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  • MDPI AG  (21)
  • 2020-2024  (21)
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  • MDPI AG  (21)
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  • 2020-2024  (21)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Marine Bacterial Communities in the Xisha Islands, South China Sea
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Diversity Vol. 15, No. 7 ( 2023-07-18), p. 865-
    Details
    In: Diversity, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 7 ( 2023-07-18), p. 865-
    Abstract: Oligotrophic marine environments are ecological funnels in marine ecosystems and are essential for maintaining the health and balance of the entire marine ecosystem. Bacterial communities are one of the most important biological populations, which can survive in low-nutrient environments and perform a variety of important ecological functions, such as decomposing and absorbing organic waste in the ocean and converting nitrogen from the atmosphere into a usable nitrogen source, thus maintaining the health of marine ecosystems. The bacterioplankton community composition and potential function were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing in oligotrophic coral reef sea areas. The diversity of the bacterial community exhibited significant differences between the four studied regions. Proteobacteria (38.58–62.79%) were the most abundant in all sampling sites, followed by Cyanobacteria (15.41–37.28%), Bacteroidota (2.39–6.67%), and Actinobacteriota (0.45–1.83%). Although bacterioplankton communities presented no difference between surface and bottom water regarding community richness and α-diversity, the bacterial community composition presented significant differences between surface and bottom water regarding β-diversity. Alteromonadales, Rhodospirllales, and Chloroplast were identified as the significantly different communities between the surface and bottom (Q value 〈 0.01). Bacterial community distribution in different regions was mainly affected by pH, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients. Nitrite ammonification, chitinolysis, predatory or exoparasitic, chloroplasts, chemoheterotrophy, aerobic chemoheterotrophy, phototrophic, compound degradation (mostly nutrients and pollutants), nitrogen cycle, fermentation, and intracellular parasitism were the dominant functions in the four regions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-2818
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/d15070865
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518137-3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Notopterol Ameliorates Hyperuricemia-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction in Mice
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Pharmaceuticals Vol. 16, No. 3 ( 2023-02-27), p. 361-
    Details
    In: Pharmaceuticals, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 3 ( 2023-02-27), p. 361-
    Abstract: Notopterol is a naturally occurring furanocoumarin compound found in the root of Notopterygium incisum. Hyperuricemia involves the activation of chronic inflammation and leads to cardiac damage. Whether notopterol has cardioprotective potential in hyperuricemia mice remains elusive. The hyperuricemic mouse model was constructed by administration of potassium oxonate and adenine every other day for six weeks. Notopterol (20 mg/kg) and allopurinol (10 mg/kg) were given daily as treatment, respectively. The results showed that hyperuricemia dampened heart function and reduced exercise capacity. Notopterol treatment improved exercise capacity and alleviated cardiac dysfunction in hyperuricemic mice. P2X7R and pyroptosis signals were activated both in hyperuricemic mice and in uric acid-stimulated H9c2 cells. Additionally, it was verified that inhibition of P2X7R alleviated pyroptosis and inflammatory signals in uric acid-treated H9c2 cells. Notopterol administration significantly suppressed expression levels of pyroptosis associated proteins and P2X7R in vivo and in vitro. P2X7R overexpression abolished the inhibition effect of notopterol on pyroptosis. Collectively, our findings suggested that P2X7R played a critical role in uric acid-induced NLRP3 inflammatory signals. Notopterol inhibited pyroptosis via inhibiting the P2X7R/NLRP3 signaling pathway under uric acid stimulation. Notopterol might represent a potential therapeutic strategy against pyroptosis and improve cardiac function in hyperuricemic mice.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8247
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ph16030361
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2193542-7
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Influence of Floodplain Flooding on Channel Siltation Adjustment under the Effect of Vegetation on a Meandering Riverine Beach
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Water Vol. 13, No. 10 ( 2021-05-18), p. 1402-
    Details
    In: Water, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 10 ( 2021-05-18), p. 1402-
