Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Sustainability-Based Approach and Methods -- Moving Towards Sustainable Agriculture Through Higher Education -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 2.1 Sustainable Agriculture -- 2.2 Agriculture and the 17 Sustainable Development Goals -- 2.3 Education for Sustainable Development and Adult Education: Role in Agriculture -- 2.4 Agriculture in Malta -- 3 Methodology -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Challenges in Farming -- 4.2 Impacts of Farming on the Environment -- 4.3 Indigenous Farming Knowledge -- 4.4 A Sustainable Farming Future -- 4.5 Education for Sustainable Development and Farming -- 4.6 Discussion on Main Findings -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Balancing Sustainable Livelihoods and Conservation in the Marine Environment -- 1 Introduction to MPA Management and People's Livelihoods -- 2 Livelihoods and the Local Context -- 3 Methodology -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Main Themes -- 4.2 Discussion and from the Thematic Analysis of Qualitative Data -- 5 Recommendations -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Linking Biodiversity and Human Health to Achieve Sustainability -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Maltese Context -- 2.1 The Maltese Environment and Biodiversity -- 2.2 Pollution and Health -- 2.3 Effects of Biodiversity on Human Health and Well-Being -- 2.4 Biodiversity, Stress and Mental Health -- 2.5 Biodiversity and Physical Health -- 2.6 Ecosystem Services -- 2.7 Loss of Human-Nature Connection -- 2.8 Sustainable Exploitation -- 2.9 Humans and Their Perceptions of Nature -- 2.10 Research Gaps Identified -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 The Interviews -- 3.2 Data Analysis -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Assessment of Study Findings -- 6 The Influence-Process-Action Model -- 7 Recommendations -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- Understanding Scale in Wicked Problems of Sustainable Development: Who Needs Dedicated Courses in Higher Education?. , 1 Introduction -- 2 The Meaning of Scale -- 3 A Classification of Work Assignments -- 4 Learning to Solve a Complex Problem -- 5 Creating a Hierarchy of Problems -- 6 Using Scale in Assignments-Examples from Different Disciplines -- 7 Conclusion-Whom to Teach About Scale -- References -- Presenting an Interdisciplinary Teaching Approach to Involve University Students in Issues of Sustainable Development -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Concept of the Course -- 3 Feedback and Evaluation -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Methods of Transdisciplinary Collaboration Within Sustainable Research and Development Projects -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Description of Approaches for Transdisciplinary Research and Development -- 3 Application of the TDR Approaches in the Field of Climate Adaptation -- 3.1 Climate Adaptation as a Case Study -- 3.2 TDR Methods Applied in Three Projects Aimed at Climate Change Adaptation -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Universities as 'Global Citizens': Reflections and Learning from a Project on Female Leadership for Sustainable Development of Fishing Communities in Colombia -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Project Background -- 2.1 Project on Sustainable Development and Women's Leadership -- 2.2 Community Based Participatory Research -- 3 Methods -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Analysis of Power Relations (Symmetrical and Asymmetrical) -- 4.2 Agency -- 4.3 Identity -- 5 Discussion and Conclusions -- 5.1 Agency and Identity and Their Links to Asymmetrical and Symmetrical Power Relations -- 5.2 The Role of HE as Global Citizen, Considerations and Potential Impact -- References -- Geography of Food Summer School: International Exchange for Sustainable Food Value Chains -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Geography of Food Education Programme -- 2.1 Background and Goals -- 2.2 Educational Concept -- 2.3 Course Phases and Content. , 2.4 Integration of Key Educational Elements into Course Phases -- 3 Experiences and Learnings -- 3.1 Implementation -- 3.2 Evaluation -- 3.3 Quality Assessment -- 4 Conclusion and Outlook -- References -- The Role of Higher Education Stakeholder Networks for Sustainable Development: A Systems Perspective -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Stakeholder Networks as Drivers of Sustainable Development Implementation in Higher Education Institutions -- 3 Systems Thinking, Analysis and Assessment of Stakeholders' Networks in HEIs -- 3.1 Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) a Way of Enquiring About Complexity -- 3.2 Soft Systems Methodology (SSM): Managing and Controlling the Transformation Process -- 3.3 Measuring the Performance of a System with SSM: CATWOE, the Transformation Process and the Three 'Es': Efficacy, Efficiency and Effectiveness -- 3.4 Assessing the Performance of Stakeholder's Network: A Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) Model -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Corporate Sustainability Benchmarking in Academia: Green Campus, Living Labs, Socioeconomic and Socioenvironmental Initiatives in Brazil -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Climate Change -- 1.2 Green Campuses -- 1.3 Living Labs -- 1.4 Economic and Socioenvironmental Sustainability Initiatives -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Themes -- 2.2 Indicators -- 2.3 Obtaining Information -- 2.4 Selecting the Reference Universities -- 2.5 Selecting the Universities in Santa Catarina -- 3 Profile of the Selected Universities -- 3.1 European and North American Campuses (EACs) -- 3.2 Santa Catarina Campuses (SCCs) -- 4 Corporate Sustainbility Bench Marking -- 4.1 Green Campus -- 4.2 Living Labs -- 4.3 Economic and Socioenvironmental Sustainability for Society Initiatives -- 5 Conclusions -- References. , What About the Human Side of Climate-Induced Migration? The Role of Universities in Improving Refugees' Wellbeing by Implementing the Sustainable Development Goals -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 2.1 Climate Change-Induced Migration, the Climate Refugees -- 2.2 Universities for the Sustainable Development Goals: Assisting the Climate Refugees -- 3 Methods -- 4 Results and Discussions: The Contributions of Universities to Implement the Sustainable Development Goals for Climate Refugees -- 5 Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- Critical Thinking, Moral Courage, and Sustainable Development Goals. Universities as a Driving Force for Societal Change -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Critical Thinking and Courage as Hallmarks of Higher Education -- 3 The Purpose of the University. Sustainability as the Teleological, Greater Good -- 4 Conclusions -- Bibliography -- Sustainable Development: An Analysis Based on Conference Papers -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Method -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Citations Analysis from Conference Papers on Sustainable Development -- 4.2 Case Study of One International Conference in Brazil -- 4.3 Relevance for Society and Implementation of the SDGs -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Strategic Planning for a Sustainable Development Centre Using the Balanced Scorecard -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Theoretical Reference -- 2.1 Balanced ScoreCard-BSC, Perspectives and Premises -- 2.2 BSC and Its Relationship to the Strategic Map -- 3 Methodology -- 4 Results and Analysis -- 4.1 BSC Greens Group: The Strategic Map -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Drawing Sustainability: Helping Students to Know What They Know -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Role of Business Schools in Education for Sustainability -- 3 The Importance on Learning Recognition -- 4 The Value of Drawing -- 5 Drawing Sustainability as a Learning Activity. , 6 Research Process -- 7 Results -- 7.1 Drawing Sustainability as a Tool to Benchmark Students' Knowledge -- 7.2 Recognition of Learning Through Drawing Sustainability -- 7.3 Other Learning Outcomes Recognised -- 8 Drawing Sustainability and Indicators of Learning -- 9 Impacts and Implications of Drawing Sustainability -- 10 Limitations Recognised in This Research -- 11 Conclusions -- References -- We Can Only Do It Together: Addressing Global Sustainability Challenges Through a Collaborative Paradigm -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Role of Higher Education in Addressing Global Challenges -- 3 Blueprint for a New Paradigm in HEIs -- 4 Knowledge and Policy-Which Knowledge Is Needed in a Time of Systemic Shifts? -- 5 Limits to and Risks with the "Technological" Approach -- 6 Particular Challenges for Universities -- 7 Why Do We Need Agile Learning Organisations in Higher Education? -- 8 A Role for the SDGs in Higher Education? -- 9 Conclusions -- References -- Change Project Approach for Reorienting University Teaching Towards the Implementation of Sustainability Principles -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Change Project Approach (CPA) as a Response to Socio-Economic Challenges of Sustainable Development -- 2.1 Change Project Action Research Cycle and Stages -- 3 Materials and Methods -- 3.1 Materials: Description of Cases -- 3.2 Methods: Case Study Analysis and Value Creation Conceptual Framework -- 4 Results and Discussion on CPA Case Study Analysis -- 5 Conclusions -- Annex: Change Project Value Creation Stories -- References -- Case Studies on Sustainable Development at Universities -- Education for Sustainable Development: A University Perspective -- 1 Introduction: Sustainable Development on the Political Agenda of Latvia -- 2 Sustainability and Universities -- 3 New Concepts-New Challenges -- 4 Conclusions -- References. , Students' Perception of Campus Sustainability in a Brazilian University.