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  • 2020-2022  (2)
  • 1985-1989  (1)
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  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/8860 | 403 | 2012-06-14 17:12:27 | 8860 | United States National Marine Fisheries Service
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: We propose a new equation to describe the relation betweenotolith length (OL) and somatic length (fork length [FL]) of fish for the entire lifespan of the fish. The equation was developed by applying a mathematical smoothing method based on an allometric equation with a constant term for walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) —a species that shows an extended longevity (〉20 years). The most appropriate equation for defining the relation between OL and FL was a four-phase allometric smoothing functionwith three inflection points. The inflection points correspond to the timing of settlement of walleye pollock,changes in sexual maturity, and direction of otolith growth. Allometric smoothing functions describing therelation between short otolith radius and FL, long otolith radius and FL, and FL and body weight were also developed. The proposed allometric smoothing functions cover the entirelifespan of walleye pollock. We term these equations “allometric smoothing functions for otolith and somatic growth over the lifespan of walleye pollock.”
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 447-456
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  • 2
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    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/8984 | 403 | 2012-08-03 19:03:11 | 8984 | United States National Marine Fisheries Service
    Publication Date: 2021-06-30
    Description: Walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) is widely distributed in the North Pacific Ocean and plays an important role in coastal subarctic ecosystems. The Japanese Pacific population of this species is one of the most important demersal fishes for commercial fisheries in northern Japan. The population is distributed along the Pacific coast of Hokkaido and the Tohoku area (Fig. 1), which is the southern limit of distribution of the species in the western North Pacific. In Funka Bay, the main spawning ground for this population, pollock spawn from December to March (Kendall and Nakatani, 1992). Planktonic eggs and larvae are transported into the bay, where juveniles usually remain until late July when they reach 60−85 mm in total length (Hayashi et al., 1968; Nakatani and Maeda, 1987). These juvenile pollock then migrate from Funka Bay eastward to the Doto area off southeastern Hokkaido (Honda et al., 2004). Many studies on eggs, larvae, and juveniles of the species have been conducted in or near Funka Bay, but little information is available on the ecology of the early life stages in the Tohoku area. Hashimoto and Ishito (1991) suggested that eggs are transported from Funka Bay southward to the Tohoku area by the coastal branch of the Oyashio Current, but there has been no study to verify this hypothesis.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 468-475
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Depuis octobre 1976, les auteurs ont traité 81 malades porteurs d'un cancer biliaire. Cinquante d'entre eux présentaient un cancer qui prenait son origine et/ou infiltrait les canaux biliaires principaux dont 5 cancers de la partie haute ou de la partie moyenne de l'arbre biliaire, 19 de la partie moyenne et de la partie intra-pancréatique, 7 diffus. Cinquante des 81 lésions furent réséqués. Des 50 opérés: 33 furent traités par exérèse isolée à titre curatif ou palliatif, 14 par exérèse et irradiation per-opératoire, 3 par irradiation externe post-opératoire. Trente et un des 81 malades ne subirent pas d'exérèse: 6 furent traités par irradiation intra-opératoire, 4 par irradiation externe après mise en place d'un drainage biliaire, 21 par simple drainage. La survie à 5 ans fut de 59.3% après exérèse curative. La survie à plus de 2 ans fut de 17.1% après exérèse palliative complétée par irradiation et de 9% après simple exérèse. Un seul malade survécut 34 mois après irradiation opératoire et drainage biliaire. Au début de cette expérience thérapeutique combinant l'exérèse et l'irradiation opératoire, 9 malades dévelopèrent des complications sévères dues en particulier à l'obstruction des artères hépatiques. Ultérieurement en employant une seule dose de 20 grays, un champ d'irradiation plus petit (3.7±1.4 cm) et une source plus forte d'energie (7.3±3.0 MeV). Ces complications furent évitées et 2 malades sur 5 bénéficièrent d'un longue survie. Récemment à l'irradiation peropératoire a été ajoutée une irradiation externe fractionnée (30–40 grays/4–5 semaines). Ces résultats démontrent que l'exérèse palliative de la tumeur associée à l'irradiation interne peropératoire et à l'irradiation externe postopératoire est susceptible d'améliorer le pronostic du cancer biliaire parvenu à un stade évolutif avancé.
