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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cadmium in finnish breast milk, a longitudinal study (1983)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 53 (1983), S. 207-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Milk ; Human ; Cadmium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry was employed to analyse cadmium in breast milk. Twenty breast milk samples were donated by seven mothers during 6 months of lactation. All milk samples represented every feeding during a period of 24 h, having foremilk an hindmilk in equal proportions. The median cadmium concentration in the 1st month was 2.0 μg/l (range 1.7–3.1 μg/l, 7 samples) and then declined to 1.5 μg/l (range 1.3–2.5 μg/l, 7 samples) and 1.6 μg/l (range 1.2–2.0 μg/l, 6 samples) in the 3rd and 6th months, respectively. At the age of 1 and 3 months when the infants were totally breast fed the average weekly intake of cadmium was 2.7 and 1.5 μg/kg. This is below the provisional tolerable weekly intake of man, from 6.7 to 8.3 μg/kg, proposed by WHO.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00316504
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The impact of an industrially contaminated lake on heavy metal levels in its effluent stream (1980)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 69 (1980), S. 187-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Cadmium ; zinc ; pollution ; sediment ; water ; fish ; clams ; macrophytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Levels of cadmium and zinc in various components of Williamson Ditch (an industrially contaminated stream flowing into Palestine Lake), Trimble Creek (a stream draining Palestine Lake) and the Tippecance River (a river receiving Trimble Creek) were determined. Water, sediment, plant, fish and clam samples were analyzed for cadmium and zinc content by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Unweighted mean metal concentrations in Trimble Creek were the following: water, 51 µg Zn/1 and 4.2 µg Cd/1; sediment, 592 µg Zn/g and 48.8,µg Cd/g; plants, 375 µm Zn/g and 7.91 µg Cd/g; fish, 145 µg Zn/g and 6.02 µg Cd/g. These concentrations were generally lower than those found in Williamson Ditch and higher than those found in the Tippecanoe River or background levels previously reported for other aquatic ecosystems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00016549
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of the three-ridge clam (Amblema perplicata) to monitor trace metal contamination (1981)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 83 (1981), S. 67-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Cadmium ; zinc ; pollution ; molluscs ; monitoring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The three-ridge clamAmblema perplicata was used to monitor two streams for the presence of zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) derived from an industrial source. Clams were collected from a relatively uncontaminated area in one river and transported to four study sites in the two contaminated streams. The clams were placed into polyethylene cages and left in these streams for one week. Control clams were treated in a similar manner and left in the uncontaminated river. The highest mean concentration of Zn (956 µg/g dry wt) was found in the gill tissue of clams from the most contaminated site. The highest mean Cd concentration (18.6 µg/ g dry wt) was found in digestive glands of clams, also from the most contaminated site. Mean concentrations at contaminated sites were significantly higher than background and control levels; the findings suggest that these particular organs of clams may be useful in monitoring levels of Zn and Cd in other freshwater systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02187151
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Statistische Synthesen von Rotaxanen (1980)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 113 (1980), S. 941-954 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Statistical Syntheses of RotaxanesThe acetalisation of the 28-membered cyclic diols 11a, b with the long-chain dibromo ketone 12 gives acetals 13a, b. These compounds react with triphenylmethyllithium to give 17a, b and 18a, b from which the rotaxanes 20a, b are obtained in 0.066 or 0.18 and 0.12% yield, respectively, after hydrolysis of the acetal bonds. The reacetalisation of rotaxane 20b affords, by an intraannular reaction, the prerotaxane 18b in pure form.
