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  • MDPI AG  (13)
  • 2020-2024  (13)
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  • MDPI AG  (13)
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  • 2020-2024  (13)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Differential Transcriptional Profiles in Early- and Late-Dividing Porcine Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Genes Vol. 11, No. 12 ( 2020-12-12), p. 1499-
    Details
    In: Genes, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 12 ( 2020-12-12), p. 1499-
    Abstract: Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is not only a valuable tool for understanding nuclear reprogramming, but it also facilitates the generation of genetically modified animals. However, the development of SCNT embryos has remained an uncontrollable process. It was reported that the SCNT embryos that complete the first cell division sooner are more likely to develop to the blastocyst stage, suggesting their better developmental competence. Therefore, to better understand the underlying molecular mechanisms, RNA-seq of pig SCNT embryos that were early-dividing (24 h postactivation) and late-dividing (36 h postactivation) was performed. Our analysis revealed that early- and late-dividing embryos have distinct RNA profiles, and, in all, 3077 genes were differentially expressed. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses revealed that early-dividing embryos exhibited higher expression in genes that participated in the meiotic cell cycle, while enrichment of RNA processing- and translation-related genes was found in late-dividing embryos. There are also fewer somatic memory genes such as FLRT2, ADAMTS1, and FOXR1, which are abnormally activated or suppressed in early-dividing cloned embryos. These results show that early-dividing SCNT embryos have different transcriptional profiles than late-dividing embryos. Early division of SCNT embryos may be associated with their better reprogramming capacity, and somatic memory genes may act as a reprogramming barrier in pig SCNT reprogramming.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4425
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/genes11121499
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527218-4
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Non-Contact Detection of Vital Signs Based on Improved Adaptive EEMD Algorithm (July 2022)
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Sensors Vol. 22, No. 17 ( 2022-08-25), p. 6423-
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 22, No. 17 ( 2022-08-25), p. 6423-
    Abstract: Non-contact vital sign detection technology has brought a more comfortable experience to the detection process of human respiratory and heartbeat signals. Ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) is a noise-assisted adaptive data analysis method which can be used to decompose the echo data of frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar and extract the heartbeat and respiratory signals. The key of EEMD is to add Gaussian white noise into the signal to overcome the mode aliasing problem caused by original empirical mode decomposition (EMD). Based on the characteristics of clutter and noise distribution in public places, this paper proposed a static clutter filtering method for eliminating ambient clutter and an improved EEMD method based on stable alpha noise distribution. The symmetrical alpha stable distribution is used to replace Gaussian distribution, and the improved EEMD is used for the separation of respiratory and heartbeat signals. The experimental results show that the static clutter filtering technology can effectively filter the surrounding static clutter and highlight the periodic moving targets. Within the detection range of 0.5 m~2.5 m, the improved EEMD method can better distinguish the heartbeat, respiration, and their harmonics, and accurately estimate the heart rate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s22176423
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Study on the Application of Recycled Concrete Powder in an Alkali-Activated Cementitious System
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Processes Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2023-01-08), p. 203-
    Details
    In: Processes, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2023-01-08), p. 203-
    Abstract: In this paper, recycled concrete powder (RCP) was used as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) in an alkali-activation system. The contents of RCP in the cementitious materials were 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%, respectively. The fluidity, rheological properties and mechanical properties were tested, while the effects of RCP on the hydration properties of the alkali-activated system were studied by XRD, SEM-EDS, thermogravimetric analysis and the heat of hydration. The results show that the addition of RCP improves the fluidity of alkali-activated slag cementitious materials and changes the rheological index of paste. The change is greatest when the RCP content is 30%, which is 8.5% higher than that without RCP. With the increase in RCP content, the compressive strength of alkali-activated slag cementitious materials first increases and then decreases. The optimum compressive strength was attained with an RCP of 10%. The addition of RCP has little effect on the types of alkali-activated hydration products, but increases the quantity of hydration products. Further, the inactive particles in RCP combine with hydration products to form a dense microstructure. The addition of RCP reduces the early and total hydration heat of alkali-activated slag cementitious material, and delays the emergence of the second exothermic peak after the first peak.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9717
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/pr11010203
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720994-5
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Magnetocaloric Properties of Melt-Extracted Gd-Co-Al Amorphous/Crystalline Composite Fiber