    Abstract: Resumen A partir de octubre de 1976, hemos tratado 81 pacientes con cáncer de la vía biliar. Cincuenta de estos pacientes presentaban cáncer que se originaba y/o infiltraba los canales hepáticos principales. Cinco tenían cáncer de la región superior a media, 19 de la región media a la intrahepática, y los restantes 7 presentaban tumores de extensión difusa. Cincuenta de los 81 pacientes fueron sometidos a resección. De los 50, 33 fueron tratados mediante resecciones curativas o no curativas solamente, 14 mediante resección más radioterapia intraoperatoria (RTIO), y los 3 restantes recibieron radioterapia externa postoperatoria. Treinta y uno de 81 pacientes no fueron sometidos a resección. De estos, seis tuvieron RTIO y 4 radioterapia externa después de drenaje biliar. Los 21 restantes tuvieron drenaje biliar solamente. La resección curativa logró la mejor tasa de supervivencia acumulada a 5 años, 59.3%. La RTIO más resección no curativa exhibió una tasa de supervivencia a 2 años de 17.1%, superior a la de 9.0% de los pacientes sometidos a resección solamente. Con la RTIO combinada con drenaje biliar, sólo un paciente sobrevivió más de 2 años y murió a los 34 meses. En la etapa inicial de desarrollo de la terapia combinada de resección y RTIO, se presentaron complicaciones severas en 9 pacientes así tratados, incluyendo alteraciones severas de las arterias hepáticas. En la etapa siguiente, la resección combinada con RTIO de dosis única (20 Gy) utilizando un campo de menor extensión (3.7±1.4 cm) y menor energía (7.3±3.0 MeV) no resultó en complicaciones y produjo 2 supervivencias a largo plazo entre 5 pacientes. Recientemente se ha añadido la irradiación externa fraccionada (30–40 Gy/4–5 semanas) a la RTIO. Los resultados indican que la resección no curativa más RTIO en combinación con irradiación externa podrían mejorar el pronóstico del paciente con cáncer avanzado de la vía biliar.
    Notes: Abstract Since October, 1976, we have treated a total of 81 patients with bile duct cancer. Fifty of these patients had cancer that originated at and/or infiltrated into the main hepatic ducts. Five patients had cancer on the upper to middle portion, 19 on the middle to intrapancreatic bile duct, and the remaining 7 had diffusely involved tumors. Fifty of the 81 patients underwent resections. Of the 50 patients, 33 received curative or noncurative resection alone, 14 were treated by resection plus intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT), and the remaining 3 received postoperative external irradiation. Thirty-one of the 81 patients did not undergo tumor resection. Of these, 6 had IORT and 4 underwent external radiotherapy after bile drainage. The remaining 21 underwent bile drainage alone. Curative resection achieved the best cumulative 5-year survival rate of 59.3%. IORT plus noncurative resection showed a superior 2-year survival rate of 17,1% compared to 9.0% after noncurative resection alone. Only 1 patient treated by IORT plus bile drainage survived more than 2 years and subsequently died at 34 months. In the earlier stage of the development of the combination therapy with resection and IORT, severe complications were experienced in 9 patients (so treated), including remarkable obstructive changes of the hepatic arteries. In the later stage, resection plus IORT with a reduced single dose (20 Gy), using a smaller field size (3.7±1.4 cm) and beam energy (7.3±3.0 MeV), did not result in complication and produced 2 long-term survivors among 5 patients. Fractionated external irradiation (30–40 Gy/4–5 weeks) has been added to the IORT recently. These results indicate that noncurative resection plus IORT in combination with external radiation would improve the prognosis of the patient with advanced bile duct cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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