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  • 2020-2022  (1)
  • 2010-2014  (75)
  • 1995-1999  (89)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Onset of permanent stratification in the subarctic Pacific Ocean (1999)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 401 (1999), S. 779-782 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The surface waters of the modern subarctic Pacific Ocean are isolated from the nutrient-rich waters below by a steep vertical gradient in salinity (halocline), a feature which is a dominant control on upper-ocean stratification in polar environments. The physical processes which maintain the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/44550
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Late Quaternary changes in surface water and deep water masses of the Nordic Seas and north-eastern North Atlantic: a review (1995)
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 84 (1995), S. 89-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Keywords: Paleo-oceanography ; Abrupt climatic change ; Deep-sea micropaleontology ; Late Quaternary ; North Atlantic ; Atlantic Salinity Conveyor Belt
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Quantitative and semiquantitative proxy data based on more than 200 core-top samples and 100 deep-sea cores lead to important new insights about late Quaternary changes in paleo-oceanography, climate and microfaunal habitats in the north-eastern North Atlantic and Nordic Seas, insights resulting from a detailed investigation by the Kiel research project SFB 313/132 summarized in this paper. Planktonic foraminifera species provide reliable tracers of past sea surface temperatures and currents. The genus Beella in particular was found to trace subtropical water masses up to the far north. Benthic foraminifera species served as sensors of bottom currents and local flux rates of organic matter. New orders of time resolution are reached via stable isotope stratigraphy and accelerator mass spectrometry carbon-14 dating, allowing the identification of meltwater events lasting a few hundred years and shorter, a time range where, however, the yet unquantified role of bioturbation presents a growing problem. Based on this high-resolution stratigraphy a number of ‘time slices’ (synoptic time intervals) are defined to reconstruct the incursion of Atlantic water masses, to map paleocurrent patterns within the Nordic Seas and the north-eastern North Atlantic and to test alternative circulation models — for example, for the last glacial maximum (LGM) and various meltwater episodes. These are clearly coeval with Dansgaard-Oeschger events found in Greenland ice cores, with the actual cause of the flickering climate as yet unknown. Likewise, there is ongoing controversy about the extent of past sea-ice cover and about possible changes from the present anti-estuarine to estuarine mode of deep water exchange between the North Atlantic and the Nordic Seas during the LGM. South of Iceland, however, the history of deep water renewal over the last glacial cycle covering the last 30000 years was largely deciphered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00192244
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
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    Peak glacial 14C ventilation ages suggest major draw-down of carbon into the abyssal ocean (2013)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
    In:  Climate of the Past, 9 (6). pp. 2595-2614.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-27
    Description: Ice core records demonstrate a glacial–interglacial atmospheric CO2 increase of ~ 100 ppm, while 14C calibration efforts document a strong decrease in atmospheric 14C concentration during this period. A calculated transfer of ~ 530 Gt of 14C-depleted carbon is required to produce the deglacial coeval rise of carbon in the atmosphere and terrestrial biosphere. This amount is usually ascribed to oceanic carbon release, although the actual mechanisms remained elusive, since an adequately old and carbon-enriched deep-ocean reservoir seemed unlikely. Here we present a new, though still fragmentary, ocean-wide Δ14C data set showing that during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS-1) the maximum 14C age difference between ocean deep waters and the atmosphere exceeded the modern values by up to 1500 14C yr, in the extreme reaching 5100 14C yr. Below 2000 m depth the 14C ventilation age of modern ocean waters is directly linked to the concentration of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). We propose as a working hypothesis that the modern regression of DIC vs. Δ14C also applies for LGM times, which implies that a mean LGM aging of ~ 600 14C yr corresponded to a global rise of ~ 85–115 μmol DIC kg−1 in the deep ocean. Thus, the prolonged residence time of ocean deep waters may indeed have made it possible to absorb an additional ~ 730–980 Gt DIC, one third of which possibly originated from intermediate waters. We also infer that LGM deep-water O2 dropped to suboxic values of 〈 10 μmol kg−1 in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean, possibly also in the subpolar North Pacific. The deglacial transfer of the extra-aged, deep-ocean carbon to the atmosphere via the dynamic ocean–atmosphere carbon exchange would be sufficient to account for two trends observed, (1) for the increase in atmospheric CO2 and (2) for the 190‰ drop in atmospheric Δ14C during the so-called HS-1 "Mystery Interval", when atmospheric 14C production rates were largely constant
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.5194/cp-9-2595-2013
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Dr. Ilse Seibold, née Usbeck, 1925–2021: Considered by many as a consecutive memory of major geoscientists (2021)
    Springer
    In:  (In Press / Accepted) International Journal of Earth Sciences .
