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  • Frontiers Media SA  (55)
  • 2020-2024  (55)
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  • Frontiers Media SA  (55)
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  • 2020-2024  (55)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Table_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Oncology Vol. 12 ( 2022-11-9)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Oncology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2022-11-9)
    Abstract: It is difficult to contour nerve structures with the naked eye due to poor differentiation between the nerve structures with other soft tissues on CT images. Magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) has the advantage in nerve visualization. The purpose of this study is to identify one MRN sequence to better assist the delineation of the lumbosacral plexus (LSP) nerves to assess the radiation dose to the LSP using the magnetic resonance (MR)/CT deformable coregistration technique. Methods A total of 18 cases of patients with prostate cancer and one volunteer with radiation-induced lumbosacral plexopathy (RILSP) were enrolled. The data of simulation CT images and original treatment plans were collected. Two MRN sequences (Lr_NerveVIEW sequence and Cs_NerveVIEW sequence) were optimized from a published MRN sequence (3D NerveVIEW sequence). The nerve visualization ability of the Lr_NerveVIEW sequence and the Cs_NerveVIEW sequence was evaluated via a four-point nerve visualization score (NVS) scale in the first 10 patients enrolled to determine the better MRN sequence for assisting nerve contouring. Deformable registration was applied to the selected MRN sequence and simulation CT images to get fused MR/CT images, on which the LSP was delineated. The contouring of the LSP did not alter treatment planning. The dosimetric data of the LSP nerve were collected from the dose–volume histogram in the original treatment plans. The data of the maximal dose (D max ) and the location of the maximal radiation point received by the LSP structures were collected. Results The Cs_NerveVIEW sequence gained lower NVS scores than the Lr_NerveVIEW sequence (Z=-2.887, p=0.004). The LSP structures were successfully created in 18 patients and one volunteer with MRN (Lr_NerveVIEW)/CT deformable registration techniques, and the LSP structures conformed with the anatomic distribution. In the patient cohort, the percentage of the LSP receiving doses exceeding 50, 55, and 60 Gy was 68% (12/18), 33% (6/18), and 17% (3/18), respectively. For the volunteer with RILSP, the maximum irradiation dose to his LSP nerves was 69 Gy. Conclusion The Lr_NerveVIEW MRN sequence performed better than the Cs_NerveVIEW sequence in nerve visualization. The dose in the LSP needs to be measured to understand the potential impact on treatment-induced neuropathy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2234-943X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.818953
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.818953.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2649216-7
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  • 2
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    Table_6.DOCX
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Microbiology Vol. 12 ( 2022-1-4)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Microbiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2022-1-4)
    Abstract: Cronobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic pathogen causing a lethality rate as high as 80% in infants. Desiccation tolerance ensures its survival in powdered infant formula (PIF) and contributes to the increased exposure to neonates, resulting in neonatal meningitis, septicemia, and necrotizing enterocolitis. This study showed that a food-isolated C . sakazakii G4023 strain exhibited a stronger desiccation tolerance than C. sakazakii ATCC 29544 strain. Considering the proven pathogenicity of G4023, it could be a big threat to infants. Transcriptome and proteome were performed to provide new insights into the desiccation adaptation mechanisms of G4023. Integrated analyses of these omics suggested that 331 genes were found regulated at both transcriptional and protein levels (≥2.0- and ≥1.5-fold, respectively). Deletion of chemotaxis system encoded genes cheA and cheW resulted in decreased tolerance in both short- and long-term desiccation. Reduced O-antigen chain length contributed to the biofilm formation and desiccation tolerance in the short term rather than the long term. In addition, biosynthesis of flagella, arginine and its transport system, and Fe/S cluster were also observed regulated in desiccated G4023. A better understanding of desiccation adaptation mechanisms of G4023 could in turn guide the operations during production and preservation of PIF or other food to reduce survival odds of G4023 and lower its exposure to get to infants.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-302X
    URL: Article
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    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.779538
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.779538.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.779538.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.779538.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.779538.s004
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.779538.s005
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.779538.s006
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.779538.s007
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.779538.s008
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.779538.s009
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.779538.s010
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587354-4
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  • 3
