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  • GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel  (1)
  • Geological Society of London  (1)
  • Springer  (1)
  • Kiel : GEOMAR, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung
  • 2020-2022  (3)
Document type
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
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    RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO277 OMAX: Offshore Malta Aquifer Exploration, Emden (Germany) – Emden (Germany), 14.08. – 03.10.2020 (2021)
    GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel
    In:  GEOMAR Report, N. Ser. 057 . GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, Kiel, Germany, 139 pp.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-20
    Description: SO277 OMAX served two scientific projects. The objectives of the first project, SMART, were to develop multi-disciplinary methodologies to detect, quantify, and model offshore groundwater reservoirs in regions dominated by carbonate geology such as the Mediterranean Sea. To this end we acquired controlled-source electromagnetic, seismic, hydroacoustic, geochemical, seafloor imagery data off Malta. Preliminary evaluation of the geophysical data show that there are resisitivity anomalies that may represent offshore freshwater aquifers. The absence of evidence for offshore springs means that these aquifers would be confined and that it will be difficult to use them in a sustainable manner. The objective of the second project, MAPACT-ETNA, is to monitor the flank of Etna volcano on Sicily which is slowly deforming seaward. Here, we deployed six seafloor geodesy stations and six ocean bottom seismometers for long-term observation (1-3 years). In addition, we mapped the seafloor off Mt. Etna and off the island of Stromboli to constrain the geological processes that control volcanic flank stability.
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_57_20
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    OceanRep: Report - Cruise Report
  • 2
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    Volcanic-Island Lateral Collapses and Their Submarine Deposits (2021)
    Springer
    In:  In: Volcanic Debris Avalanches. , ed. by Roverato, M., Dufresne, A. and Procter, J. Springer, Cham, pp. 255-279, 25 pp. ISBN 978-3-030-57411-6
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-19
    Description: Landslide deposits offshore many volcanic islands provide evidence of catastrophic lateral collapses. These deposits span a larger volume range than their continental equivalents, and can generate devastating tsunamis. All historical volcanic-island lateral collapses have occurred in arc settings, and have been characterised by rapid failure and efficient tsunami generation. The varied morphology of their deposits is influenced both by lithological properties and the nature of the substrate. Many deposits show evidence of extensive seafloor erosion and transformation into debris flows, and the propagation of frontally-confined sediment deformation beyond and beneath the primary deposit. Mobilised volumes can far exceed that of the initial failure, and accurate deposit interpretation requires internal geophysical imaging and sampling. Around intraplate ocean-island volcanoes, multi-unit turbidites suggest that lateral collapses may occur in discrete stages; although this would reduce their overall tsunamigenic potential, the volumes of individual stages of collapse remain very large. Numerical models of both landslide and tsunami processes in ocean-island settings are difficult to test, and the smaller collapses that typify island arcs are an important focus of research due to their higher global frequency, availability of direct failure and tsunami observations, and a need to better understand the signals of incipient collapse to develop approaches for tsunami hazard mitigation.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-57411-6_10
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    OceanRep: Book chapter
  • 3
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    Geomechanical behaviour of gassy soils and implications for submarine slope stability - a literature analysis (2020)
    Geological Society of London
    In:  In: Subaqueous Mass Movements and their Consequences: Advances in Process Understanding, Monitoring and Hazard. , ed. by Georgiopoulou, A. Special Publications Geological Society London, 500 . Geological Society of London, London, pp. 277-288.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-21
    Description: Submarine slope failures pose a direct threat to seafloor installations and coastal communities. Here, we evaluate the influence of free gas on the soil’s shear strength and submarine slope failures in areas with gassy soils based on an extensive literature review. We identify two potential destabilization mechanisms: gas bubbles in the pore space lead to a reduced shear strength of the soil and/or gas induces excess pore pressures that consequently reduce the effective stress in the soil. Our evaluation of the reported mechanical and hydraulic behaviour of gassy sediments indicates that the unfavourable impact of entrapped gas on a soil’s shearing resistance is not sufficient to trigger large scale slope failures. Liquefaction failure due to high gas pressures is, however, a viable scenario in coarse-grained soils. Transferring the gas influence on the soil mechanical behaviour to constitutive models is identified as the most important prerequisite for a successful future analysis of slope stability.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1144/SP500-2019-149
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    OceanRep: Book chapter
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