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Introduction -- 1 Conserving and Restoring Water-Related Ecosystems World-Widely: Have We Met the 2020s the Benchmarks of the Sustainable Development Goal Six? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Water Abundance, Distribution and Water Circulations -- 3 The Health of and Threats to Water Ecosystems -- 4 Water Ecosystems Across the Continents: Current Status -- 5 Conserving Water Ecosystems -- 6 Restoring Injured Water Ecosystems -- 7 Sustainability of Good Water Quality Across the Globe -- References -- 2 The Contribution of Geographical Information Systems-GIS in Water and Sewage Companies for Water Sustainability -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Mapping for Diagnoses and Land Use Policies, for Locational Alternatives, and Protection of Water Springs -- 3.2 Geospatial Models for Water and Energy Use Efficiency for Pumping and Supplying -- 3.3 Water and Sanitation in Informal Settlements -- 3.4 Partnerships for Geospatial Information Sharing -- 4 Final Considerations -- References -- 3 Towards Adaptive Water Governance in South America: Lessons from Water Crises in Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Water Governance in Latin America -- 3 Lessons from Water Crises in Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay -- 3.1 Chubut River (Argentina) -- 3.2 Piracicaba-Capivari-Jundiaí Rivers (Brazil) -- 3.3 Laguna del Sauce Lake (Uruguay) -- 4 Challenges Under Uncertainty -- 5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 4 Polycentric Water Governance in the Urban Global South -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Theoretical Concept of Polycentric Governance: Potentialities and Limits -- 3 São Paulo Macrometropolis Water Governance in the Context of Climate Change and Water Crisis -- 4 The Challenge of Water Governance in the SPMM-Between Crisis Management, Integrated Long-Term Planning, and Democratic Deliberation. , 5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 5 Land Use Change in Tropical Watersheds: Will It Support Natural Resources Sustainability? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Land-Use Change and Natural Resource Degradation -- 3 Land-Use Change and Watershed Hydrology -- 4 Land Use Change and Water Quality -- 5 The Dynamics of the Nutrient and Carbon Cycle in a Watershed -- 6 Integrated Watershed Management for Natural Resource Sustainability -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- 6 Soil and Water Conservation Planning Toward Sustainable Management of Upstream Watershed in Indonesia -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Problem Facing Upper Watershed Area in Indonesia -- 3 Soil and Water Conservation to Combat Soil Degradation -- 4 Development Micro Watershed Model -- 5 Participatory Planning of Upper Watershed Management -- 6 Collaborative Management to Guarantee Sustainability -- 7 Conclusions -- References -- 7 The Integration of Energy Planning and Urban Planning: A Synergies Analysis of the Achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Case Study: City of São Paulo -- 2.2 Design of Scenarios Modeled Through LEAP_SP -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 UEP and the Range of the SDGs -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- 8 Biopesticides and Sustainability in a Land Use Context -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Pesticides -- 2.1 Benefits and Disadvantages of Pesticides -- 3 European Union-Strategies and Regulations, a Brief Review -- 4 Biopesticides-The Solution? -- 5 Recent Works and Future Trends -- 6 Final Remarks -- References -- 9 Barriers to Sustainable Development in Agriculture -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Barriers to the Implementation of Sustainable Practices in Agriculture -- 3 Methods -- 4 Data Analysis and Findings -- 4.1 Perceived Semantic Barriers -- 4.2 Perceived Regulation Barriers -- 4.3 Perceived Individual Barriers. , 4.4 Perceived Macro-Systemic Barriers -- 4.5 Perceived Capital/Financial Barriers -- 4.6 Perceived Administrative/Organisational Barriers -- 5 Discussion -- 6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 10 Sustainability Practices and Motivation for Adopting Organic Pineapple Farming in the Ekumfi District of the Central Region of Ghana -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 2.1 Organic Farming -- 2.2 Sustainability Processes Under Organic Pineapple Farming -- 2.3 Farmer's Motivations for Engaging in Organic Farming -- 3 Study Area, Materials and Methods -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Background of Respondents -- 4.2 Motivations to Engage in Organic Farming -- 4.3 Sustainability Practices Undertaken by Organic Pineapple Farmers -- 5 Discussion -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- 11 The State of Agricultural Land Transformations in Asia: Drivers, Trade-Offs, and Solutions -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The State of Agricultural Land Transformations in Asia -- 2.1 Agricultural Land-Use Change -- 2.2 Agricultural Intensification -- 3 Drivers of Agricultural Land Use and Intensification -- 3.1 Drivers of Land-Use Changes -- 3.2 Drivers of Agricultural Intensification -- 4 Socio-Economic and Environmental Trade-Offs -- 5 Measures for Easing the Pressure on Land -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- 12 Sustainable Land Management Paradigm: Harnessing Technologies for Nutrient and Water Management in the Great Lakes Region of Africa -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Sustainable Land Management: Definition and Pillars -- 3 Land Degradation Impacts and Solutions Relevant in Water and Nutrient Management for Sustainable Land Management -- 4 Practices and Technologies for Sustainable Nutrient Management and Soil-Water Conservation -- 5 Technologies for Sustainable Nutrient Management -- 6 Physical, Biological and Agronomic Technologies for Soil and Water Conservation. , 7 Integrating Soil Water and Nutrient Management Technologies -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- 13 Novel Climate Smart Water and Nutrient Conservation Technologies for Optimizing Productivity of Marginal Coarse-Textured Soils -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Climate Smart Soil Water and Nutrient Conservation Technologies for Rainfed Agriculture -- 2.1 Biological Techniques -- 2.2 Physical Techniques for Conserving Water and Nutrients Endemic to Sub-Saharan Africa -- 2.3 Novel Double-Dug Beds for Coupling Soil Subsurface Water and Nutrient Retention -- 2.3.1 Case Study in Uganda -- 2.4 Integration of Methods -- 2.4.1 Agroforestry -- 2.4.2 Integration of Cropping with Livestock and Fisheries -- 3 Conclusion -- 4 Research Imperatives -- References -- 14 Rural Land-Use Planning and Livelihood Dynamics in Post-2000 Zimbabwe -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Conceptual Framework -- 3 Literature Review -- 4 The Impact of the Triple Challenges of Climate Change, Economic Stress and Urbanisation -- 5 Rural Development and Practice in Zimbabwe Since 2000 -- 5.1 Evidence from Gokwe Rural District -- 5.2 Evidence from Nkayi Rural District -- 5.3 Evidence from Chipinge Rural District -- 6 Discussion -- 7 Conclusion and Recommendations -- References -- 15 Identity and Environment: Historical Trajectories of 'Traditional' Communities in the Protection of the Brazilian Amazon -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Unpacking the Language: "Traditional Communities" -- 3 Indigenous Peoples of the Amazon -- 4 Amazonian Riverine Communities -- 5 Quilombolas Communities -- 6 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 16 Understanding and Defining Pathways for Ecosystems Services Decision Making, Sustainability and Livelihoods of Rural Communities of the Mozambique -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 The Case Study Area -- 2.2 Data Collection and Survey Design -- 2.3 Data Analysis. , 3 Results -- 3.1 Characterisation of Respondents -- 3.2 Socioeconomic and Well-Being Characterisation of the Communities -- 3.3 Ecosystem Services Benefits and Sustainability, Perceptions, and Values -- 3.4 Ecosystem Services Perception: Pearson's Chi-Squared Test Result -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- Appendix -- References -- 17 Addressing Rural Community's Risk Perceptions, Vulnerability, and Adaptation Strategies to Climate Change in Mozambique, Africa -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Study Area -- 2.2 Sampling and Data Collection -- 2.3 Data Analysis -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Characterisation and Profile of Rural Communities (Respondents) -- 3.2 Analysis of Exposure -- 3.2.1 Occurrence of Extreme Climate Events -- 3.2.2 Forest Cover Change -- 3.2.3 Rainfall Variability -- 3.2.4 Adaptive Capacity -- 3.2.5 Perception of Climate Change and Climate Extremes Events -- 3.2.6 Local Adaptation Strategies -- 4 Discussion -- 4.1 Exposure, Sensitivity, Risks and Perception of Rural Communities on Climate Change and Climate Extreme Events -- 4.2 Adaptation Strategies and Implications for Adaptation Planning -- 5 Conclusion -- 6 Supplementary Information -- References -- 18 Adaptive Management as a Vehicle to Achieve Sustainability of Boreal Forests: A Historical Review from Fennoscandia to Minnesota -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Forest Management in Sweden and Finland in the Nineteenth Century -- 3.2 Twentieth and Twenty First Century: Changing Values and Climate -- 3.3 Management of Boreal Forests in Minnesota -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 19 Environmental Issues and Urban Expansion-A Study of the Atibaia River Basin in São Paulo, Brazil -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Urbanization and Socio-Environmental Issues -- 3 Study Area -- 4 Methods -- 5 Results and Discussion. , 6 Final Considerations.