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-30
    Description: Summary of Ilse Seibold's vita Ilse Seibold, née Usbeck, was born May 8, 1925 in Breslau, Silesia, and went to school in Halle/Saale during WW2. She started her studies of geology and paleontology at the University of Halle and at the Humboldt University in Berlin, and later at the University of Tübingen, where she received her doctorate as micropaleontologist in 1951 with Otto Schindewolf as her supervisor. She remained active as productive scientist over many decades. In 1952, she married Dr. Eugen Seibold, who in 1958 became professor at Kiel University, founded one of Europe's most important institutes for marine geology, and later became president of the German Science Foundation (DFG), and subsequently of the European Science Foundation (ESF). Being a scientist herself Ilse Seibold soon evolved to a deeply reflective insider of geological sciences. She followed her husband during his scientific career from his appointments in Tübingen, Bonn, Karlsruhe, Kiel, to Bonn and Strasbourg/Freiburg i.Br. She accompanied Eugen on his sabbatical leave at Scripps Institution of Oceanography in La Jolla, CA. She participated in countless international scientific meetings. Together with Eugen she published many papers that document her independence and autonomy as scientist. She gained deep insights into the origins of the geosciences and their historical evolution, up to the ideas of fine arts. We are happy that she documented in her publications a broad range of her scientific and distinguished-humane impressions.
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s00531-021-02052-6
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - without review
  • 5
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    Technical note: Late Pliocene age control and composite depths at ODP Site 982, revisited (2012)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
    In:  Climate of the Past, 8 (1). pp. 79-87.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 982 provided a key sediment section at Rockall Plateau for reconstructing northeast Atlantic paleoceanography and monitoring benthic δ18O stratigraphy over the late Pliocene to Quaternary onset of major Northern Hemisphere glaciation. A renewed hole-specific inspection of magnetostratigraphic reversals and the addition of epibenthic δ18O records for short Pliocene sections in holes 982A, B, and C, crossing core breaks in the δ18O record published for Hole 982B, now imply a major revision of composite core depths. After tuning to the orbitally tuned reference record LR04, the new composite δ18O record results in a hiatus, where the Kaena magnetic subchron might have been lost, and in a significant age reduction for all proxy records by 130 to 20 ky over the time span 3.2–2.7 million years ago (Ma). Our study demonstrates the general significance of reliable composite-depth scales and δ18O stratigraphies in ODP sediment records for generating ocean-wide correlations in paleoceanography. The new concept of age control makes the late Pliocene trends in SST (sea surface temperature) and atmospheric pCO2 at Site 982 more consistent with various paleoclimate trends published from elsewhere in the North Atlantic.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.5194/cp-8-79-2012
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 6
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    Variations in Atlantic surface ocean paleoceanography, 50°-80°N: A time-slice record of the last 30,000 years (1995)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Paleoceanography, 10 (6). pp. 1063-1094.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-28
    Description: Eight time slices of surface-water paleoceanography were reconstructed from stable isotope and paleotemperature data to evaluate late Quaternary changes in density, current directions, and sea-ice cover in the Nordic Seas and NE Atlantic. We used isotopic records from 110 deep-sea cores, 20 of which are accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS)-14C dated and 30 of which have high (〉8 cm /kyr) sedimentation rates, enabling a resolution of about 120 years. Paleotemperature estimates are based on species counts of planktonic foraminifera in 18 cores. The δ18O and δ13C distributions depict three main modes of surface circulation: (1) The Holocene-style interglacial mode which largely persisted over the last 12.8 14C ka, and probably during large parts of stage 3. (2) The peak glacial mode showing a cyclonic gyre in the, at least, seasonally ice-free Nordic Seas and a meltwater lens west of Ireland. Based on geostrophic forcing, it possibly turned clockwise, blocked the S-N flow across the eastern Iceland-Shetland ridge, and enhanced the Irminger current around west Iceland. It remains unclear whether surface-water density was sufficient for deepwater formation west of Norway. (3) A meltwater regime culminating during early glacial Termination I, when a great meltwater lens off