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Metals Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2022-08-18), p. 1367-
    Details
    In: Metals, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2022-08-18), p. 1367-
    Abstract: In this work, a series of Gd-based amorphous/crystalline composite fibers (ANCFs) were prepared by regulating the Gd content in Gd-Co-Al alloys using the melt-extracted method. Compared to the amorphous alloy, the ANCFs display excellent magnetic refrigeration capacity (RC). Among them, Gd85Co5Al10 ANCF had the largest RC (841 J kg−1) and the widest working temperature range (245 K). Compared with Gd70Co10Al20, RC and working temperature range increased by 56% and 119%, respectively. This superior property is attributed to the ideal coupling between the amorphous phase and the crystalline. This result opens a new door to optimize the magnetic refrigeration capacity by controlling the amorphous crystalline composite structure.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4701
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/met12081367
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662252-X
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bioinspired Surface Design for Magnesium Alloys with Corrosion Resistance
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Metals Vol. 12, No. 9 ( 2022-08-24), p. 1404-
    Details
    In: Metals, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 9 ( 2022-08-24), p. 1404-
    Abstract: Magnesium alloys are regarded as potential candidates in industrial and biomedical applications because of their excellent mechanical properties and biodegradability. However, the excessive degradation rate of magnesium alloys can cause a premature disintegration of mechanical integrity, which is the main bottleneck that limits applications. Inspired by nature, various novel surface designs provide a clever strategy to regulate the corrosion behavior of magnesium alloys. This review extensively discusses bioinspired surface designs to reduce corrosion resistance and realize functionalization, so as to offer new ideas with great potential for biomedical applications. Future research on corrosion resistance is expected to benefit greatly from the bioinspired surface designs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4701
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/met12091404
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662252-X
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    An Intelligent Load Control-Based Random Access Scheme for Space-Based Internet of Things
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Sensors Vol. 21, No. 4 ( 2021-02-03), p. 1040-
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 21, No. 4 ( 2021-02-03), p. 1040-
    Abstract: Random access is one of the most competitive multiple access schemes for future space-based Internet of Things (S-IoT) due to its support for massive connections and grant-free transmission, as well as its ease of implementation. However, firstly, existing random access schemes are highly sensitive to load: once the load exceeds a certain critical value, the throughput will drop sharply due to the increased probability of data collision. Moreover, due to variable satellite coverage and bursty traffic, the network load of S-IoT changes dynamically; therefore, when existing random access schemes are applied directly to the S-IoT environment, the actual throughput is far below the theoretical maximum. Accordingly, this paper proposes an intelligent load control-based random access scheme based on CRDSA++, which is an enhanced version of the contention resolution diversity slotted ALOHA (CRDSA) and extends the CRDSA concept to more than two replicas. The proposed scheme is dubbed load control-based three-replica contention resolution diversity slotted ALOHA (LC-CRDSA3). LC-CRDSA3 actively controls network load. When the load threatens to exceed the critical value, only certain nodes are allowed to send data, and the load is controlled to be near the critical value, thereby effectively improving the throughput. In order to accurately carry out load control, we innovatively propose a maximum likelihood estimation (MLE)-based load estimation algorithm, which estimates the load value of each received frame by making full use of the number of time slots in different states. On this basis, LC-CRDSA3 adopts computational intelligence-based time series forecasting technology to predict the load values of future frames using the historical load values. We evaluated the performance of LC-CRDSA3 through a series of simulation experiments and compared it with CRDSA++. Our experimental results demonstrate that in S-IoT contexts where the load changes dynamically, LC-CRDSA3 can obtain network throughput that is close to the theoretical maximum across a wide load range through accurate load control.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s21041040
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Biosensors Fabricated by Laser-Induced Metallization on DLP Composite Resin
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Electronics Vol. 11, No. 19 ( 2022-10-10), p. 3254-
    Details
    In: Electronics, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 19 ( 2022-10-10), p. 3254-
    Abstract: With the growing emphasis on medical testing, people are seeking more technologies to detect indexes of the human body quickly and at a low cost. The electrochemical biosensors became a research hotspot due to their excellent properties. In this study, dicopper hydroxide phosphate (Cu2(OH)PO4) was incorporated in resin, and the resin sheets were prepared by digital light processing (DLP). The copper base points were activated on the resin sheet surface by Nd: YAG laser and then covered by the electroless copper plating and the electroless silver plating. The laser could effectively activate copper base points on the resin surface. Furthermore, silver electrodes on the detection chips could distinguish glucose solutions of different concentrations well. Finally, a novel detection kit with a three-electrode chip was designed for rapid health testing at home or in medical institutions in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-9292