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Climate Risks, Adaptation and Vulnerability in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia -- Introduction -- Climate Risks and Factors Contributing to Vulnerability in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia -- Study Area, Data, and Methodology -- Study Area and Data -- Methodology -- Results and Discussion -- Climate Risks Experienced in Past 10 Years -- Descriptive Statistics -- Factors Determining Climate Adaptation by Farmers -- Conclusion and Policy Recommendations -- References -- 2 Climate Modeling, Drought Risk Assessment and Adaptation Strategies in the Western Part of Bangladesh -- Introduction -- Data and Methods -- Selection of Study Area -- Data Sources -- Missing Data Estimation -- Trend Analysis Methods -- Prediction of Climate Variables -- Modeling Agricultural Drought Using Markov Chain -- Drought Proneness Index -- Drought Hazard Index (DHI) Calculation -- Calculation and Classification of Drought Vulnerability Index (DVI) -- Index of Drought Risk (DRI) -- Interpolation with GIS -- Results and Discussions -- Descriptive Statistics of Rainfall and Temperature -- Analysis of Mean Annual Rainfall -- Analysis of Mean Annual Rainfall in the Cropping Season -- Analysis of Mean Annual Temperature -- Analysis of Mean Annual Temperature in the Cropping Season -- Prediction of Annual Mean Temperature Using the ARIMA Model -- Agricultural Drought Modeling Using Markov Chain -- Spatial Distribution of the Seasonal Probability of Dry and Wet Weeks -- Seasonal Characteristics of DI Indices -- The Trend in Drought Index (DI) in Kharif Season -- The Trend in Drought Index (DI) in Pre-Kharif Season -- Annual Occurrences of Agricultural Drought -- Drought Hazard, Risk and Vulnerability Analysis -- Drought Hazard Index and Hazard Map -- Drought Susceptibility of Socio-economic and Physical Indicators -- Population Density. , Female to Male Ratio -- Literacy Rate -- People Reliant on Agriculture -- Irrigated Land to Cultivable Land -- Crop Production -- Drought Susceptibility -- Drought Risk -- Conclusions and Policy Recommendations -- References -- 3 Contextualizing Resilience Amidst Rapid Urbanization in Kenya Through Rural-Urban Linkages -- Introduction -- Rural-Urban Linkages and Climate Change -- Linear and Non-linear Linkages in the Rural-Urban Context -- Climate Change as a Threat-Multiplier -- Methods -- The Study Area -- Data Collection and Analysis -- Results and Discussion -- Anchorage of Rural-Urban Linkages in Kenya -- Status of the Road to Resilience in Kenya -- Conclusions and Policy Implications -- Pathways to Improved Resilience -- Policy Implications -- References -- 4 Modeling and Forecasting Climate Change Impact on Groundwater Fluctuations in Northwest Bangladesh -- Introduction -- Research Problem -- Objective of the Study -- Methods and Materials -- Study Area and Data Collection -- NARX Model Architecture -- Normalization -- Training Algorithms -- Data Preprocessing -- Evaluation of Performance -- Data Analysis and Discussion -- Trend of Annual Average Maximum Temperature -- Yearly Average Min Temperature Trend -- Yearly Mean Temperature Trend -- Yearly Mean Rainfall Trend -- Trend of Yearly Average Relative Humidity (%) -- Interaction of Climatic Indicators in Northwest Bangladesh -- Groundwater Table Depth: Temporal Analysis -- Modeling Results -- Major Findings -- Conclusions -- Recommended Policy -- References -- 5 Modeling Household Socio-Economic Vulnerability to Natural Disaster in Teesta Basin, Bangladesh -- Introduction -- Literature Review -- Methodology -- Study Area Description -- Techniques of Data Collection -- Indicators and Factors of the Study for SeVI -- Calculation Procedure of SeVI Model -- Calculation Procedure of IPCC-SeVI. , Results -- Adaptive Capacity Index of the Study Area -- Exposure Index of the Study Area -- Sensitivity Index of the Study Area -- IPCC-SeVI of the Study Area -- Overall and HHs SeVI Score -- Benefits of SeVI and IPCC-SeVI Approaches -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- Appendix -- References -- 6 Post-cyclone Occupational Vulnerabilities of Farmers in South-West Coastal Region of Bangladesh -- Introduction -- Methods -- Design -- Study Area -- Sampling and Participants -- Data Collection Tools and Data Collection -- Data Analysis -- Ethical Consideration -- Results and Discussion -- Theme 1: Pre-Cyclone Occupational Situation and Impact of Cyclone -- Theme 2: Post-Cyclone Occupational Vulnerabilities by Waterlogging and Salinity Intrusion -- Theme 3: Post-Cyclone Occupational Vulnerabilities: Sand Falling, Crisis of Irrigation Water and Loan Debt -- Theme 4: Impact of Occupational Vulnerabilities on Life and Adaptation to Climate Change -- Theme 5: Solution to Reduce Vulnerabilities -- Discussion -- Conclusion and Policy Recommendation -- References -- 7 Modeling of Greenhouse Gas Emission and Its Impact on Economic Growth of SAARC Countries -- Introduction -- Objectives of the Research -- Data and Method -- Data Source -- Time Series Models and Methods -- Results and Discussions -- Conclusions -- References -- 8 Agriculture and Climate Change in Nepal: GHG Emissions, Mitigation, Indications of Climate Change, Impact on Agriculture, Adaptation, and Co-benefits -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Results and Discussion -- Emissions of Greenhouse Gases -- Climate Change Mitigation from Agriculture and Forestry in Nepal -- Climate Change Indications and Impact on Agriculture -- Climate Change Adaptation in Agriculture Sector in Nepal -- Co-benefits Leading to Resilient Agriculture System -- Conclusion -- References. , 9 Vulnerability, Food Security and Adaptation to Climate Change of Coastal Rice Farmers in Bangladesh -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Description of the Study Area -- Sampling and Data Collection -- Measurement of Variables and Data Analysis -- Results and Discussion -- Livelihood Status and Institutional Accessibility -- Farmers' Perception About Vulnerabilities -- Food Security Status -- Coping Strategies -- Adaptation Strategies of Farmers -- Conclusion and Policy Implication -- References -- 10 What Influence Evacuation Decisions at Cyclone Shelters? Empirical Evidence from Bangladesh -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Study Area -- Data Collection -- Data Analysis -- Results and Discussion -- Socio-demographic Profile of the Respondents -- Changes in Settlement Pattern and the Cyclone Shelters in the Last 20 years -- Establishment of a Cyclone Shelter -- Spatial Distribution of Cyclone Shelters -- Factors that Influence Evacuation Decisions -- Impact of Factors on Evacuation Decisions -- Conclusion -- References -- 11 Assessment of Structural Weakness of Government Response to Natural Hazards -- Introduction -- Literature Review -- Methodology -- Geographical Features of the Study Areas -- Population and Sample -- Sampling Technique -- Data Collection -- Approaches to Analysis -- Data Processing -- Results and Discussion -- Governance Issues in Char Areas -- Status of Institutional Response -- Public Perception and Institutional Response to Flood Control -- Conclusion -- References -- 12 Ensemble Technique for Predicting Rainfall of Drought Vulnerability of Barind Track in Bangladesh -- Introduction -- Review of Literature -- Methodology -- Study Area -- Framework of the Study -- Sources of Data -- Data Preparation -- Modeling -- Model Evaluation -- Calculate Drought Index Based on Forecasted Data -- Results and Discussions -- Conclusions. , References -- 13 Riverbank Erosions, Coping Strategies, and Resilience Thinking of the Lower-Meghna River Basin Community, Bangladesh -- Introduction -- Resilience to Natural Hazards and Disasters -- Resilience Thinking -- Community Resilience -- Methods -- Study Area -- Results -- Impacts of Riverbank Erosions -- Coping Strategies and Responses to Riverbank Erosions -- Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- 14 Understanding the Climatic and Non-climatic Drivers of Livelihood Vulnerability in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Study Area -- Data Collection Approach and Methods -- Data Analysis Techniques -- Results and Discussion -- Identifying the Factors that Influence Livelihood Vulnerability -- Comparing the Importance of Stressors that Influence Livelihood Vulnerability -- Comparing the Importance of Livelihood Vulnerability Factors Across Villages -- The Impacts of Climatic Factors on Farmers' Lives and Livelihoods -- The Impacts of Non-climatic Factors on Farmers' Lives and Livelihoods -- Conclusion and Policy Recommendations -- References -- 15 Drivers of Vulnerability and Its Socio-economic Consequences: An Example of River Erosion Affected People in Bangladesh -- Introduction -- Research Context -- Review of Literature -- Methodology -- Research Context and Location -- Research Approach -- Research Method -- Data Collection Methods and Data Collection Instruments -- Sampling and Respondents -- Respondents' Profile -- Data Analysis Techniques -- Research Ethics -- Results -- Physical Vulnerability -- Economic Vulnerability -- Social Vulnerability -- Psychological Vulnerability -- Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- 16 Analyzing Influential Factors to Flood Resilience in the Northern Flood- Prone Rural Areas of Bangladesh -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Study Area -- Data Collection. , Data Analysis and Visualization.