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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Long-term observations reveal the formation process of branching systems of the genus Sasa in Bambusoideae
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  AoB PLANTS Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2020-10-01)
    Details
    In: AoB PLANTS, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2020-10-01)
    Abstract: Clarifying the endogenous processes that construct gross aerial shapes such as branching architecture in plants is crucial to understanding how branching contributes to plant adaptation to environments. Architectural analysis is powerful in decomposing the branching process, by comparing observations of plant growth among closely related taxa. The genus Sasa (Gramineae: Bambusoideae) contains three major sections Crassinodi, Sasa and Macrochlamys. These sections exhibit characteristic branching architectures and are distributed separately across the Japanese archipelago, in relation to macroclimatic conditions such as snow accumulation. Our study aimed to quantitatively reveal the endogenous processes underlying branching architectures in the three sections of Sasa. Long-term observations were carried out branch architectural development on Hokkaido Island from 1979 to 2012, which corresponded to the flowering interval of the genus. The results revealed that the three characteristic branching systems of the genus arise mainly from four endogenous processes (distribution of lateral buds on a culm, internode length arrangement along a culm, determination of the fate of lateral buds, development of branching with culm fragility due to ageing) and their interactions with environmental conditions, especially snow accumulation. These processes are coordinated with each other over the life span of a single shoot in developing branching architecture.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-2851
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plaa054
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2555823-7
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acute cytotoxic effects of silica microparticles used for coating of plastic blood-collection tubes on human periosteal cells
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  Odontology Vol. 108, No. 4 ( 2020-10), p. 545-552
    Details
    In: Odontology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 108, No. 4 ( 2020-10), p. 545-552
    Abstract: Because of its simple operation, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is becoming more popular than the original form, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), in regenerative dentistry. PRF preparation requires plain glass blood-collection tubes, but not either anticoagulants or coagulation factors. However, such glass tubes designed for laboratory testing are no longer commercially available. Although several glass tubes specifically designed for PRF preparation are available, many clinicians prefer to obtain stably supplied substitutes, such as silica-coated plastic tubes produced by major medical device companies. The quality of PRF prepared by silica-coated tubes has not been assessed and we previously reported significant contamination of silica microparticles in the resulting PRF matrix and alerted clinicians against the use for PRF preparation. To further assess the biosafety of the silica microparticles, we presently examined their effects on human normal periosteal cells derived from alveolar bone. The periosteal cells were obtained from explant cultures of small periosteal tissues obtained from healthy donors. Silica microparticles were obtained from silica-coated tubes and added to cell cultures. Cellular responses were monitored using a tetrazolium assay, phase-contract inverted microscopy, an immunofluorescence method, and scanning electron microscopy. Silica microparticles adsorbed onto the cell surface with seemingly high affinity and induced apoptosis, resulting in significant reduction of cell proliferation and viability. These findings suggest that silica microparticles contained in plastic tubes for the purpose of blood coagulation are hazardous for various cell types around sites where silica-contaminated PRF matrices are implanted.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1618-1247 , 1618-1255
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10266-020-00486-z
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2064980-0
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Clinical and radiation dose-volume factors related to pneumonitis after treatment with radiation and durvalumab in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  Investigational New Drugs Vol. 38, No. 5 ( 2020-10), p. 1612-1617
    Details
    In: Investigational New Drugs, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 38, No. 5 ( 2020-10), p. 1612-1617