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    DataSheet_6.xlsx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Vol. 11 ( 2021-10-19)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 11 ( 2021-10-19)
    Abstract: The diagnosis of bacterial pathogens in lower respiratory tract infections (LRI) using conventional culture methods remains challenging and time-consuming. Objectives To evaluate the clinical performance of a rapid nanopore-sequencing based metagenomics test for diagnosis of bacterial pathogens in common LRIs through a large-scale prospective study. Methods We enrolled 292 hospitalized patients suspected to have LRIs between November 2018 and June 2019 in a single-center, prospective cohort study. Rapid clinical metagenomics test was performed on-site, and the results were compared with those of routine microbiology tests. Results 171 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) and 121 sputum samples were collected from patients with six kinds of LRIs. The turnaround time (from sample registration to result) for the rapid metagenomics test was 6.4 ± 1.4 hours, compared to 94.8 ± 34.9 hours for routine culture. Compared with culture and real-time PCR validation tests, rapid metagenomics achieved 96.6% sensitivity and 88.0% specificity and identified pathogens in 63 out of 161 (39.1%) culture-negative samples. Correlation between enriched anaerobes and lung abscess was observed by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. Moreover, 38 anaerobic species failed in culture was identified by metagenomics sequencing. The hypothetical impact of metagenomics test proposed antibiotic de-escalation in 34 patients compared to 1 using routine culture. Conclusions Rapid clinical metagenomics test improved pathogen detection yield in the diagnosis of LRI. Empirical antimicrobial therapy could be de-escalated if rapid metagenomics test results were hypothetically applied to clinical management.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2235-2988
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
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    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.684965
    DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.684965.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.684965.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.684965.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.684965.s004
    DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.684965.s005
    DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.684965.s006
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2619676-1
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  • 4
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    Table_1.DOCX
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2020
    In:  Frontiers in Human Neuroscience Vol. 14 ( 2020-12-3)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 14 ( 2020-12-3)
    Abstract: The hippocampus is known to be comprised of several subfields, but the developmental trajectories of these subfields are under debate. In this study, we analyzed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from a cross-sectional sample (198 healthy Chinese) using an automated segmentation tool to delineate the development of the hippocampal subregions from 6 to 26 years of age. We also examined whether gender and hemispheric differences influence the development of these subregions. For the whole hippocampus, the trajectory of development was observed to be an inverse-u. A significant increase in volume with age was found for most of the subregions, except for the L/R-parasubiculum, L/R-fimbria, and L-HATA. Gender-related differences were also found in the development of most subregions, especially for the hippocampal tail, CA1, molecular layer HP, GC-DG, CA3, and CA4, which showed a consistent increase in females and an early increase followed by a decrease in males. A comparison of the average volumes showed that the right whole hippocampus was significantly larger, along with the R-presubiculum, R-hippocampal-fissure, L/R-CA1, and L/R-molecular layer HP in males in comparison to females. Additionally, the average volume of the right hemisphere was shown to be significantly larger for the hippocampal tail, CA1, molecular layer HP, GC-DG, CA3, and CA4. However, for the presubiculum, parasubiculum, and fimbria, the left side was shown to be larger. In conclusion, the hippocampal subregions appear to develop in various ways from childhood to adulthood, with both gender and hemispheric differences affecting their development.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-5161
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.611057
    DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.611057.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.611057.s002
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2425477-0
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  • 5
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    Table_4.XLSX
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Veterinary Science Vol. 9 ( 2022-8-9)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2022-8-9)
    Abstract: Though a number of Eimeria tenella rhoptry kinase family proteins have been identified, little is known about their molecular functions. In the present study, the gene fragment encoding the matured peptide of E. tenella rhoptry kinase family protein 17 (EtROP17) was used to construct a recombinant vector, followed by transfection into leghorn male hepatoma (LMH) cells. Then, the transcriptional changes in the transfected cells were determined by RNA-seq. The expression of EtROP17 in LMH cells was validated by both Western blot and indirect immunofluorescence analysis. Our analysis showed that EtROP17 altered the expression of 309 genes (114 downregulated genes and 195 upregulated genes) in LMH cells. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) results of the selected differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were consistent with the RNA-seq data. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that DEGs were significantly enriched in nine pathways, such as toll-like receptor signaling pathway, ECM-receptor interaction, intestinal immune network for IgA production and focal adhesion. These findings reveal several potential roles of EtROP17, which contribute to understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the host-parasite interplay.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2297-1769