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Sustainable Development -- The Role of Indigenous Communities of Practice in Fostering Community Engagement and Partnerships for Sustainable Development in Africa -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Communities of Practice (CoPs) and Their Role in Community Engagement and Partnerships -- 3 The Link Between Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) and Sustainable Development -- 4 Indigenous Communities of Practice (iCoPs) as a Catalyst for Meaningful Community Engagement and Partnerships -- 5 Methodological Approach -- 6 Background and Context of the Two Identified iCoPs -- 7 Emerging Themes from Interviews -- 7.1 Meaning of Community Engagement (CE) -- 7.2 Sustaining Community Engagement and Partnerships Through Collaboration -- 7.3 Dialogue as a Way to Foster Community Engagement and Partnerships for Sustainable Development -- 7.4 Cultural Protocols as a Vital Aspect of CE and Partnerships -- 7.5 Language as a Key Element for Fostering Sustainable Development -- 8 Discussion and Implications for Sustainable Development -- 9 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Fostering University Contribution Towards Sustainable Development: The Instrumentality of Indigenous Knowledge System -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Engaging Indigenous Knowledge (IK) for Sustainable Development -- 3 Contextual Background -- 4 Findings -- 5 Discussion -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Relevance of Indigenous Knowledge Systems in Sustaining Agriculture Under Smallholder Farming in Sub-Saharan Africa -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Indigenous Knowledge and Its Role in Sustainable Agriculture and Development -- 3 Indigenous Knowledge Systems as a Key Driver of Resilience and Sustainability in Smallholder Agriculture of SSA -- 3.1 Labour and Capital -- 3.2 Land -- 3.3 Indigenous Managerial Skills in Crop and Livestock Production. , 3.4 Indigenous Nutrient Cycling and Soil Fertility Maintenance Strategies -- 3.5 Indigenous Soil and Water Conservation (ISWC) as a Strategy of Sustainable Land Management -- 3.6 Indigenous Irrigation Practices in Sub-Saharan Africa Agriculture -- 3.7 Indigenous Pest Management Approaches -- 4 Contribution of Indigenous Plant and Animal Genetic Resources to Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture in Smallholder Farming Systems of SSA -- 4.1 Indigenous Food Crops as Components of Food Systems and Sustainable Smallholder Farming in SSA -- 4.2 Role of African Indigenous Vegetables (AIV) in Small Scale Urban and Peri-Urban Agriculture -- 4.3 Indigenous Livestock and Their Role on the Sustainability of Smallholder Farming -- 5 The Power of Indigenous Knowledge Systems in Strengthening the Resilience of Smallholder Farming to Climate Change and Variability -- 6 African Indigenous Practices and Technologies of Post-Harvest Food Storage and Processing Enhance Household Food and Nutrition Security -- 7 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Women's Economic Empowerment for Sustainable Development through Indigenous Basket and Mat Weaving in Zimbabwe -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Women's Economic Empowerment and Sustainable Development -- 3 Addressing Women's Economic Empowerment -- 4 Non-formal Education and Informal Sector Employment -- 5 Theoretical Framework -- 6 Sample and Sampling Procedure -- 7 Methodology -- 8 Findings and Discussion -- 9 Non-formal Training of Indigenous Basket and Mat Weavers -- 10 Income Generation and Poverty Alleviation through Basket and Mat Weaving -- 11 Conclusion -- 12 Recommendations -- References -- The Role of Indigenous Social Protection Systems in the Sustainable Development of Contemporary African Communities -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Social Risk Management Framework -- 3 Indigenous Social Protection and Risk Management. , 3.1 Preventive Strategies: Age Grades -- 3.2 Mitigation Strategies - Rotating Savings and Credit Associations -- 3.3 Coping Strategies - Burial Societies -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Sustainable Quality Education Through Self-directed Multimodal Learning, for Open Indigenous Knowledge Co-creation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Sustainable Development and Education in Africa -- 3 Self-directed Multimodal Learning -- 3.1 Self-directed Learning and Lifelong Learning -- 3.2 From Multimodality to Multimodal Learning -- 4 Open Education -- 4.1 Open Educational Resources -- 4.2 Open Educational Resources and Sustainability -- 5 Indigenous Knowledge in Education -- 6 Fostering Sustainable Development in Education Through Self-directed Multimodal Learning for Open Indigenous Knowledge Co-creation -- 7 Recommendations -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- Integrating Indigenous Knowledge on Environmental Management Practices in the Teaching of Geography in Secondary Schools: A Case of Chimanimani Community in Zimbabwe -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background to the Study -- 2.1 Colonial Influences on Education and Environmental Sustainability -- 2.2 International Conventions and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) -- 2.3 Indigenous Methods on Sustainable Resource Management -- 2.4 Edward Said's Post-Colonial Theory -- 3 Statement of the Problem -- 4 Research Questions -- 5 Methodology -- 5.1 Research Design -- 5.2 Data Generation and Sampling Methods -- 5.3 Data Presentation and Analysis -- 5.4 Ethical Issues -- 6 Findings and Discussion -- 6.1 Indigenous Environmental Management Practices on Plant Species -- 6.2 Indigenous Environmental Practices on Animal Species -- 6.3 Indigenous Environmental Practices on Land Resources -- 6.4 Indigenous Environmental Practices on Weather and Climate Changes. , 6.5 Integrating IK on Environmental Management Practices with the Form 1-4 Geography Syllabus (2015-2022) -- 7 Conclusions -- 8 Recommendations -- References -- Sustainable Future for Early Childhood: Applying the African Ubuntu Philosophy to Contribute to the Holistic Development of Young Children -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Education for Sustainability in Early Childhood -- 3 Embedding Holistic Development in Ubuntu -- 3.1 Human Worth in Communal Relationships -- 3.2 Relationship Circle -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Educational Institutions, Approaches and Innovations -- Transdisciplinary Education: Enabling the Sustainable Development Goals Using the Fourth Industrial Revolution -- 1 Concept of Inequality -- 2 Research Context -- 3 Exploring the Constructs of Inequality -- 4 Exploring the Opportunity for Quality Education (SDG 4) to Reduce Inequality (SDG 10) -- 5 Transdisciplinary Methodologies to Accelerate Achieving SDGs -- 6 Accelerating the Attainment of the SDGs in the Context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Straddling the Divide: A Framework for Digital Skills Education in Support of Both the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the Fourth Industrial Revolution in South Africa -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Defining a Set of Consolidated Digital Skills for SDG and 4IR -- 3 Educational Implications of the Proposed Digital Skills Framework -- 3.1 Considerations Related to Scholarly Discourses on Digital Skills Education -- 3.2 SDG Education Implications -- 3.3 4IR Education Considerations -- 3.4 Implications for Digital Skills Education South Africa -- 4 Example: Digital Skills Education in South Africa Through NEMISA -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Case Study: Higher Education and the Education for Sustainable Development in Africa (ESDA) Program -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). , 3 Methodology -- 4 Education for Sustainable Development in Africa (ESDA) Academic Programs -- 4.1 Sustainable Urban Development (SUD) Programme -- 4.2 Sustainable Integrated Rural Development in Africa (SIRDA) Program -- 4.3 Mining and Mineral Resources (MMR) Program -- 5 The Next Generation Researchers (NGRs) Project -- 6 ESDA Sustainable Development Workshops -- 7 Key Lessons -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- The Challenges and Opportunities for Climate Change Education at Makerere University in Kampala Uganda -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Approach and Design -- 2.2 Sample Size and Sampling Procedures -- 2.3 Data Collection -- 2.4 Data Analysis and Interpretation -- 2.5 Ethical Considerations -- 3 Key Findings -- 3.1 The Study Context -- 3.2 Empirical Findings Regarding Challenges for Climate Change Education at Makerere University -- 3.3 Empirical Findings Regarding Opportunities for Climate Change Education at Makerere University -- 4 Discussion of Findings -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Possibilities of Translanguaging Pedagogy for Sustainable Education in Africa -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Current Practices of the Language of Instruction in Education -- 3 Translanguaging: The Concept -- 4 The Study -- 4.1 Participants -- 4.2 Data Collection -- 5 Findings -- 5.1 Reasons for Language Shift -- 5.2 Benefits of Translanguaging -- 5.3 Challenges with Translanguaging -- 6 Discussion -- 6.1 Reasons for Language Shift -- 6.2 Benefits of Translanguaging Pedagogy -- 6.3 Limitations of Translanguaging Pedagogy -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Sustainable Development Through the Lens of Partnerships for Inclusive Education in Africa: A Case Study from North West Province, South Africa -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Theoretical Framework -- 2 Sustainable Development (SD) -- 3 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) -- 4 Quality Education - SDG 4. , 5 Partnerships and Inclusive Education.