Scale Investigations of Charge-lattice Modulation in a Hole-doped Charge-ordered Ferrite
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Microscopy and Microanalysis Vol. 26, No. S2 ( 2020-08), p. 2470-2472
    Details
    In: Microscopy and Microanalysis, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 26, No. S2 ( 2020-08), p. 2470-2472
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1431-9276 , 1435-8115
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1431927620021704
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481716-0
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Germline and somatic mtDNA mutation spectrum of rheumatoid arthritis patients in the Taizhou area, China
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Rheumatology Vol. 59, No. 10 ( 2020-10-01), p. 2982-2991
    Details
    In: Rheumatology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 59, No. 10 ( 2020-10-01), p. 2982-2991
    Abstract: Reactive oxygen species are believed to be involved in the onset of RA, and the association between nuclear-encoded mitochondrial respiratory chain-related variants and RA has recently been revealed. However, little is known about the landscape of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants in RA. Methods Next-generation sequencing was conducted to profile mtDNA germline and somatic variants in 124 RA patients and 123 age- and sex-matched healthy controls in the Taizhou area, China. Fisher’s exact test, SKAT and SKAT-O were used for gene-burden tests to investigate RA-related variants of mitochondrial genes. Predictive tools were applied to evaluate the pathogenicity of mtDNA variants, and mtDNA haplogroups were assigned according to mtDNA mutations recorded in PhyloTree database. The frequency distribution of mtDNA haplogroups between the groups was compared using χ2 analysis. Results We identified 467 RA-unique and 341 healthy control-unique mtDNA variants, with 443 common variants. Only MT-ATP6 with a significant burden of variants was identified by Fisher’s exact test, SKAT and SKAT-O, even after Bonferroni adjustment, and the enrichment variants in MT-ATP6 was mainly driven by m.8830C & gt;A, m.8833G & gt;C and m.8843T & gt;A variants. Besides, four frequently low-heteroplasmic variants including the three variants above and m.14135T & gt;G of MT-ND5 were detected in RA only; except for m.8830C & gt;A, they are considered potential pathogenicity based on functional predictions. χ2 analysis before Bonferroni adjustment revealed haplogroup F1/F1a to be negatively associated with RA (P  & lt; 0.05). Conclusion These results profiled the landscape of germline and somatic mtDNA variants in RA and supported the effects of mitochondrial genes on RA.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1462-0324 , 1462-0332
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa063
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1474143-X
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