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
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    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.956040
    DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.956040.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.956040.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.956040.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.956040.s004
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2834243-4
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  • 6
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    Diagnostic Performance of CT FFR With a New Parameter Optimized Computational Fluid Dynamics Algorithm From the CT-FFR-CHINA Trial: Characteristic Analysis of Gray Zone Lesions and Misdiagnosed Lesions
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine Vol. 9 ( 2022-3-22)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2022-3-22)
    Abstract: To assess the diagnostic performance of fractional flow reserve (FFR) derived from coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) (CT-FFR) obtained by a new computational fluid dynamics (CFD) algorithm to detect ischemia, using FFR as a reference, and analyze the characteristics of “gray zone” and misdiagnosed lesions. This prospective multicenter clinical trial (NCT03692936, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ ) analyzed 317 patients with coronary stenosis between 30 and 90% in 366 vessels from five centers undergoing CTA and FFR between November 2018 and March 2020. CT-FFR were obtained from a CFD algorithm (Heartcentury Co., Ltd., Beijing, China). Diagnostic performance of CT-FFR and CTA in detecting ischemia was assessed. Coronary atherosclerosis characteristics of gray zone and misdiagnosed lesions were analyzed. Per-vessel sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for CT-FFR and CTA were 89.9, 87.8, 88.8% and 89.3, 35.5, 60.4%, respectively. Accuracy of CT-FFR was 80.0% in gray zone lesions. In gray zone lesions, lumen area and diameter were significantly larger than lesions with FFR & lt; 0.76 (both p & lt; 0.001), lesion length, non-calcified and calcified plaque volume were all significantly higher than non-ischemic lesions (all p & lt; 0.05). In gray zone lesions, Agatston score (OR = 1.009, p = 0.044) was the risk factor of false negative results of CT-FFR. In non-ischemia lesions, coronary stenosis & gt;50% (OR = 2.684, p = 0.03) was the risk factor of false positive results. Lumen area (OR = 0.567, p = 0.02) and diameter (OR = 0.296, p = 0.03) had a significant negative effect on the risk of false positive results of CT-FFR. In conclusion, CT-FFR based on the new parameter-optimized CFD model provides better diagnostic performance for lesion-specific ischemia than CTA. For gray zone lesions, stenosis degree was less than those with FFR & lt; 0.76, and plaque load was heavier than non-ischemic lesions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2297-055X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.819460
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2781496-8
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  • 7
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    Table_5.DOCX
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Medicine Vol. 8 ( 2022-1-10)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Medicine, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 8 ( 2022-1-10)
    Abstract: Background: The use of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is effective in reducing HIV risk, but it is underused by men who have sex with men (MSM) due to certain psychological and sociostructural factors. This article assessed the awareness and use of PEP among MSM in an effort to increase the visibility and uptake of PEP among at-risk populations. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search of the PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar electronic databases. Studies were screened for inclusion, and relevant data were abstracted, assessed for bias, and synthesized. Pooled effect estimates were calculated using random effects meta-analysis, meta-regression and subgroup analysis, and a qualitative review and risk of bias assessment were performed (PROSPERO, CRD42019123815). Results: Twenty eligible studies involving 12,579 MSM were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of the proportions of MSM who were aware of PEP was modest at 59.9% (95% CI: 50.5~68.7) and that of MSM who previously used PEP was very low at 4.9% (95% CI: 2.4~9.8). PEP awareness showed no clear change over time, while PEP use significantly changed over time. Multiple factors affected awareness, including educational attainment, race/ethnicity, levels of HIV stigma, access to condoms, and so on. Many factors could potentially impede or facilitate the use of PEP, such as income, lack of PEP information, and partnership. Conclusion: We observed that PEP is an underused HIV prevention strategy among MSM and that once MSM become aware of PEP, the majority are willing to use it if they are supported appropriately in terms of a range of individual, social, and structural barriers. Systematic Review Registration : http://www.cdr.york.ac.uk/prospero , PROSPERO [CRD42019123815].