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Phosphorus Removal from Municipal Wastewater by Electrocoagulation Associated with Biological Treatment -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Experimental Unit -- Mixed Liquid -- Experimental Procedure -- Kinetic Study -- Results and Discussion -- Kinetic Study for Phosphorous Removal -- Conclusion -- References -- 2 Evaluating Gaseous Emissions and Performance of a Spark-Ignited Non-road Engine Fueled with Gasoline, Ethanol and Adulterant Blends -- Introduction -- Material and Methods -- Fuel Blends, Properties and Experimental Apparatus -- Combustion Assays Varying the Fuel Blends and the Loads Applied to the System -- Statistical Analysis of the Experiment -- Results and Discussion -- Fuel Quality Parameters -- Exhaust Emissions-CO and THC -- Performance of the Engine-Generator Set -- Conclusions -- References -- 3 The Impact of Climate Change on Hydroelectric Resources in Brazil -- Introduction -- Originality of This Study Compared to Previous Works -- Hydroelectricity in the Northeast Region -- Methodology -- Rainfall and Streamflow Changes -- Results -- Rainfall and Streamflow -- The Case of the São Francisco Basin -- Conclusions -- References -- 4 Urban Gardens: Possibilities of Integration with Smart Practices -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Results -- Conclusion -- References -- 5 Mass Exchange in Dead Water Zones: A Numerical Approach -- Introduction -- Methods -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- 6 Potential for Application of the Biogas Produced from Manure of Dairy Cattle in a Cheese Factory -- Introduction -- Material and Methods -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- 7 The Importance of Green Area Maintenance for Greenhouse Gas Mitigation -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Carbon Dioxide Estimate -- Coverage and Land Use Mapping. , Obtaining Pedology and Past Vegetation -- CO2 Estimation Calculation -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- 8 The Treatment of Effluents in Promoting Sustainable Development: The Use of Led Lamps in the Process of Removal of Phosphorus in Effluents -- Introdução -- Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations Organization -- Phosphorus Balance in Effluents -- An Experimental Model of Effluent Phosphorus Removal -- Results and Discussions -- Final Considerations -- References -- 9 The Contributions of Urban Agriculture to the Promotion of Food Security in the Context of Climate Change: A Literature-Based Review -- Introduction -- Sustainable Cities -- Methodology -- Climate Change -- Food Security -- Urban Agriculture -- Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- 10 Structural Litigation in Environmental Protection Systemic Failures: A Perspective of the Brazilian Dam Collapses -- Introduction -- Structural Litigation -- Application in the Brazilian Dam Collapses -- Considerations -- References -- 11 Access to Food and Availability in Areas of Social and Environmental Vulnerability: Threats to Sustainable Development -- Introduction -- Food and Nutritional Safety in Brazil -- International Context of FNS -- Methodology -- Results and Discussion -- Considerations -- References -- 12 CAPEX and OPEX Evaluation of a Membrane Bioreactor Aiming at Water Reuse -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Membrane Bioreactor -- LCCA of the MBR -- CAPEX -- OPEX -- Results and Discussion -- Membrane Module -- Membrane Bioreactor -- CAPEX -- OPEX -- Final Remarks -- References -- 13 Evaluation of the Reduction Potential of Pollutant Emissions by Implementing the Start-Stop System in the Internal Combustion Vehicle Fleet of the City of São Paulo, Brazil -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Databases -- Yearly Vehicle Emission Calculation. , Investigated Fleet Annual Emissions Calculation -- Calculations of Yearly Potential Reduction of Pollutant Emissions by the Start-Stop System -- Calculation of the Percentage of Potential Reduction of Pollutant Emissions of the Fleet -- Calculation Considerations -- Results and Discussion -- Effects of Considered Values -- Conclusion -- References -- 14 Environmental Justice as a Tool for Dealing with Climate Change Impacts on Food Security in Brazil in the Context of WEF Nexus -- Introduction -- Environmental Justice -- Food Security and Stability -- Climate Change Impacts on the Wef Nexus in Brazil -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- 15 Environmental Impacts of the Brazilian Energy Mix-An LCA Approach to Past, Present, and Future Scenarios -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Definition of Goal and Scope -- Inventory Analysis -- Impact Assessment -- Results and Discussion -- Evolution of the Energy Mix -- Interpretation of the LCA Results -- Conclusions -- References -- 16 Food from Somewhere: School Kitchen Garden Programs, Food Sovereignty and Food System Resilience -- Introduction -- Food from Nowhere -- Food Sovereignty and Food Systems -- Food from Nowhere -- The Urbanization of Australian's Relationship with Food -- Health Impacts of Decreased Food Sovereignty and the Current Food Environment -- Resilience Within Food Systems-Strength Through Diversity -- Sustainability Transitions and Food System Resilience -- Research Aim and Methodology -- Results and Findings -- Increased Diversity of Households' Food Source Points -- Motivations and Barriers to Growing Food at Home -- Influencing the Participants' Relationship with Food -- Conclusion -- References -- 17 Towards an Analysis of Frugal Innovation: An Important Way to Achieve Sustainability -- Introduction -- Frugal Innovation -- Methodology Procedures. , Presentation, Analysis, and Discussion of Results -- Discussion of the Results -- Final Remarks -- References -- 18 The Beauty Industry and Solid Waste -- Initial Considerations -- The Cosmetics Industry Waste -- Textile Industry Waste -- Final Considerations -- References -- 19 The Importance of Women's and Girl's Education for the Achievement of Sustainable Development: A Literature-Based Review -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Women in Sustainable Development -- Women's Education -- Importance of Women's and Girl's Education for the Achievement of all the SDGS -- Conclusions -- References -- 20 A Comparative Environmental Assessment Between Fixed Bed Gasification Reactors and a Boiler Fueled with Biomass Waste -- Introduction -- Combustion and Gasification for Biomass Waste Treatment in Electricity Generation -- Materials and Methods -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- 21 Impacts of Green Tire Technology: Case Study of Environmental and Customer Perspectives -- Introduction -- Theme Presentation -- Objective -- Justification -- Methodology -- Theoretical Foundation -- World Tire Market -- Brazil's Tire Market -- Tire Environment Impact -- Green Tires -- Case Study -- Theme Discussion and Results -- Final Considerations -- Reviews and Comments -- Future Works -- References -- 22 Development of a Water Purifier Made from Green Coconut Fiber: Application of an Innovative Product -- Introduction -- Theoretical Framework -- Coconut Shell Reuse Possibilities -- Activated Charcoal (AC) -- Absorption -- Product Cost Analysis -- Design for Environment-DFE -- Ergonomic Analysis -- Methodology -- Results -- Definition of the Product -- Market Research -- Materials Analysis -- Cost Analysis -- Materials Cost Analysis -- Product Detailing -- Conclusion -- References. , 23 The Anthropocene: Conceptual Analysis with Global Climate Change, Planetary Boundaries and Gaia 2.0 -- Introduction -- Theoretical Reference -- Anthropocene and a Conceptual Analysis with Global Climate Change -- Anthropocene and Its Conceptual Analysis with Planetary Boundaries -- Methodology -- Analysis -- From Gaia to Gaia 2.0 -- Discussion -- Uncertainty: Anthropogenic Changes in Society -- Discovery: Understanding the New Terrestrial System -- Implementation: Operationalizing Planetary Boundaries -- Conclusion -- References.