    Abstract: Flooding in a sediment-laden floodplain is affected by riverine beach vegetation and the shape of a meandering compound channel. The laws of water and sediment exchange and the deposition distribution in beach troughs are very complex. These factors play a significant role in the formation and development of secondary suspended rivers, in the adjustment of the beach horizontal gradient, and even in the evolution of the flood control situation. In this study, we used a combination of experimental simulation and theoretical research to carry out a generalized model test of floodplain flooding evolution, analyzed the lateral distribution characteristics of sediment-laden flow and sediment factors in a meandering compound channel under the conditions of beach vegetation, and revealed the pros and cons of beach vegetation on the adjustment of the beach and channel siltation. The model test results of the flooding in the floodplain in the compound channel with meandering vegetation showed that the main stream was not only concentrated in the main channel but also appeared near the foot of the left and right bank levees and formed flood discharges along the embankment. As the riverine beach siltation was mainly concentrated at the riverine beach lip, the vegetation on the riverine beach had a significant effect on slowing down the flow velocity. Whether it was a row or full vegetation on both sides of the bank, this played an important role in the stability of the main channel. When there was no vegetation on the riverine beach, the main channel was easy to move. The arrangement of full vegetation on the riverine beach had a uniform effect on the velocity distribution of the riverine beach, which reduced the phenomenon of excessive velocity at the foot of the riverine beach and increased the velocity effect in the main channel. These results will provide a theoretical basis for the utilization of riverine beach areas and river management in the lower Yellow River and have a great significance for enriching the basic theory of water and sediment movement and promoting the integration of hydraulics, river dynamics, and ecology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4441
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/w13101402
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2521238-2
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ultrasensitive Fluorescence Lateral Flow Assay for Simultaneous Detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium via Wheat Germ Agglutinin-Functionalized Magnetic Quantum Dot Nanoprobe
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Biosensors Vol. 12, No. 11 ( 2022-10-31), p. 942-
    Details
    In: Biosensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 11 ( 2022-10-31), p. 942-
    Abstract: Point-of-care testing methods for the rapid and sensitive screening of pathogenic bacteria are urgently needed because of the high number of outbreaks of microbial infections and foodborne diseases. In this study, we developed a highly sensitive and multiplex lateral flow assay (LFA) for the simultaneous detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium in complex samples by using wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)-modified magnetic quantum dots (Mag@QDs) as a universal detection nanoprobe. The Mag@QDs-WGA tag with a 200 nm Fe3O4 core and multiple QD-formed shell was introduced into the LFA biosensor for the universal capture of the two target bacteria and provided the dual amplification effect of fluorescence enhancement and magnetic enrichment for ultra-sensitivity detection. Meanwhile, two antibacterial antibodies were separately sprayed onto the two test lines of the LFA strip to ensure the specific identification of P. aeruginosa and S. typhimurium through one test. The proposed LFA exhibited excellent analytical performance, including high capture rate ( 〉 80%) to the target pathogens, low detection limit ( 〈 30 cells/mL), short testing time ( 〈 35 min), and good reproducibility (relative standard deviation 〈 10.4%). Given these merits, the Mag@QDs-WGA-based LFA has a great potential for the on-site and real-time diagnosis of bacterial samples.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-6374
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/bios12110942
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662125-3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Prediction of Future Spatial and Temporal Evolution Trends of Reference Evapotranspiration in the Yellow River Basin, China
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Remote Sensing Vol. 14, No. 22 ( 2022-11-10), p. 5674-
    Details
    In: Remote Sensing, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 22 ( 2022-11-10), p. 5674-
    Abstract: Reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is an integral part of the regional hydrological cycle and energy balance and is extremely sensitive to climate change. Based on temperature data from 24 global climate models (GCMs) in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6), this study developed a multi-model ensemble based on delta statistical downscaling with multiple interpolation methods and evaluation indicators to predict the spatial and temporal evolution trends of ET0 in the Yellow River Basin (YRB) under four emission scenarios (SSP126, SSP245, SSP370, and SSP585) for the near- (2022–2040), mid- (2041–2060), and long- (2081–2100) term future. Results demonstrate that regional data generated based on delta statistical downscaling had good simulation performance for the monthly mean, maximum, and minimum temperatures in the YRB, and the developed multi-model ensemble had better simulation capability than any single model. Compared to the historical period (1901–2014), the annual ET0 showed a highly significant increase for different future emission scenarios, and the increase is faster with increasing radiative forcing. The first main cycle of ET0 change was 52, 53, 60, and 48 years for the SSP126, SSP245, SSP370, and SSP585, respectively. ET0 in the YRB had positive values for EOF1 under all four emission scenarios, responding to a spatially consistent trend across the region. Compared to the historical period, the spatial distribution of ET0 under different future emission scenarios was characterized by being larger in the west and smaller in the east. As the radiative forcing scenario increased and time extended, ET0 significantly increased, with a maximum variation of 112.91% occurring in the western part of the YRB in the long-term future under the SSP585 scenario. This study can provide insight into the water cycle patterns of watersheds and scientific decision support for relevant departments to address the challenges of climate change.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-4292
