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  • 1
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    Pilot study to investigate the effect of long-term exposure to high pCO2 on adult cod (Gadus morhua) otolith morphology and calcium carbonate deposition (2021)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: To date the study of ocean acidification on fish otolith formation has been mainly focused on larval and juvenile stages. In the present pilot study, wild-captured adult Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) were exposed to two different levels of pCO2, 422µatm (ambient, low pCO2) or 1091µatm (high pCO2), for a period of 30 weeks (from mid-October to early April 2014–2015) in order to study the effects on otolith size, shape and CaCO3 crystallization amongst other biological parameters. We found that otoliths from cod exposed to high pCO2 were slightly smaller (− 3.4% in length; − 3.3% in perimeter), rounder (− 2.9% circularity and + 4% roundness) but heavier (+ 5%) than the low pCO2 group. Interestingly, there were different effects in males and females; for instance, male cods exposed to high pCO2 exhibited significant changes in circularity (− 3%) and roundness (+ 4%) compared to the low pCO2 males, but without significant changes on otolith dimensions, while females exposed to high pCO2 had smaller otoliths as shown for length (− 5.6%), width (− 2%), perimeter (− 3.5%) and area (− 4.8%). Furthermore, while the majority of the otoliths analysed showed normal aragonite deposition, 10% of fish exposed to 1091µatm of pCO2 had an abnormal accretion of calcite, suggesting a shift on calcium carbonate polymorph crystallization in some individuals under high pCO2 conditions. Our preliminary results indicate that high levels of pCO2 in adult Atlantic cod might affect otolith growth in a gender-specific way. Our findings reveal that otoliths from adult cod are affected by ocean acidification, and we believe that the present study will prompt further research into this currently under-explored area.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    Impaired larval development at low salinities could limit the spread of the non-native crab Hemigrapsus takanoi in the Baltic Sea (2021)
    Inter Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: The Asian shore crab Hemigrapsus takanoi, native to the northwest Pacific Ocean, was recently discovered in Kiel Fjord (southwestern Baltic Sea). In laboratory experiments, we tested the salinity tolerance of H. takanoi across 8 levels (0 to 35) and across 3 life history stages (larvae, juveniles and adults) to assess its potential to invade the brackish Baltic Sea. Larval development at different salinities was monitored from hatching to the megalopa stage, while survival and feeding of juveniles and adults were assessed over 17 d. Larvae of H. takanoi were able to complete their development to megalopa at salinities 〉= 20 and the time needed after hatch to reach this stage did not differ between salinities of 20, 25, 30 and 35. At a salinity of 15, larvae still reached the last zoea stage (zoea V), but development to the megalopa stage was not completed. All juveniles and adults survived at salinities from 5 to 35. Feeding rates of juveniles increased with increasing salinity across the entire salinity range. However, feeding rates of adults reached their maximum between salinities of 15 and 35. Our results indicate that both juveniles and adults of H. takanoi are euryhaline and can tolerate a wide range of salinities, at least for the time period tested (2 wk). However, larval development was impaired at salinities lower than 20, which may prevent the spread of H. takanoi into the Baltic Proper.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Continuous water temperature, salinity, oxygen and pH data in front of GEOMAR Pier, Kiel, Germany (2014-2019) (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-17
    Description: 2014-2019: Since September 2014, temperature, salinity, pH (only 2014-2015) and oxygen data were additionally logged in 10-minutes intervals at the GEOMAR pier (54°19'48.8N 10°08'59.6E) (AANDERAA oxygen sensor 3835 & SEABIRD SBE 37-SI MicroCAT CT(D)). The sensor system is mounted to a floating platform so that a continuous depth of 1 m is guaranteed at every time point. Oxygen data were corrected for salinity, temperature and depth following the manual for Aanderaa Optodes using the salinity and temperature measurements from the SEABIRD SBE 37-SI MicroCAT CT(D) sensor. pH was also corrected for salinity, temperature and depth following Martz et al. (2010). After cleaning and other re-boots of the sensor package, temperature, salinity and oxygen data tend to deviate from true values. Hence, 60 minutes of data after any re-boot (after sensor servicing with re-deployment, data download or power failure) were deleted. Furthermore, salinity data lower than 8 and pH data lower than 5 and larger than 10 were removed from the data set as these values were identified as outliers. On May 22nd 2018 as well as on May 26th (22:00) til 27th (15:00) 2019 oxygen data were identified as outliers and removed from the data set. The logged oxygen data were plotted against titration data (doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.930974) to check for drifts in the optode's data. But no drift pattern could be detected and the fit of the regression was very good R2adj. = 0.673, p 〈 0.001)
    Keywords: Corrected; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 37-SI MicroCAT; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Kiel-Fjord_GEOMAR-Pier; Monitoring station; MONS; Number; Oxygen; Oxygen, dissolved; Oxygen optode, Aanderaa type 3835; Oxygen saturation; pH; Salinity; Temperature, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1621988 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Water temperature, salinity and oxygen data from 2005-2019 in front of GEOMAR Pier, Kiel, Germany (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-08
    Description: 2005-2019 CTD (48M, Sea & Sun Technology GmbH, Trappenkamp, Germany) measurements and water samples at the surface (0 m depth), at 7 m and 18 m depth were taken biweekly between 2005 and 2019 at the “Wittlingskuhle” a bit off the GEOMAR pier in the Inner Kiel Fjord (N 54°19.69, E 10°09.06). The oxygen concentration of these water samples was measured by the Winkler- iodometric titration method (Winkler 1888) in mg/L and are converted to oxygen-saturation values by correcting for temperature, salinity and pressure.
    Keywords: CTD, Sea & Sun Technology, Germany, 48M; CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Event label; Kiel Fjord; Oxygen; Oxygen, dissolved; Oxygen saturation; PF2005; PF2005_Kiel-fjord; PF2006; PF2006_Kiel-fjord; PF2007; PF2007_Kiel-fjord; PF2008; PF2008_Kiel-Fjord; PF2009; PF2009_Kiel-fjord; PF2010; PF2010_Kiel-fjord; PF2011; PF2011_Kiel-fjord; PF2012; PF2012_Kiel-fjord; PF2013; PF2013_Kiel-fjord; PF2014; PF2014_Kiel-fjord; PF2015; PF2015_Kiel-fjord-2; PF2016; PF2016_Kiel-fjord; PF2017; PF2017_Kiel-fjord; PF2018; PF2018_Kiel-fjord; PF2019; PF2019_Kiel-fjord; Polarfuchs; Salinity; Temperature, water; Titration, Winkler
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 16044 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
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