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Climate Change Models and Impacts -- Assessment of Future Climate Trend Based on Multi-RCMs Models and Its Impact on Groundwater Recharge of the Mediterranean Coastal Aquifer of Ghis-Nekkor (Morocco) -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Study Area -- 2.1 Characterization of Ghis-Nekkor Climate -- 2.2 Past Climate Trend -- 3 Data and Methodology -- 3.1 Climate Data -- 3.2 Limitations of the Study -- 3.3 Choice of Scenarios -- 3.4 Methodology -- 4 Results and Discussions -- 4.1 Projections of Precipitation and Temperature -- 4.2 Computing AI and SPI Indices -- 4.3 Impact of Climate Change on the Aquifer Groundwater Recharge -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Species Distribution Based-Modelling Under Climate Change: The Case of Two Native Wild Olea europaea Subspecies in Morocco, O. e. subsp. europaea var. sylvestris and O. e. subsp. maroccana -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Study Area -- 2.2 Occurrence Records -- 2.3 Current and Future Climatic Data -- 2.4 Habitat Suitability Modelling -- 2.5 Model Evaluation -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Climatic Variables Used for Maxent Models -- 3.2 Models Performance -- 3.3 Jackknife Test and Environmental Variable Importance -- 3.4 Predicted Habitat Suitability for the Olea europaea Subspecies in Morocco -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- The Frequency of Rare Cyclones in the Eastern Mediterranean and Northeastern Africa as a Sign of Climate Change Using Satellite Imagery, Climate Data Models and GIS-Based Analysis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data and Methods -- 2.1 Satellite Images -- 2.2 Climatic Models -- 2.3 Rain Data -- 3 Analysis and Discussion -- 3.1 Medicane Oct. 2019 -- 3.2 Dragon Mar. 2020 -- 3.3 Changing in Strength, Frequency, and Tracks of Cyclones Under Study About the General Behavior of the Atmospheric Depressions in Egypt. , 3.4 Factors Affecting the Occurrence of Rare Cyclones in Egypt -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Climate Change Impacts on Hydrology in the Mediterranean Part of Slovenia -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Study Area -- 2.2 Methods -- 3 Data -- 3.1 Climate Data -- 3.2 Hydrological Data -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Climate Variables -- 4.2 Hydrological Variables -- 4.3 Discharge Regimes -- 4.4 Floods -- 5 Discussion -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Climate Change Impacts and the Role of Forestry: Insights from the Mediterranean Region -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Paris Agreement-A Cleaner Path-Through Article 5 -- 3.2 Climate-Based Forest Policy in Mediterranean Countries -- 3.3 How Much do we Know About the Contribution of Forestry to Global Warming? -- 3.4 Forest Industry, a Brother in Arms Towards Climate Neutrality -- 4 Conclusions -- 5 Limitations -- References -- Energy Impacts on Climate Change: Issues, Challenges and Solutions with Clean Conversion Technology -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Climatic Overview in the Middle East and North Africa -- 2.1 Cause of Climate Change -- 2.2 Impact of Climate Change -- 2.3 Effect of Conventional and Renewable Resources on Power Generation -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Location Analysis -- 3.2 Block Diagram Analysis -- 3.3 Analysis of Case Study Data -- 3.4 Simulation Model Configuration -- 4 Result and Discussion -- 4.1 Production Analysis -- 4.2 Performance Analysis -- 5 Conclusion and Recommendations -- References -- Montenegro and World: Climate Change and Biodiversity Conservation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Aims and Objectives -- 3 Materials and Methods -- 4 World: Climate Change and Biodiversity -- 5 Montenegro: Brief Information -- 6 Results and Discussion -- 7 Conclusions -- 8 Recommendations -- References. , Portrayals of Climate Change and Drought in the Politically Oriented Turkish Press: Socialist, Islamist, and Nationalist Accounts of Extreme Weather in 2007 and 2014 -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Droughts in Turkey -- 1.2 Drought and Global Warming in the Media -- 1.3 Climate Change Policy and Communication in Turkey -- 2 Aims and Objectives -- 3 The Material and Method -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Ideology and Global Warming Coverage -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Climate Changes and Insolation in the Mediterranean Basin: The Case of Montenegro -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Aims and Objectives -- 3 Research Area, Data and Methodology -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- The Conservation Challenge of Traditional Agroecosystems in Morocco: The Case Study of Six Oases Agroecosystems -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Study Area -- 2.2 Agro-Diversity Surveys -- 2.3 Climate Change and Aridity Impacts on Traditional Oases Agroecosystems (TOAE) -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Composition of Traditional Oases Agroecosystems (TOAE) in Morocco -- 3.2 Oases Cropping System Characteristics -- 3.3 The Structure of TOAE in Morocco -- 3.4 Drought Incidence and Climate Change on Traditional Oases Agroecosystems -- 4 Discussion -- 4.1 Traditional Oases Agroecosystems -- 4.2 Drought Incidence in Traditional Oases Agroecosystems (TOAE) -- 4.3 Climate Change and the Challenge of Conservation -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience Initiatives -- Enhancing the Resilience of Oasis Agrosystems to Climate Change in Morocco -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Water Mobilization and Distribution in Oases -- 3 Land Management and Agricultural Production in Oases -- 4 Moroccan Oases and Climate Change -- 4.1 Climatic Characteristics of Moroccan Oases -- 5 Challenges Facing Moroccan Oases -- 6 Enhancing the Resilience of Moroccan Oases. , 6.1 Better Water Mobilization -- 6.2 Better Water Distribution and Use -- 6.3 Crops with High Value Added -- 6.4 Better Land Management -- 6.5 Better Animal Production -- 6.6 Encouraging Ecotourism and Valorisation of Local Products -- 6.7 Increasing Attractiveness -- 6.8 Improving Innovation Capacity -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Climate Change and Agricultural Production in Algeria -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Energy and Greenhouse Gas in Algeria -- 2.1 Energy -- 2.2 Greenhouse Gas Emissions -- 3 Algeria's National Climate Plan -- 3.1 Mitigation Actions -- 3.2 Adaptation Actions -- 4 Methodology -- 5 Data and Descriptive Analysis -- 6 Results and Discussion -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Ready for Climate Change? An Assessment of Measures Adopted by 45 Mediterranean Coastal Cities to Face Climate Change -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The EU Covenant of Mayors as the Framework of Analysis -- 3 Methodology -- 4 Actions at the Local Level in the Mediterranean -- 4.1 Croatia -- 4.2 Cyprus -- 4.3 France -- 4.4 Greece -- 4.5 Italy -- 4.6 Portugal -- 4.7 Spain -- 4.8 Turkey -- 5 Results and Discussion: Improving the Reduction of Emissions but Lagging in Adaptation Measures -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Climate Change or Climate Crisis? Investigating the Views of Forestry Students on the Causes, Consequences and Tools for the Mitigation of Climate Change -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Theoretical Background -- 3 Methodology -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Demographic Characteristics -- 4.2 Causes of Climate Change -- 4.3 Impacts of Climate Change -- 4.4 Measures for Confronting Climate Change -- 5 Discussion -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Development of a Water Security Index Incorporating Future Challenges -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Conceptualizing an Index for Water Security -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Calculating the WSI. , 3.2 Applying the WSI Index -- 3.3 Representing Future Scenarios in the Water Security Index -- 3.4 Data Challenges -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- An Approach to Adapting Urban Drainage Design to Climate Change: Case of Northern Morocco -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Concept and Principles -- 2.2 Study Area and Data Analysis -- 2.3 Peak Discharge Assessment -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Mainstreaming Climate Change Adaptation into Water Development Plan Case of Morocco -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology and Tool -- 2.1 Combination of Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches -- 2.2 Adopted Strategy -- 2.3 Design of the TMCC's Steps -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Presentation of the Loukkos and Tensift River Basins -- 4 Limitations -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Consumption Patterns and Public Attitudes Toward Organic Foods: The Role of Climate Change Awareness -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Data Selection -- 2.2 Measures -- 2.3 Methodology -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Descriptive Analysis -- 3.2 Factors Analysis Results -- 3.3 Cluster Analysis Results -- 3.4 Ordered Probit Model Results -- 4 Discussion -- 4.1 Limitations -- 5 Concluding Remarks -- Appendix -- References -- Climate Change in Lebanon and the Impact to Water Resources -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Aims and Objectives -- 3 Materials and Methods -- 4 Climate of Lebanon -- 5 Results and Discussion -- 5.1 Climate Parameters Variation -- 5.2 Origin of Climate Change -- 5.3 Impact of Climate Change to Water Resources -- 6 Conclusions -- 7 Recommendations -- 8 Limitations of the Work -- References -- Enhancing Urban Microclimates Towards Climate-Resilient Cities: The Potential of Courtyards -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Materials and Methods -- 2.2 Study Areas -- 3 Results and Discussion. , 3.1 The Relevance of Courtyards in the Two Mediterranean Cities.