northern Norway probably induced a clockwise circulation reaching south up to Faeroe, the northward inflow of Irminger Current water dominated the Icelandic Sea, and deepwater convection was stopped. In contrast to circulation modes two and three, the Holocene-style circulation mode appears most stable, even unaffected by major meltwater pools originating from the Scandinavian ice sheet, such as during δ18O event 3.1 and the Bölling. Meltwater phases markedly influenced the European continental climate by suppressing the “heat pump” of the Atlantic salinity conveyor belt. During the peak glacial, melting icebergs blocked the eastward advection of warm surface water toward Great Britain, thus accelerating buildup of the great European ice sheets; in the early deglacial, meltwater probably induced a southward flow of cold water along Norway, which led to the Oldest Dryas cold spell.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/95PA01453
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    Peak glacial 14C ventilation ages suggest major draw-down of carbon into the abyssal ocean (tables) (2013)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: text/x-tex
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: text/x-tex
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: text/x-tex
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 8
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    Supplementary data (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-28
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/zip
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 9
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    Deep water formation in the North Pacific and deglacial CO2 rise (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Rae, James W B; Sarnthein, Michael; Foster, Gavin L; Ridgwell, Andy; Grootes, Pieter Meiert; Elliott, Tim (2014): Deep water formation in the North Pacific and deglacial CO2 rise. Paleoceanography, 29(6), 645-667, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013PA002570
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: Deep water formation in the North Atlantic and Southern Ocean is widely thought to influence deglacial CO2 rise and climate change; here we suggest that deep water formation in the North Pacific may also play an important role. We present paired radiocarbon and boron isotope data from foraminifera from sediment core MD02-2489 at 3640 m in the North East Pacific. These show a pronounced excursion during Heinrich Stadial 1, with benthic-planktic radiocarbon offsets dropping to ~350 years, accompanied by a decrease in benthic d11B. We suggest this is driven by the onset of deep convection in the North Pacific, which mixes young shallow waters to depth, old deep waters to the surface, and low-pH water from intermediate depths into the deep ocean. This deep water formation event was likely driven by an increase in surface salinity, due to subdued atmospheric/monsoonal freshwater flux during Heinrich Stadial 1. The ability of North Pacific Deep Water (NPDW) formation to explain the excursions seen in our data is demonstrated in a series of experiments with an intermediate complexity Earth system model. These experiments also show that breakdown of stratification in the North Pacific leads to a rapid ~30 ppm increase in atmospheric CO2, along with decreases in atmospheric d13C and D14C, consistent with observations of the early deglaciation. Our inference of deep water formation is based mainly on results from a single sediment core, and our boron isotope data are unavoidably sparse in the key HS1 interval, so this hypothesis merits further testing. However we note that there is independent support for breakdown of stratification in shallower waters during this period, including a minimum in d15N, younging in intermediate water 14C, and regional warming. We also re-evaluate deglacial changes in North Pacific productivity and carbonate preservation in light of our new data, and suggest that the regional pulse of export production observed during the Bølling-Allerød is promoted by relatively stratified conditions, with increased light availability and a shallow, potent nutricline. Overall, our work highlights the potential of NPDW formation to play a significant and hitherto unrealized role in deglacial climate change and CO2 rise.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 7 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    Stable isotope analysis and age model of sediment core SU92-21 (1997)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-12
    Keywords: Age model; Calculated; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ13C; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ18O; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Event label; Le Suroît; PALEOCINAT II; PC; Piston corer; SU92; SU92-21
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 63 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
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