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/rs14225674
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2513863-7
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Insights into the Evolution and Host Adaptation of the Monkeypox Virus from a Codon Usage Perspective: Focus on the Ongoing 2022 Outbreak
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, No. 14 ( 2023-07-16), p. 11524-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 14 ( 2023-07-16), p. 11524-
    Abstract: The exceptionally widespread outbreak of human monkeypox, an emerging zoonosis caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), with more than 69,000 confirmed cases in 100 non-endemic countries since 2022, is a major public health concern. Codon usage patterns reflect genetic variation and adaptation to new hosts and ecological niches. However, detailed analyses of codon usage bias in MPXV based on large-scale genomic data, especially for strains responsible for the 2022 outbreak, are lacking. In this study, we analyzed codon usage in MPXV and its relationship with host adaptation. We confirmed the ongoing outbreak of MPXVs belonging to the West Africa (WA) lineage by principal component analysis based on their codon usage patterns. The 2022 outbreak strains had a relatively low codon usage bias. Codon usage of MPXVs was shaped by mutation and natural selection; however, different from past strains, codon usage in the 2022 outbreak strains was predominantly determined by mutation pressure. Additionally, as revealed by the codon adaptation index (CAI), relative codon deoptimization index (RCDI), and similarity index (SiD) analyses, the codon usage patterns of MPXVs were also affected by their hosts. In particular, the 2022 outbreak strains showed slightly but significantly greater adaptation to many primates, including humans, and were subjected to stronger selection pressure induced by hosts. Our results suggest that MPXVs contributing to the 2022 outbreak have unique evolutionary features, emphasizing the importance of sustained monitoring of their transmission and evolution.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411524
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    ATF3/SPI1/SLC31A1 Signaling Promotes Cuproptosis Induced by Advanced Glycosylation End Products in Diabetic Myocardial Injury
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, No. 2 ( 2023-01-14), p. 1667-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 2 ( 2023-01-14), p. 1667-
    Abstract: Cuproptosis resulting from copper (Cu) overload has not yet been investigated in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) induced by persistent hyperglycemia play an essential role in cardiotoxicity. To clarify whether cuproptosis was involved in AGEs-induced cardiotoxicity, we analyzed the toxicity of AGEs and copper in AC16 cardiomyocytes and in STZ-induced or db/db-diabetic mouse models. The results showed that copper ionophore elesclomol induced cuproptosis in cardiomyocytes. It was only rescued by copper chelator tetrathiomolybdate rather than by other cell death inhibitors. Intriguingly, AGEs triggered cardiomyocyte death and aggravated it when incubated with CuCl2 or elesclomol–CuCl2. Moreover, AGEs increased intracellular copper accumulation and exhibited features of cuproptosis, including loss of Fe–S cluster proteins (FDX1, LIAS, NDUFS8 and ACO2) and decreased lipoylation of DLAT and DLST. These effects were accompanied by decreased mitochondrial oxidative respiration, including downregulated mitochondrial respiratory chain complex, decreased ATP production and suppressed mitochondrial complex I and III activity. Additionally, AGEs promoted the upregulation of copper importer SLC31A1. We predicted that ATF3 and/or SPI1 might be transcriptional factors of SLC31A1 by online databases and validated that by ATF3/SPI1 overexpression. In diabetic mice, copper and AGEs increases in the blood and heart were observed and accompanied by cardiac dysfunction. The protein and mRNA profile changes in diabetic hearts were consistent with cuproptosis. Our findings showed, for the first time, that excessive AGEs and copper in diabetes upregulated ATF3/SPI1/SLC31A1 signaling, thereby disturbing copper homeostasis and promoting cuproptosis. Collectively, the novel mechanism might be an alternative potential therapeutic target for DCM.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021667
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    An Innovative Digestion Method: Ultrasound-Assisted Electrochemical Oxidation for the Onsite Extraction of Heavy Metal Elements in Dairy Farm Slurry
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Materials Vol. 14, No. 16 ( 2021-08-13), p. 4562-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 16 ( 2021-08-13), p. 4562-