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Sustainable Concerns, Beliefs and Values -- 1 Sustainability Perception of Lotic and Lentic Ecosystems in the Amazon Basin Through the Lens of a Local Community -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Overview of Ecosystem Services of Rivers and Lakes -- 1.1.1 Lotic and Lentic Resources: Rivers and Lakes and Human Use -- 1.2 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 6, 10, 14 and 15 -- 2 Methodological Procedures -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Analysis of the Interviews with Community Citizens -- 3.2 Study Area Assessment Regarding Infrastructures for the Implementation of Geotourism Activity -- 3.2.1 Mucajaí River -- 3.2.2 Manoel Lake -- 3.2.3 Cosmildo Lake -- 3.3 Tourism Infrastructure -- 4 Final Remarks -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 2 Measuring Environmental Concern of Urban Green Spaces' Users (UGSU) Through the Application of the New Ecological Paradigm Scale (NEPS): Evidence from a Southern European City -- 1 Introduction-Towards a (Not) New Ecological Paradigm -- 2 A View of the NEPS Origin and Application -- 3 Methodological Procedure -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Sample Profile -- 4.2 Exploratory Factor Analysis -- 4.3 Descriptive Analysis -- 5 Final Remarks -- Acknowledgements -- Funding -- References -- 3 Sustainable Development Goals in Portuguese Speaking Countries: The Perspective of Environmental Education Experts -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Characterising EE Experts and Their Institutions: EA2CPLP -- 3 EE Contexts and Approaches in Lusophone Countries -- 4 Children and Youth: Roles and Agency in EE -- 5 Dual Context: The Pandemic and Agenda 2030 -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Ocean Literacies: Splashing Around on the Beach or Venturing into the Dark Abyssal Sea -- 1 Introduction -- 2 A Little History of "Sustainability" and "Sustainable Development" -- 3 Education as a Solution for Social and Environmental Problems. , 4 Knowledge, Human/Ocean Relationships and Ocean-Based Human Activities -- 5 The Roles of Education -- 6 Solidarity with Fishing Peoples to Co-create Literacies on the Ocean -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- 5 Beliefs and Values Towards Sustainable Development in the Age of Covid-19 -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Vision of International Organizations -- 3 The Vision of States -- 4 The Vision of the Civil Society -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- 6 Environmental Agenda, Legislative Power and Social Participation: An In-Depth Analysis of the Commission on the Environment and Sustainable Development in Brazil -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Structure. The System of Legislative Commissions in Brazil and the CMADS -- 3 Actors. Participants at the CMADS Public Hearings -- 4 Action. The Participation Process Within the CMADS -- 5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 7 Time is Needed for Raising Non-trivial Sociological and Technological Collaborations in Research: Scientists' Views on Interdisciplinarity Approaches -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Theoretical Framework -- 3 Method -- 3.1 Strengths of Interdisciplinarity: Building up Different Visions of Future -- 3.2 Constraints to Make Interdisciplinarity Effective: Issues of Policy and Style -- 3.3 Challenges to Reach Interdisciplinarity in Practice -- 3.4 Ways to Move Forward and Improve Interdisciplinarity -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Final Considerations -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Interdisciplinary Approaches and Methodologies -- 8 Environmental and Health Research Methodologies: Integrating a Transdisciplinary Approach in a Higher Education Cross-Cutting Curricular Unit -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Environmental and Health Research Methodologies-A Proposal -- 3.1.1 Literacy and the Indivisibility of Science in Transdisciplinary Research. , 3.1.2 The Different Approaches and Context of Research Methodologies Applied to the Environment and Health -- 3.1.3 Practical Design of a Methodological Strategy for Applied Research in Environment and Health -- 3.1.4 Environmental and Health Sciences Syllabus Implementation -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- 9 Behavioural Mapping of Urban Green Spaces Users: Methodological Procedures Applied to Corujeira Garden (Porto, Portugal) -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Socioecology in Cross-Cutting Issues Research -- 1.2 Behavioural Mapping: Emergence, Consolidation and Overview of Its Usefulness and Advantages in Socioecology Research -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Study Area -- 2.2 Protocol Design -- 2.2.1 Step 1-Base Map Creation -- 2.2.2 Step 2-Observation Categories and Codes Definition -- 2.2.3 Step 3-Development of an Observation Schedule -- 2.2.4 Step 4-Observation Procedure Definition -- 2.2.5 Step 5-Training Observers and Pre-test -- 2.3 Data Analysis -- 3 Results and Discussion: Preliminary Outcomes of BM Applied in Corujeira Garden -- 4 Final Remarks -- Acknowledgements -- Funding -- References -- 10 Climate Change and Gender-Based Violence: Outcomes, Challenges and Future Perspectives -- 1 Emerging Climate Change and Gender Disparity -- 2 (In)direct Effects of Climate Changes on Gender-Based Violence -- 3 Practical Implications and Further Challenges -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- 11 Supporting Urban Climate Adaptation Governance Through Citizen Sensing -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Risk, Uncertainty and Urban Climate Adaptation -- 3 The Role of Citizen Sensing in Urban Climate Adaptation Governance -- 4 Insights for Improving Urban Climate Adaptation Governance -- 5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 12 Ecological Walk: A Proposed Digital Game to Reduce Solid Waste and Safeguard Marine Ecosystems in Brazil -- 1 Introduction. , 2 2030 Agenda-The Integration of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) -- 3 Digital Games and Their Importance in the Learning Process -- 4 Materials and Methods -- 5 Results and Discussion -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- 13 Designing Healthier Cities. An Empirical Study of the Ecosystem Functioning and Mortality in the Districts of Turin (Italy) -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 The City of Turin -- 2.2 Habitat Quality and Habitat Decay -- 2.3 Accessibility to Urban Green Areas -- 2.4 Mortality Rates for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Diseases -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Habitat Quality and Decay -- 3.2 Accessibility to Green Areas -- 3.3 Mortality Rates -- 3.4 General Results -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- 14 Sustainable Solutions in Urban Health: Transdisciplinary Directions in Urban Planning for Global Public Health -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Urban Health -- 2.1 Mental Health -- 2.2 Physical Health -- 2.3 Health of Communities -- 3 Directions in Sustainable Urban Health -- 3.1 Researcher -- 3.2 Policy Makers -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- 15 We Know One Health, but We also Need One Communication -- 1 Introduction -- 2 One Health and Sustainable Development Goals -- 3 Communication in One Health-Needs and Gaps -- 4 One Communication-Our Experience -- 4.1 Food Safety-The Case of Listeriosis -- 4.2 Zoonoses-The Case of Hydatidosis -- 4.3 Environmental Health-The Case of Vector-Borne Zoonoses -- 5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 16 Positive Ecological Psychology: Contributes to the Promotion of Healthy Lives and Well-Being -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Subjective Well-Being and Environment -- 3 Relatedness to Nature and Environmental Protection -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- 17 Social Responsibility and Bioethics in Higher Education: Transversal Dialogues -- 1 Introduction. , 2 Social Responsibility and Health: Interfaces with Health Promotion and Sustainability -- 3 Social Responsibility and Higher Education -- 4 Social Responsibility and Bioethical Approach -- 5 Cross-Cutting Dialogues -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- 18 A Review on the Cultural Ecosystem Services Provision of Urban Green Spaces: Perception, Use and Health Benefits -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Material and Methods -- 2.1 Search Strategy and Eligibility Criteria -- 2.2 Data Extraction -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Overview of the Studies -- 3.2 Qualitative Syntheses of the Reviewed Literature -- 3.2.1 CES Recognition and Social Perception by UGS Users -- 3.2.2 Motivations and Uses Related to CES by UGS Users -- 3.2.3 Wellbeing: Impacts on Physical and Mental Health -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- Funding -- References -- 19 Land for Life in Brazil: Conservation and People -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 3 Theoretical Framework -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 5 Final Remarks -- References -- 20 Methodology for Assessing the Impact of Environmental Determinants on Human Health: Case Study of Atmospheric Industrial Pollution in Urban Communities-Manaus/Amazonas/Brazil -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Evaluation Methodology -- 2.1 Exploratory Method -- 2.2 Descriptive Method -- 2.3 Integrated Model -- 3 Case Study -- 3.1 Domain -- 3.2 Methodology -- 3.2.1 Application of the Exploratory Method -- 3.2.2 Application of the Descriptive Method -- 3.2.3 Criteria for Inclusion of Interviewed in Applied Methods -- 3.2.4 Risks Relating to the Application of the Methods Used -- 3.2.5 Integrated Application -- 4 Expected Results -- 5 Final Remarks -- Acknowledgements -- Appendix 1: Epidemiological Exploratory Survey -- Appendix 2: Quantitative Description Model -- References. , 21 Social Inequity and Health: From the Environment to the Access to Healthcare in Composite Indicators, the Portuguese Case.