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/electronics11193254
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662127-7
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Impact of Social Pension Scheme on Farm Production in China: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 4 ( 2022-02-17), p. 2292-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 4 ( 2022-02-17), p. 2292-
    Abstract: How does a social pension scheme affect farm production? This study addresses this question by investigating the effect of social pension on farm production by taking Urban and Rural Residents Pension Scheme (URRPS) in China as an illustration. Based on the implementation of the policy before and after the unification of URRPS, this paper uses the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) in 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2018 and conducts an analytical framework of the difference-in-difference model. The results show that, although the impact of URRPS on labor productivity is not significant, the pension income of URRPS significantly improves the land productivity of elderly farmers. Furthermore, the land productivity effect is larger for male farmers. This paper reveals the certain role played by pension scheme in promoting farm production, providing insights on alleviating the pressure of farm production brought by agricultural labor aging.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042292
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Thermomechanical Processing of a Near-α Ti Matrix Composite Reinforced by TiBw
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Materials Vol. 13, No. 24 ( 2020-12-16), p. 5751-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 24 ( 2020-12-16), p. 5751-
    Abstract: To further improve the mechanical properties of the as-cast 7.5 vol.% TiBw/Ti–6Al–2.5Sn–4Zr–0.7Mo–0.3Si composite, multi-directional forging (MDF) and subsequent heat treatments were carried out to adjust TiB whiskers (TiBw) and matrix characteristics. The effect of various microstructures on the tensile properties and fracture toughness of the composites was analyzed in this paper. After MDF, the TiBw are broken into short rods with a low aspect ratio and display a random distribution. Moreover, distinct microstructures were obtained after thermomechanical processing and different heat treatments. Both room-temperature and high-temperature tensile strength and ductility are improved after thermomechanical processing. By increasing the solution-treatment temperature, the microstructures transform from equiaxed to fully lamellar. A simultaneous improvement of the room-temperature and high-temperature properties is associated with the microstructural changes. In addition, the fracture toughness exhibits an increasing trend as the volume fraction of equiaxial α phases decreases. The lamellar microstructure demonstrates excellent fracture toughness due to deflection of the crack propagation path.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma13245751
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Coupling the Relationship between Land Subsidence and Groundwater Level, Ground Fissures in Xi’an City Using Multi-Orbit and Multi-Temporal InSAR
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Remote Sensing Vol. 15, No. 14 ( 2023-07-16), p. 3567-
    Details
    In: Remote Sensing, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 14 ( 2023-07-16), p. 3567-
    Abstract: The Xi’an region of China has been suffering from groundwater depletion, ground fissure hazards, and surface subsidence for a long time. Due to the complex tectonics and frequent human and natural activities, land deformation in the region is aggravated, posing a threat to infrastructure and human life. This study adopted the multi-orbit and multi-temporal InSAR technology to measure multi-dimensional displacements and time-series displacements in Xi’an City. Through the multi-dimensional deformation verification, it was found that the control of groundwater flow direction by ground fissures is the cause of horizontal deformation. On the contrary, the flow direction of groundwater from west to east was inferred using multi-dimensional deformation. Further analysis was performed by calculating the deformation gradient of the cumulative deformation to obtain differential land subsidence and angular distortions, and it was quantitatively determined that the threshold for the generation of ground fissures caused by differential subsidence is 1/500. Then, through the mutual verification of the time series data and the groundwater level, a positive correlation was obtained. However, due to the inconsistent geological conditions and soil layers at the monitoring positions of Well 2 and Well 3, the lag time was 64 days and 4 days, respectively. Finally, the relationship between the surface deformation and the groundwater in the sustained uplift areas was explored. The Well 1 groundwater-level data with a monitoring period of 22 years and the corresponding monitoring points’ time series data were modeled; it was concluded that, in the future, the groundwater level will continue to rise and surface deformation will mainly increase, without a slowing trend. Therefore, research on the impact of surface uplift on infrastructure should be strengthened. By quantifying the relationship between land subsidence, ground fissures, and the groundwater level in Xi’an, the results of this study provide a reference for groundwater monitoring and management.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-4292
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/rs15143567
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2513863-7
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