    Abstract: Dairy farm slurry is an important biomass resource that can be used as a fertilizer and in energy utilization and chemical production. This study aimed to establish an innovative ultrasound-assisted electrochemical oxidation (UAEO) digestion method for the rapid and onsite analysis of the heavy metal (HM) contamination level of dairy slurry. The effects of UAEO operating parameters on digestion efficiency were tested based on Cu and Zn concentrations in a dairy slurry sample. The results showed that Cu and Zn digestion efficiency was (96.8 ± 2.6) and (98.5 ± 2.9)%, respectively, with the optimal UAEO operating parameters (digestion time: 45 min; ultrasonic power: 400 W; NaCl concentration: 10 g/L). The digestion recovery rate experiments were then operated with spiked samples to verify the digestion effect on broad-spectrum HMs. When the digestion time reached 45 min, all digestion recovery rates exceeded 90%. Meanwhile, free chlorine concentration, particle size distribution, and micromorphology were investigated to demonstrate the digestion mechanism. It was found that 414 mg/L free chorine had theoretically enough oxidative ability, and the ultrasound intervention could deal with the blocky undissolved particles attributed to its crushing capacity. The results of particle size distribution showed that the total volume and bulky particle proportion had an obvious decline. The micromorphology demonstrated that the ultrasound intervention fragmented the bulky particles, and electrochemical oxidation made irregular blocky structures form arc edge and cellular structures. The aforementioned results indicated that UAEO was a novel and efficient method. It was fast and convenient. Additionally, it ensured digestion efficiency and thus had a good application prospect.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma14164562
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Study on the Horizontal Distribution Law of Flood Water and Sediment Factors under the Effect of Vegetation on a Curved Beach
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Water Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2021-05-21), p. 1441-
    Details
    In: Water, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2021-05-21), p. 1441-
    Abstract: The sediment-laden floodplain flood is affected by beach vegetation and the shape of curved compound channels. The laws of water and sediment exchange and deposition distribution in beach troughs are very complex and play a significant role in the formation and development of secondary suspended rivers, the adjustment of beach horizontal gradients, and even the evolution of flood control situations. This study used a combination of experimental simulations and theoretical research to carry out a generalized model test of floodplain flood evolution, analyzing the transverse distribution characteristics of sediment-laden flow and sediment factors in a curved compound channel under the conditions of beach vegetation, proposing a theoretical model of transverse distribution of velocity and sediment concentration that is based on the momentum equation considering the inertial force of the lateral secondary flow and river curvature. The results showed the following: (1) The model test results for floodplain flood in the compound channel with curved vegetation showed that the main stream was not only concentrated in the main channel but also appeared near the foot of the left and right bank levees and formed flood discharge along the embankment, as the beach siltation was mainly concentrated in the beach lip; (2) The arrangement of full vegetation on the beach had a uniform effect on the velocity distribution of the beach, which can reduce the phenomenon of excessive velocity at the foot of the beach and increase the velocity effect in the main channel; and (3) Through five numerical examples, the lateral velocity distribution model of a curved compound channel with beach vegetation was tested and, in general, the analysis model was consistent with the experimental results. The research results will provide a theoretical basis for river management and have great significance for enriching the basic theory of water and sediment movement and promoting the integration of hydraulics, river dynamics, and ecology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4441
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/w13111441
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2521238-2
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Combined with Fluorescence Immunochromatography Assay for On-Site and Ultrasensitive Detection of SARS-CoV-2
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Pathogens Vol. 11, No. 11 ( 2022-10-28), p. 1252-
    Details
    In: Pathogens, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 11 ( 2022-10-28), p. 1252-
    Abstract: This study established a portable and ultrasensitive detection method based on recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) combined with high-sensitivity multilayer quantum dot (MQD)-based immunochromatographic assay (ICA) to detect the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The RPA-MQD-based ICA method is reported for the first time and has the following advantages: (i) RPA is free from the constraints of instruments and can be promoted in point-of-care testing (POCT) scenarios, (ii) fluorescence ICA enhances the portability of detection operation so that the entire operation time is controlled within 1 h, and (iii) compared with common colorimetric-based RPA-ICA, the proposed assay used MQD to provide strong and quantifiable fluorescence signal, thus enhancing the detection sensitivity. With this strategy, the proposed RPA-MQD-based ICA can amplify and detect the SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid on-site with a sensitivity of 2 copies/reaction, which is comparable to the sensitivity of commercial reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) kits. Moreover, the designed primers did not cross-react with other common respiratory viruses, including adenovirus, influenza virus A, and influenza virus B, suggesting high specificity. Thus, the established portable method can sensitively detect SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid without relying on equipment, having good application prospects in SARS-CoV-2 detection scenarios under non-lab conditions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-0817
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11111252
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2695572-6
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