    Abstract: Introduction Durvalumab has been shown to confer a survival benefit after definitive chemoradiotherapy in the patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer, but no studies have attempted to identify risk factors for pneumonitis after durvalumab therapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between clinical and radiation dose-volume factors, and the severity of pneumonitis. Methods We retrospectively assessed the cases of 30 patients who had been started on durvalumab therapy between July 2018 and February 2019. In this study we evaluated the percentage of lung volume receiving radiation dose in excess of 20 Gy (V20) as radiation dose-volume factor. We compared V20 and some baseline factors between a grade 0 or 1 (Gr 0/1) pneumonitis group and a grade 2 or more (≥Gr 2) pneumonitis group, and we performed a logistic regression analysis to establish the associations between variables and ≥ Gr 2 pneumonitis. Results Pneumonitis had developed in 22 patients (73.3%): Gr 1/2/3–5 in 8 (26.7%)/14 (46.7%) /0 (0%), respectively. The difference in V20 between the Gr 0/1 group and Gr 2 group (median: 20.5% vs. 23.5%, p  = 0.505) was not statistically significant, and thus V20 was not a risk factor for Gr 2 pneumonitis (odds ratio: 1.047, p  = 0.303). None of the clinical factors, including sex, age, smoking history, presence of baseline pneumonitis, type of radiation therapy, location of lesion and facility, were risk factors. Conclusions Our study suggest that the severity of pneumonitis after durvalumab is unrelated to V20 or any of the clinical factors assessed in this study.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0167-6997 , 1573-0646
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10637-020-00917-2
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2009846-7
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Platelet adhesion on commercially pure titanium plates in vitro III: effects of calcium phosphate-blasting on titanium plate biocompatibility
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  International Journal of Implant Dentistry Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2020-12)
    Details
    In: International Journal of Implant Dentistry, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2020-12)
    Abstract: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is often used to improve surface biocompatibility. We previously found that platelets rapidly adhere to plain commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti) plates in the absence, but not in the presence, of plasma proteins. To further expand on these findings, in the present study, we switched titanium plates from a plain surface to a rough surface that is blasted with calcium phosphate (CaP) powder and then examined platelet adhesion and activation. Methods Elemental distribution in CaP-blasted cp-Ti plates was analyzed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. PRP samples prepared from anticoagulated blood samples of six healthy, non-smoking adult male donors were loaded on CaP-blasted cp-Ti plates for 1 h and fixed for examination of platelet morphology and visualization of PDGF-B and platelet surface markers (CD62P, CD63) using scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy. Plain SUS316L stainless steel plates used in injection needles were also examined for comparison. Results Significant amounts of calcium and phosphate were detected on the CaP-blasted cp-Ti surface. Platelets rapidly adhered to this surface, leading to higher activation. Platelets also adhered to the plain stainless surface; however, the levels of adhesion and activation were much lower than those observed on the CaP-blasted cp-Ti plate. Conclusions The CaP-blasted cp-Ti surface efficiently entraps and activates platelets. Biomolecules released from the activated platelets could be retained by the fibrin matrix on the surface to facilitate regeneration of the surrounding tissues. Thus, PRP immersion could not only eliminate surface air bubbles but also improve the biocompatibility of the implant surface.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2198-4034
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s40729-020-00270-2
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2842869-9
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Comparative Study of the Effects of Anticoagulants on Pure Platelet-Rich Plasma Quality and Potency
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Biomedicines Vol. 8, No. 3 ( 2020-02-25), p. 42-
    Details
    In: Biomedicines, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 3 ( 2020-02-25), p. 42-
    Abstract: It is generally accepted that citrate or the A-form of acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD-A) are suitable for preparing platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for regenerative therapy. However, this is based on evidence from blood transfusions and not from regenerative medicine. Thus, we examined the effects of anticoagulants, such as ACD-A, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and heparin, on the regenerative quality of PRP to address this gap. The blood samples were collected in the presence of anticoagulants and were processed to prepare pure-PRP. Platelet size, activation status, and intra-platelet free Ca2+ concentration were determined while using a hematology analyzer and flow cytometer. Platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) was quantified while using an ELISA. In pure-PRP samples, EDTA caused platelet swelling and activation, but yielded the highest number of platelets. Heparin aggregated platelets and disturbed the overall counting of blood cells. However, no significant differences in PDGF-BB levels were observed among the anticoagulants tested. Moreover, when considering the easy preparation of platelet suspensions, without the need for high-level pipetting skills, these findings suggest the comparable potency of EDTA-derived pure-PRP in tissue regeneration and support the use of EDTA in the preparation of pure-PRP. Further in vivo studies are required in animal models to exclude the possible negative effects of including EDTA in pure-PRP preparations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9059
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8030042
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720867-9
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