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-858X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
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    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.783626
    DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.783626.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.783626.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.783626.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.783626.s004
    DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.783626.s005
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2775999-4
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  • 8
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    DataSheet1.PDF
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Earth Science Vol. 10 ( 2023-1-13)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Earth Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 10 ( 2023-1-13)
    Abstract: Satellite-based remote sensing technology plays a significant role in identifying tropical cyclones (TCs), and most of the current research focuses on intensity estimation. However, analyzing the wind structure of TCs, which is directly related to the danger they bring, remains a challenge. By adding prior knowledge of TCs into the model, we propose a physics-incorporated network based on multi-task learning to estimate wind radii and intensity, whose layers can automatically extract rotation-invariant features related to the TC core from multichannel satellite imageries. In addition, we build a more comprehensive dataset, including global Statistical Hurricane Intensity Prediction Scheme (SHIPS) predictors, to tackle the structure task. We compare our model with existing methods, and it shows that our model gets better results in estimating 50-knot and 64-knot wind radii and achieves a 4.87-knot root-mean-squared error (RMSE) of intensity. By predicting probability density functions, our model quantifies the uncertainty of the result. The experimental results show that the incorporation of rotation equivariance into the layers can enhance TC structure estimation. By considering the feature importance of multi-source predictors, we find that our model pays attention to key predictors related to the TC structure. Specifically, the tangential wind speed at 500 km from the TC center and the radius of the 5-knot wind both greatly reduce the error of the estimated parameters. Finally, two case studies show that the proposed model performs well most of the time during TCs’ rapid intensification. However, when TCs’ system is not well organized, estimating the wind structure is challenging.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-6463
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/feart.2022.1024979
    DOI: 10.3389/feart.2022.1024979.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2741235-0
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  • 9
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    Effects of Different Degrees of Extraluminal Compression on Hemodynamics in a Prominent Transverse-Sigmoid Sinus Junction
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Human Neuroscience Vol. 16 ( 2022-2-16)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 16 ( 2022-2-16)
    Abstract: To simulate hemodynamic changes after extraluminal compression in pulsatile tinnitus (PT) patients with a prominent transverse-sigmoid sinus junction (PTSJ). Methods One patient-specific case was reconstructed based on computed tomography venography (CTV) images of a PT patient. The compression degree served as a new index in this study. Cases with 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90% of the compression degree of the control subject were constructed. Steady-state computational fluid dynamics (CFD) were assessed. The wall pressure distribution, wall maximum pressure (P max ) and flow pattern (velocity streamlines and velocity vector) of the PTSJ were calculated to evaluate hemodynamic differences among all cases. Results With increasing compression, the wall pressure at the compression point and downstream of the PTSJ decreased but increased upstream. When the compression degree exceeded 70%, the upstream pressure increased significantly. Above 50% compression, the blood flow pattern downstream of the sigmoid sinus tended to spiral, especially after 80% compression. Beyond 60% compression, the blood flow pattern under the compression axis became more medial. Conclusion Mechanical compression of PTSJ changes wall pressure and blood flow patterns. The degree of compression should be carefully observed to avoid possible complications or reoccurrence.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-5161
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.823455
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2425477-0
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  • 10
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    Effect of Emissary Vein on Hemodynamics of the Transverse- Sigmoid Sinus Junction
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Human Neuroscience Vol. 15 ( 2021-11-12)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 15 ( 2021-11-12)
    Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effect of the blood flow direction and afflux location of emissary veins (EVs) on the hemodynamics of the transverse-sigmoid sinus (TS-SS) junction. Methods: A patient-specific geometric model was constructed using computed tomography venography (CTV) and 4D flow MR data from a venous pulsatile tinnitus (PT) patient. New EV models were assembled with the afflux at the superior, middle and inferior portions of the SS from the original model, and inlet and outlet directions were applied. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was performed to analyze the wall pressure and flow pattern of the TS-SS junction in each condition. Results: Compared to the model without EVs, the wall pressure was greatly increased in models with inlet flow and greatly decreased in models with outlet flow. The more closely the EV approached the TS-SS, the larger the pressure in models with inlet flow, and the smaller the pressure in models with outlet flow. The flow streamline in the lateral part of the TS-SS junction was smooth in all models. The streamlines in the medial part were regular spirals in outlet models and chaotic in inlet models. The streamlines showed no obvious changes regardless of afflux location. The velocity at the TS-SS junction of inlet models were uniform, medium-low flow rate, while in control and outlet models were the lateral high flow rate and the central low flow rate. Conclusion: The flow direction and afflux location of EVs affect the hemodynamics of the TS-SS junction, which may influence the severity of PT.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-5161
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.707014
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2425477-0
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