    Notes: Die Acetalisierung der 28-gliedrigen cyclischen Diole 11a, b mit dem langkettigen Dibromketon 12 ergibt die Acetale 13a, b. Nach Umsetzung mit Triphenylmethyllithium zu 17a, b und 18a, b werden nach Hydrolyse der Acetalbindungen die Rotaxane 20a, b in Ausbeuten von 0.066 und 0.18 bzw. 0.12% als farblose Öle isoliert. Durch Reacetalisierung von 20b wird in einer intraannularen Reaktion das Prärotaxan 18b in reiner Form erhalten.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19801130314
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    2-Pyridylhydrazone als Carbonylderivate zur Steuerung der Fragmentierung in der MassenspektrometrieHerrn Prof. Dr. Walter Boguth zum 65.Geburtstag gewidmet (1982)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 65 (1982), S. 1038-1044 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2-Pyridylhydrazones as Carbonyl Derivatives to induce Fragmentation in Mass SpectrometryIt was found that the 2-pyridylhydrazone is a derivative of the carbonyl group, which is able to induce fragmentation of an alicyclic skeleton with an efficiency comparable to that of the tertiary amino group and the ethylene acetal group.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19820650336
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metering Pumps. Selection and Application. Von P. Poynton. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York - Basel 1983. 1. Aufl., XV, 216 S., zahlr. Abb. u. Tab., geb., SFr. 88,-. (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 56 (1984), S. 62-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330560121
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduktive Spaltung von 2,2-Dialkyl-1,3-benzodioxol-Derivaten mit Diisobutylaluminiumhydrid. Synthese eines [2]-Catenans mit einem 22-gliedrigen Makroheterocyclus (1980)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 113 (1980), S. 3697-3705 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reductive Cleavage of 2,2-Dialkyl-1,3-benzodioxole Derivatives with Diisobutylaluminium Hydride. Synthesis of a [2]-Catenane having a 22-Membered MacroheterocycleThe reductive cleavage of the title compounds 1 with diisobutylaluminium hydride in refluxing benzene or toluene affords, after hydrolysis, pyrocatechol derivatives 8 and a mixture of alkenes 6 and alkanes 7. When the reaction is performed at room temperature, the pyrocatechol monoalkyl ethers 4 are obtained after hydrolysis. Starting from the precatenane 9, the catenane 12 having a 22-membered macroheterocycle is synthesised in a reaction sequence of several steps.
    Notes: Die reduktive Spaltung der Titelverbindungen 1 mit DIBAH in siedendem Benzol oder Toluol ergibt nach Hydrolyse Brenzcatechin-Derivate 8 und ein Gemisch von Alkenen 6 und Alkanen 7. Die Reaktionsführung bei Raumtemperatur ergibt Brenzcatechin-monoalkylether 4. Ausgehend von dem Praecatenan 9 wird in einer mehrstufigen Reaktionsfolge das Catenan 12 mit einem 22-gliedrigen Makroheterocyclus synthetisiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19801131203
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elektronenmikroskopische und mikroanalytische Untersuchungen zur Veränderung der übermolekularen Struktur von mit Natriumhydroxid-Lösungen und Schwefelsäure behandelter Cellulose (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 33 (1982), S. 43-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The changes and the conditions of destruction of the supramolecular structure of cellulose caused by the action of NaOH and sulfuric acid of different concentration have been investigated by electron microscopy. With different kinds of cellulose the destruction of the microfibrillar structure was observed to occur within various ranges of concentration. The crystalline structures formed by the treatment with the reagents were investigated by electron diffraction and their elemental composition was determined by x-ray microanalysis.
    Notes: Durch elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen werden die Veränderung der übermolekularen Struktur der Cellulose bei der Einwirkung von NaOH und Schwefelsäure unterschieflicher Konzentration verfolgt und die Bedingungen ihrer Zerstörung ermittelt. Die Zerstörung der mikrofibrillaren Struktur durch NaOH-Lösungen bzw. Schwefelsäure liegt bei den einzelnen Cellulosetypen in verschiedenen Konzentrationsbereichen. Die durch die Behandlung mit den Reagenzien gebildeten kristallinen Gebilde werden mittels Röntgenmikroanalyse auf ihre Elementzusammensetzung und mittels Elektronenbeugung auf ihre kristalline Struktur untersucht.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1982.010330109
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nicotinates as derivatives for the mass spectrometric investigation of long chain alcohols (1981)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 16 (1981), S. 118-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of the nicotinates of two methyl branched and one unsaturated long chain alcohol were compared with the mass spectra of the underivatized alcohols and of their trimethylsilyl ethers. It is shown that the structure of the chain is much more clearly shown by the spectra of the nicotinates than in the other spectra.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210160304
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthese, Isolierung und Identifizierung translationsisomerer [3]CatenaneDiese Arbeit wurde von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft und dem Fonds der Chemischen Industrie unterstützt. (1981)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 93 (1981), S. 197-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19810930216
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