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  • American Meteorological Society  (3)
  • 2020-2024  (3)
  • 2022  (3)
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  • American Meteorological Society  (3)
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Language
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  • 2020-2024  (3)
Year
  • 2022  (3)
Subjects(RVK)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Global Distributions of Tropospheric and Stratospheric Gravity Wave Momentum Fluxes Resolved by the 9-km ECMWF Experiments
    American Meteorological Society ; 2022
    In:  Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences Vol. 79, No. 10 ( 2022-10), p. 2621-2644
    Details
    In: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 79, No. 10 ( 2022-10), p. 2621-2644
    Abstract: Based on 20-day control forecasts by the 9-km Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) at the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) for selected periods of summer and winter events, this study investigates global distributions of gravity wave momentum fluxes resolved by the highest-resolution-ever global operational numerical weather prediction model. Two supplementary datasets, including 18-km ECMWF IFS experiments and the 30-km ERA5, are included for comparison. In the stratosphere, there is a clear dominance of westward momentum fluxes over the winter extratropics with strong baroclinic instability, while eastward momentum fluxes are found in the summer tropics. However, meridional momentum fluxes, locally as important as the above zonal counterpart, show different behaviors of global distribution characteristics, with northward and southward momentum fluxes alternating with each other especially at lower altitudes. Both events illustrate conclusive evidence that stronger stratospheric fluxes are found in the ECMWF forecast with finer resolution, and that ERA5 datasets have the weakest signals in general, regardless of whether regridding is applied. In the troposphere, probability distributions of vertical motion perturbations are highly asymmetric with more strong positive signals especially over latitudes covering heavy rainfall, likely caused by convective forcing. With the aid of precipitation accumulation, a simple filtering method is proposed in an attempt to eliminate those tropospheric asymmetries by convective forcing, before calculating tropospheric wave-induced fluxes. Furthermore, this research demonstrates promising findings that the proposed filtering method could help in reducing the potential uncertainties with respect to estimating tropospheric wave-induced fluxes. Finally, absolute momentum flux distributions with proposed approaches are presented, for further assessment in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-4928 , 1520-0469
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JAS-D-21-0173.1
    DOI: 10.1175/JAS-D-21-0173.s1
    RVK:
    UA 4800
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 218351-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2025890-2
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mesoscale Gravity Waves and Midlatitude Weather: A Tribute to Fuqing Zhang
    American Meteorological Society ; 2022
    In:  Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Vol. 103, No. 1 ( 2022-01), p. E129-E156
    Details
    In: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 103, No. 1 ( 2022-01), p. E129-E156
    Abstract: Over the course of his career, Fuqing Zhang drew vital new insights into the dynamics of meteorologically significant mesoscale gravity waves (MGWs), including their generation by unbalanced jet streaks, their interaction with fronts and organized precipitation, and their importance in midlatitude weather and predictability. Zhang was the first to deeply examine “spontaneous balance adjustment”—the process by which MGWs are continuously emitted as baroclinic growth drives the upper-level flow out of balance. Through his pioneering numerical model investigation of the large-amplitude MGW event of 4 January 1994, he additionally demonstrated the critical role of MGW–moist convection interaction in wave amplification. Zhang’s curiosity-turned-passion in atmospheric science covered a vast range of topics and led to the birth of new branches of research in mesoscale meteorology and numerical weather prediction. Yet, it was his earliest studies into midlatitude MGWs and their significant impacts on hazardous weather that first inspired him. Such MGWs serve as the focus of this review, wherein we seek to pay tribute to his groundbreaking contributions, review our current understanding, and highlight critical open science issues. Chief among such issues is the nature of MGW amplification through feedback with moist convection, which continues to elude a complete understanding. The pressing nature of this subject is underscored by the continued failure of operational numerical forecast models to adequately predict most large-amplitude MGW events. Further research into such issues therefore presents a valuable opportunity to improve the understanding and forecasting of this high-impact weather phenomenon, and in turn, to preserve the spirit of Zhang’s dedication to this subject.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-0007 , 1520-0477
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0005.1
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029396-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 419957-1
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Vertical Wavelengths of Downward Phase Propagating Gravity Waves Determined by Vertical Fluctuation of Idealized Radiosonde Balloons
    American Meteorological Society ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology Vol. 39, No. 9 ( 2022-09), p. 1283-1295
    Details
    In: Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 39, No. 9 ( 2022-09), p. 1283-1295
    Abstract: This paper investigates the limitation in calculating the vertical wavelength of downward phase propagating gravity waves from the vertical fluctuation of idealized radiosonde balloons in a homogeneous background environment. The wave signals are artificially observed by an idealized weather balloon with a constant ascent rate. The apparent vertical wavelengths obtained from the moving radiosonde balloon are compared to the true vertical wavelength obtained from the dispersion relation, both in the no-wind case and in the constant-zonal-flow case. The node method and FFT method are employed to calculate the apparent vertical wavelength from the sounding profile. The difference between the node apparent vertical wavelength and the true vertical wavelength is attributed to the fact that the ascent rate of the balloon and the downward phase speed induce a strong Doppler-shifting bias on the apparent vertical wavelength from the observation records. The difference between the FFT apparent vertical wavelength and the true vertical wavelength includes both the Doppler-shifting bias and the mathematical bias. The extent to which the apparent vertical wavelength is reliable is discussed. The Coriolis parameter has negligible effects on the comparison between the true vertical wavelength and the apparent one. Significance Statement The purpose of this study is to discuss the Doppler-shifting bias induced by the ascent rate of radiosonde balloon when measuring the apparent vertical wavelengths of downward phase propagating gravity waves from the vertical fluctuation of idealized radiosonde balloons. This is an easily omitted problem. However, it can dramatically affect the gravity wave diagnosis when the ascent rate profile is treated as a quasi-instantaneous data. Further, such uncertainty could lead to remarkable errors in other derived wave propagating properties (e.g., phase velocity, which is the key input parameter in gravity wave parameterization).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0739-0572 , 1520-0426
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JTECH-D-21-0137.1
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021720-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 48441-6
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
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