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- Climate Change and Food Production Aspects -- Global Climate Agreements and Policy Translation in the Brazilian Agriculture: More of the Same -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Actors and Interactions in the Translation of the International Climate Agenda in the ABC Plan and Program -- 3.2 Ideas and Discourses to Legitimize the ABC Plan and Program -- 3.3 The Translation of the Climate Agenda in the ABC Plan and Program from an Institutional Perspective -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- The Journey of Darjeeling Tea Gardens Over Decades in the Eyes of the Satellite -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Data and Preprocessing -- 2.2 Feature Analysis and Selection -- 2.3 Classification Using Machine Language Algorithm -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- A New Diet: News on Food Habits and Climate Change -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Background -- 2 Object and Methodology -- 2.1 Object -- 2.2 Research Methods -- 3 Analysis of the Media Source -- 3.1 Dissemination of the PHD by the EAT-Lancet -- 3.2 The PHD in the Guardian -- 3.3 The PHD on BBC News and the Repercussions in Brazil -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Perspectives and Limitations of Urban Agriculture in Transition Economies: A Case Study in Bosnia and Herzegovina -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Urban Agriculture-Concepts, Integrated Multifunctional Benefits and Obstacles -- 1.2 Research Method -- 2 Results and Discussion -- 3 Conclusion -- Annex 1 -- References -- Integrated Assessment Tools in Support of Futuristic Climate Change Towards Rice Production in Nigeria -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Background -- 1.2 Virtual Water, Food and Trade Nexus -- 1.3 Rice Production Background -- 2 Related Work -- 2.1 Basic Soil-Water-Plant Relationship -- 2.2 Futuristic Climate Scenario Models. , 2.3 Integrated Assessment Tools -- 3 Research Design and Methodology -- 3.1 Methodology -- 4 Key Research Findings -- 4.1 Rice Growing Index Concerning Morphoclimatic Variation -- 4.2 Climatic Variation Impacts on Annual Streamflow -- 4.3 Assessing Rice Cultivation Among the Varying Climatic Datasets Lengths -- 5 Key Results Implication -- 6 Conclusions and Recommendations -- 7 Limitation of the Study -- References -- Climate Change in the Horn of Africa Drylands: Domestication of Yeheb as a Climate-Smart Agricultural Mitigation Strategy to Protect the Regional Food Chain -- 1 Climate Change, Livelihoods and the Horn of Africa -- 1.1 The Somali Peninsula, the Home of Yeheb -- 2 Yeheb, a Candidate for Climate-Smart Agriculture -- 2.1 Adaptation of Yeheb to the Environment -- 2.2 Productivity of Yeheb -- 2.3 Mitigation Potential -- 2.4 Challenges and Threats to Yeheb -- 3 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Food Security and Climate Change Readiness: Navigating the Politics of Dams, Irrigation and Community Resilience in Zimbabwe -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Conceptual Framework -- 3 Literature Review -- 3.1 Food Security and Climate Change Readiness -- 3.2 The Politics of Dams, Irrigation and Community Resilience -- 4 Research Methodology -- 5 Results and Discussion -- 5.1 Case Studies of Tokwe Mukosi and Zambezi Water Project -- 5.2 Discussion -- 6 Conclusion and Policy Options -- References -- Edible Flora as a Sustainable Resource for World Food -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Centers of Origin and Domestication of Plants -- 2.1 Prospects for Food Production -- 2.2 Panorama of Food and Nutrition Security -- 3 Edible Flora as a Resource for Consumption -- 3.1 Edible Plants Within Agricultural Sustainability -- 3.2 Flora Diversity and Climate Change -- 4 Conclusions -- References. , The Utility of Agri-Compatible Virtual Resource Flows for Food Security Policy and Strategy Under Climate Change -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Resource Scarcity -- 1.2 Trade, Virtual Resource Flows, and Food Security -- 1.3 Aim and Objectives -- 2 Virtual Water -- 2.1 The Origin and Nature of the Concept -- 2.2 Conceptual Promise and Limitations -- 3 Agri-Compatibility -- 3.1 The Framework and Its Requirements -- 3.2 Utility for Policy Under Climate Change -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Yield Sensitivity of Some Crops to Climatic Factors and Enterprise Models for Adoption of Maize Breeds in Nigeria -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 3 Test of Stationarity (Unit Root Test) -- 4 Cointegration Test -- 5 Results and Discussion -- 6 Time Series Results -- 7 Regression Results -- 8 The Maize Varieties for Climate Change Mitigation -- 9 Climatic Patterns Capable of Influencing Farming System for Increased Output -- 10 The Proposed Models for Cultivation of the New Improved Maize Varieties in Nigeria -- 11 Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations -- 12 Limitation of the Study -- 13 Future Research -- References -- Dietary Shifts to Mitigate Climate Crises: Barriers, Motivations and Willingness -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Food Consumption Trend Analysis: Health and Climate Impact -- 2.1 Animal-Sourced Food Consumption -- 2.2 Nutrition Transition: Unfavorable Dietary Impact -- 3 Diet: Healthy Versus Climate-Smart -- 3.1 Transitional and Traditional Diets: Environmental Impact -- 3.2 Locally Produced Food -- 4 Food Choice and Human Behavior -- 4.1 Pro-Environmental Behavior Change -- 4.2 Motivations -- 4.3 Drivers -- 4.4 Willingness -- 4.5 Barriers -- 5 Food Waste and Loss -- 5.1 Technical Interventions -- 5.2 Non-Technical Interventions -- 6 Concluding Remarks -- 6.1 Future Research Perspectives -- 6.2 Key Messages -- References. , Integrating Remotely Sensed Soil Moisture in Assessing the Effects of Climate Change on Food Production: A Review of Applications in Crop Production in Africa -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Importance of Remotely Sensed Soil Moisture and Its Implications for Farmer Preparedness to Climate Variability -- 1.2 Seasonal and Long-Term Monitoring of Soil Moisture for Improving Farmers' Preparedness to Climate Variability -- 1.3 Effects of Soil Type and Soil Cover on RS-Based SM Estimation -- 1.4 The Role of Major RS Systems in SM Estimation -- 2 Bibliometric Assessment of Publications on RS of SM in Africa -- 2.1 Literature Search -- 2.2 Content Analysis -- 3 Available RS-Based SM Estimation Approaches, Challenges and Developments -- 3.1 Available RS-Based SM Estimation Approaches -- 3.2 Challenges Confronting RS of SM -- 3.3 Developments in RS-Based Crop Production Orientated SM Estimation -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Impact of Climate Variability on Maize Production in South Africa -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Annual Rainfall and Temperature Analysis -- 3.2 Maize Production Analysis -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Climate Change and Food Production Aspects -- Adaptation Processes and Approaches -- Hybrid Application of LCA to Analyze the Global Warming Potential of Food Supply Chain -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Decision Support Tools for Analyzing Sustainability -- 3 Life Cycle Assessment -- 3.1 Goal and Scope Definition -- 3.2 Inventory Analysis -- 3.3 Impact Assessment -- 3.4 Interpretation of Results -- 4 Global Warming Potential Calculation in LCA -- 5 Food Supply Chain -- 6 LCA Contribution Toward Sustainable Food Production -- 6.1 Application of LCA by Farmers -- 6.2 Using LCA by Food Processing -- 6.3 LCA Results for Consumers -- 7 GWP of Meat Alternatives -- 8 Hybrid LCA in FSC. , 9 Hybrid LCA for Climate Change Mitigation of FSC -- 10 Conclusions -- References -- The Challenges of Food Sovereignty's Program by Global Climate Change in Tropical Ecosystem in Indonesia -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Material and Methods -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Tropical Forest and Biodiversity -- 3.2 Biodiversity of Tropical Agricultural and Food Commodities -- 3.3 Food in Tropical Ecosystem -- 3.4 Bioeconomy and Strategies for Food Security -- 3.5 Food Supply Chain -- 3.6 Indonesian Food Sovereignty -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Climate Change Risk Assessment and Adaptation Measures in the Food Supply Chain-Perceptions and Responses of Buying Firms -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Conceptual Background -- 3 Research Method -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Climate Change Vulnerabilities of Food Supply Chains -- 4.2 Adaption to Climate Change Impacts in Food Supply Chains -- 5 Discussion -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Consumers' Motivations Towards Environment-Friendly Dietary Changes: An Assessment of Trends Related to the Consumption of Animal Products -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Background -- 1.2 Chapter Objectives -- 1.3 Chapter Outline -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Data Acquisition -- 2.2 Data Pre-processing -- 2.3 Problem Formulation -- 2.4 Classification Method -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Salient Trends in the Survey Results -- 3.2 Classification Results -- 3.3 The Role of Environmental Concerns -- 3.4 Achievements and Limitations of the Study -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Environmental Impact of Climate Change on Crop Production -- 1 Introduction -- 2 High Temperatures Altering Crop Yields -- 3 Impacts on Pest Management -- 4 Impact of High CO2 Concentration on Grain Quality -- 5 Mitigation Strategies in Combating Climate Change Effects -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Climate Change Effects on Agricultural Production Systems in México. , 1 Introduction.